拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)又称青蟹,隶属于十足目、梭子蟹科、青蟹属,在我国浙江、福建、广东、广西等地区广泛分布.拟穴青蟹肉质鲜美,具有较高的营养价值,是我国东南沿海地区重要的经济养殖蟹类.2022年全国青蟹养殖产量15.5万t,养殖面积2.4万ha.

海洋碳汇作为一种特殊碳汇,具有较大应用潜力和广阔发展前景,能够实现经济最大化,同时对环境保护、低碳经济发展也有极大促进作用.本文概述了国内外海洋碳汇相关内容和宁波市海洋碳汇现状调研结果,探讨了海洋碳汇发展中存在的问题,并为宁波市海洋碳汇发展提出一些建议,以供参考.

日本囊对虾又名日本对虾,系广泛分布于我国长江口以南沿海的土著虾品种.因其具极强的耐干露性能,历来是我国活体出口创汇的重要水产品,现已成为当前我国四大主养海水虾之一.但随着沿海海区捕捞强度的不断加大,野生日本囊对虾种质资源量逐年下降;长期的近亲繁殖引起对虾苗种性状急剧退化,苗种质量良莠不齐,进而导致养殖病害频发,养殖产量低下.驯养野生日本囊对虾、培育对虾苗种新品系已成为产业发展的关键.项目组为采捕海区种虾并且提高驯养成活率,通过多种运输方法,将海区捕捞的种虾运回基地进行养殖,最终解决培育优良品系所需的种虾短缺问题.

宁波市位于浙江省沿海北部,三面环海,沿海有三门湾、杭州湾和象山港,海域面积辽阔,水资源丰富.2022年,宁波市水产养殖面积41254ha,水产养殖产量46.4万t,水产养殖总产值85.3亿元,水产养殖已成为宁波市渔农民增收的重要途径.

宁波市因港而生、向海而兴,有着8000多年的海洋文明史,海洋渔业发展条件得天独厚,大黄鱼养殖产业也是宁波传统三大主导养殖产业之一,对宁波市养殖渔业经济发展具有重要的促进作用.宁波大黄鱼养殖始于20世纪90年代,经20余年发展,2022年,大黄鱼养殖面积达23万余m2,年产量3963t,产值1.6亿余元,形成了集育种、苗种繁育、养殖生产、饲料加工等在内的完整养殖产业链,成为宁波市海水养殖特色优势产业.

"跑道"养鱼是基于"循环、生态、低碳、环保"理念发展出的全新水产养殖新模式,在池塘内配备推水增氧装置和流水养殖槽,使跑道内的水循环流动,定期将鱼排泄物、饲料残渣分离出养殖水体,实现了经济效益与生态效益"双丰收".宁波市海洋与渔业研究院开展海水"跑道"养鱼探索,经过两年的养殖和研究,取得了较好的效果,现将养殖情况总结如下.

Mytilus coruscus ,the natural distribution of which was indistinct,is one of the important economic shell-fish of East China Sea.The natural distributions of different sections in Yushan Islands were analyzed by underwa-ter survey in July,2014.The results showed:the differences of ecological types in five survey sections are signifi-cant,and the dominant species of five sections are different as well.The density of Mytilus coruscus varied from 37.04 ind/m2 to 185.80 ind/m2 in different sections,the density of section A was higher than other sections,the following was section C and section D,the density of section B was the lowest.Furthermore,the density of each survey plot varied from 0 to 388.89 ind/m2 .The main natural distribution water depth of Mytilus coruscus was from underwater 9 m to underwater 3 m,but mainly distribution water depth was from underwater 8 m to under-water 5 m,and the total of 90 percent of Mytilus coruscus were recorded in this zone.The highest density of under-water 8 m depth was 160.19 ind/m2 ,and few mussel were found when the water depth is less than 1 m or exceed 11 m.The density of Mytilus coruscus changed greatly in different sections (F =57.011,P <0.01)and water depths (F=66.495,P<0.01),which influenced significantly by section and water depth through double factor va-riance analysis,interaction of survey sections and water depths effected significantly on density of Mytilus coruscus (F=10.483,P <0.01).The relationship between density (A)and water depth (D)can be represented by the fol-lowing Gauss Equation,the valve of equation R2 varied from 0.875 3 to 0.999 7.Using hierarchical clustering,the 31 different surveys underwater zones were classified into three groups:the characteristic of first group were blank zone,the characteristic of second group were the water depth from 5 to 8 m,the characteristic of third group was the water depth less than 3 m or exceed than 9 m.The results showed that the water depth is the main factor which influenced the distribution of Mytilus coruscus .

Xiangshan bay is a narrow semi-closed bay and situated on the northwestern coast of the East China Sea. Over past decades, it has become to a major bay with intensive human activities, dense urbanized area, and poor water quality. The aim of this paper was to reveal the ecological status through the elucidation of the species composition, abundance, biomass and diversity of macrobenthos in this bay. Six intertidal sections were surveyed from January 2007 to November 2008 quarterly. Sections TG, HD and XH are located in the three inner bays, sections QJ and WS are located near the thermal power plants, and section XX is located at the outer part of Xiangshan Bay. Great variations in macrobenthos community were indentified, and the species composition of the community in the present study showed the dominance in the order of molluscs (bivalves and gastropods), crustaceans and others, and only few Polychaeta were recorded. Only three dominant species, Littorina brevicula, Ilyplax tansuiensis, and Cerithidea cingulata were collected in all the sections, and a total of 19 dominant species were recorded only in one section. Two-way ANOVA analyses of abundance indicated that there were significant differences among sections or seasons. Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') had its maximum (2.45) in section QJ, and minimum (1.76) in section TG. Multiple irregular k-dominance plots clearly showed that the study area was polluted and the macrobenthos community was under stress. We conclude that the macrobenthos of Xiangshan Bay have been disturbed by human activities, especially at the interior bay.

Elaborating on the key technique and the application thereof of secondary development of Google Earth and KML file generation,this paper realizes the construction of standardized fish farming pond management information system based on Google Earth,which is simple and illustrative and can be used to browse,query,analyze and plan standardized fish farming pond information accurately.The method is a new way of applying information management to standardized fish farming pond,and it is high in research value of digitized fish farming and has a wide application prospect.

Based on macrobenthic samples collected from five intertidal stations in the Yushan Island during March 2009 the macrobenthic community was analysized using PRIMER 5.0,of which CLUSTER,DIVERSE and ABC functions were adopted. Ninety species were found in the five sations,including 3 species of Coelenterata,11 species of Annelida,45 species of Mollusca,19 species of Arthropoda, 6 species of Echinodermata and 6 other species.The average biomass and density in all locations were 5 307.06 g/m2 and 2 323.20 ind/m2 respectively.The mollusca had the highest biomass and abundance among all macrobenthic fauna.Shannon-Wiener index H′=2.052 （1.421-2.417）,Simpson′s diversity index D=0.577 （0.497-0.624）, Margalef index d=2.477 （1.396-3.223） and Pielou index J=0.590 （0.484-0.648）. The ABC Curve of the intertidal zone of Yushan Island showed that the marcobenthic fauna communities were moderately disturbed by all kinds of pollution.

The paper deal with results on the observations of the composition of the spawning stock and fishing output of Scomberomorus niphonius in Xiangshan Bay Zhejiang from 2007 to 2008.Discussed the breeding ground for the Scomberomorus niphonius resource status,The Scomberomorus niphonius protection measures proposed.

The characteristics of species composition,quantity distribution and bioecology of intertidal benthos in Xiangshan Bay of Zhejiang Ningbo are analyzed in this paper.The results indicate that there are 158 species,the most of which are molluscs and crustacea accounting for 74% of all species,and some species are of high commercial value.The average biomass and density is found to be 101.1 g·m-2 and 359.2 ind·m-2,respectively.The molluscs is ranked top in terms of biomass,density of the benthos,composition of dominant and main species,as well as seasonal variation of quantity on intertidal benthos in the ecological habitat.Diversity study shows that the macrobenthic community in the region has been disturbed.