BACKGROUND:Socioeconomic shifts have increased metabolic disorders, yet long-term trends among Chinese youth (aged 5-24 years) remain under-researched. OBJECTIVES:To examine the disease burden of metabolic disorders in China's population aged 5-24 years (1990-2021) and compare with global levels. DESIGN:A population-based modeling study utilizing Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data. METHODS:We analyzed disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and age-standardized DALY rates (ASDR) for hypertension (HTN), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity, and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression. The Bayesian age-period cohort (BAPC) model predicted trends. Drivers were explored via decomposition analysis. RESULTS:HTN ASDR decreased significantly (average annual percentage change (AAPC) = -2.89%), faster than the global average. Obesity and T2DM ASDRs surged (AAPCs: 3.06% and 3.12%), consistent with global upward trends. Despite lower NAFLD (AAPC = -1.84%), the burden rebounded after the mid-2010s, particularly among females. Males bore higher DALY proportions. BAPC predicted improving HTN but worsening obesity and T2DM by 2030. Epidemiological shifts primarily enhanced DALY increases. Population growth and aging provided mitigating effects. CONCLUSION:Chinese youth face a bifurcated metabolic landscape: improving HTN but worsening obesity and T2DM. The recent NAFLD resurgence among females necessitates targeted public health interventions. IMPACT:Key Message: The study highlights worsening burdens of obesity and T2DM among Chinese youth, alongside improving trends in HTN and NAFLD, with significant sex disparities. Added Value: Provides a comprehensive, sex- and age-stratified analysis of metabolic disease burdens in China, using advanced decomposition and projection methods. IMPACT:Calls for urgent, targeted interventions to address rising obesity and T2DM, emphasizing the need for sex-specific public health strategies.

Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and long-term high-fat diet (HFD) have been proven to have adverse effects on human health. This study demonstrated that the sequential exposure to BPA in early life and high-fat diet after weaning jointly impaired intestinal health. We found that BPA altered the gut microbiota composition of offspring, reducing microbial diversity and increasing Proteobacteria abundance. While short-term HFD intake partially restored microbial diversity, prolonged HFD feeding exacerbated dysbiosis. Early-life BPA exposure and subsequent HFD synergistically increased intestinal permeability, elevated serum zonulin and endotoxin (ET), and induced colonic inflammation. Notably, serum ET levels were significantly influenced by sex. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the T cell receptor (TCR) and cell adhesion molecule (CAMs) signaling pathways were the key pathways associated with intestinal barrier impairment. Immunohistochemical analysis further showed increased CD3+ T cell infiltration and ICAM-1 positive area in the colon of 13-week-old male offspring, particularly in the BPA + HFD group. These findings highlight a critical developmental window during which environmental and dietary factors interact to program long-term intestinal vulnerability.

Background: an increase in ultra-processed food consumption and obesity prevalence has become a major global concern. This study aims to determine the association between ultra-processed food consumption and the increased risk of adult obesity in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Methods: a cross-sectional analysis of anthropometric and dietary data from 531 adults aged >= 18 years was conducted. Food intake was assessed through 24-hour records on three non-consecutive days. The NOVA classification system was used for ultra-processed food identification, i.e., industrially manufactured derived from foods with added sugar, salt, color, and flavors such as sweet, confectionery, soft and carbonated drinks, fast foods, packaged snacks, etc. Weight (kg) and height (m) were used to determine the body mass index, and the waist-to-hip ratio was calculated; general and abdominal obesity were then diagnosed. Regression models were performed to evaluate the association between ultra-processed food and obesity while adjusting for socio-demographic and physical exercise. A two-tailed statistical test with a p-value of < 0.05 was identified as statistically significant. Results: the prevalence of obesity and central obesity was 16.9 % and 46.9 %, respectively. Average energy consumed was 2256.71 kcal/ day, of which 18.5 % derived from UPF. As UPF consumption increases from the lowest to the highest quintile, mean BMI (from 23.73 kg/m(2) to 25.85 kg/m(2)) and WHR (from 0.864 to 0.902) show a gradual rise with regression coefficient of (beta = 2.12 [1.23 to 3.22]) for obesity and (beta = 0.038 [0.023 to 0.053]) for abdominal obesity. Conclusion: UPF consumption is associated with an increased risk of obesity, highlighting the need of holistic public health solution in Zanzibar, Tanzania.

Limited information is available regarding human perfluorophosphonate (PFPA) exposure and its association with health outcomes. In this study, serum samples were collected from 133 elderly residents (≥ 60 years) living near electronic waste (e-waste) dismantling areas in South China to determine PFPAs and other emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) concentrations and their associations with glucose homeostasis. PFPAs, i.e., perfluorodecanephosphonate (PFDPA), perfluorooctanephosphonate (PFOPA), and perfluorohexanephosphonate (PFHxPA), were the predominant emerging PFAS, with median concentrations of 6.31, 1.50, and 0.28 ng/mL, respectively, indicating that e-waste dismantling activities are a significant source of PFPA exposure. A significant negative association between PFHxPA and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels was observed in the elderly [-1.26 (95% CI: -2.46, -0.06); p < 0.05]. Furthermore, mixture effect analysis showed that exposure to PFAS mixtures was inversely, though not statistically significantly, associated with FBG levels (-0.42, 95% CI: -1.12, 0.29). Interestingly, PFHxPA (C6) and PFOPA (C8) were identified as the primary contributors to the observed inverse association, in contrast to PFDPA (C10), suggesting a potential chain length-dependent pattern of glucose homeostasis. These findings provide the first evidence of high PFPA exposure in this vulnerable cohort and underscore the urgent need to incorporate these emerging contaminants into future environmental monitoring and health risk assessments.

Objectives: Disruptions in circadian-related behaviors are emerging as potential risk factors for gastrointestinal cancers. This study investigated the independent and joint associations of nightly fasting duration and sleep duration with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) among community-dwelling Chinese older adults. Methods: Participants were drawn from the Guangzhou CRC Screening Program, which used a questionnaire-based investigation, two separate fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs) for risk evaluation, and colonoscopy for high-risk individuals. Of the 347,297 people initially screened, 197,507 individuals were finally included after excluding 100,930 cases with missing eating/sleeping data or unknown/benign lesions via colonoscopy. Among the final sample, 351 CRC cases and 1384 precancerous lesions were diagnosed, while 195,772 individuals had negative results. Habitual times for dinner, breakfast, bedtime, and wake-up were used to define nightly fasting duration (dinner-to-breakfast) and nightly sleep duration (bedtime-to-wake). Multivariable logistic regression, subgroup analyses, and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the associations. Results: In the fully adjusted models, each 1-h increment in nightly fasting duration was associated with a 9.5% (95% CI 1.039-1.153) higher risk of CRC, and the direct association was limited to individuals over 60 years (OR = 1.147, 95% CI 1.073-1.226), while each 1-h increment in nightly sleep duration was associated with a 15.2% (95% CI 0.806-0.893) lower risk of CRC. Consistently, earlier dinner, later breakfast and later bedtime were also associated with a higher CRC risk. Conclusions: In Guangzhou older residents, long nightly fasting duration was a risk factor for CRC, especially among individuals over 60 years old; while long nightly sleep duration was protective. These findings suggest that maintaining adequate sleep and optimizing the nightly fasting window may be viable lifestyle strategies for CRC prevention, emphasizing the need for tailored preventive measures for different age groups.

Micro/nanoplastics (MNPs) are emerging contaminants of concern for maternal and fetal health, yet their effects on the maternal-fetal circulation and serum metabolic homeostasis remain unclear. Here, we investigated the maternal and offspring toxicity of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and serum metabolomic alterations in dams and offspring. PS-MPs accumulated in multiple tissues, including blood, indicating maternal-to-offspring transfer. Continuous exposure reduced litter size, induced hepatic oxidative stress, and increased IL-6 and TNF-α levels in a dose-dependent manner in both dams and offspring. In dams, PS-MPs also decreased red blood cell and platelet counts and altered leukocyte composition, with increased lymphocyte and decreased neutrophil percentages at the high dose. Untargeted serum metabolomics revealed distinct exposure-related metabolic profiles, including 18 putatively annotated signature metabolites and 26 differentially abundant metabolites. Bilirubin and presqualene diphosphate were exclusively detected in exposed animals, whereas metabolites associated with lipid oxidation and mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation were elevated after exposure. RT-qPCR further supported altered expression of genes involved in these pathways. Overall, PS-MPs disrupted hematological homeostasis and metabolic regulation, likely through hepatic lipid peroxidation and systemic inflammation, and serum bilirubin and presqualene diphosphate may serve as candidate biomarkers of exposure.

Introduction:Background: an increase in ultra-processed food consumption and obesity prevalence has become a major global concern. This study aims to determine the association between ultra-processed food consumption and the increased risk of adult obesity in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Methods: a cross-sectional analysis of anthropometric and dietary data from 531 adults aged ≥ 18 years was conducted. Food intake was assessed through 24-hour records on three non-consecutive days. The NOVA classification system was used for ultra-processed food identification, i.e., industrially manufactured derived from foods with added sugar, salt, color, and flavors such as sweet, confectionery, soft and carbonated drinks, fast foods, packaged snacks, etc. Weight (kg) and height (m) were used to determine the body mass index, and the waist-to-hip ratio was calculated; general and abdominal obesity were then diagnosed. Regression models were performed to evaluate the association between ultra-processed food and obesity while adjusting for socio-demographic and physical exercise. A two-tailed statistical test with a p-value of < 0.05 was identified as statistically significant. Results: the prevalence of obesity and central obesity was 16.9 % and 46.9 %, respectively. Average energy consumed was 2256.71 kcal/day, of which 18.5 % derived from UPF. As UPF consumption increases from the lowest to the highest quintile, mean BMI (from 23.73 kg/m² to 25.85 kg/m²) and WHR (from 0.864 to 0.902) show a gradual rise with regression coefficient of (β = 2.12 [1.23 to 3.22]) for obesity and (β = 0.038 [0.023 to 0.053]) for abdominal obesity. Conclusion: UPF consumption is associated with an increased risk of obesity, highlighting the need of holistic public health solution in Zanzibar, Tanzania.

Purpose:This study aims to evaluate the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index as a biomarker for identifying prediabetes mellitus (PDM) in children and adolescents with obesity and to compare its predictive ability with traditional indicators. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 213 children and adolescents with obesity, aged 8 to 18 years. Key inclusion criteria included obesity, defined as a BMI above the 95th percentile. Diagnostic criteria were based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Correlation analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression, logistic regression, and ROC curve analysis were performed to assess predictive performance. Results:The TyG index showed significant positive correlations with triglyceride (TG; r = 0.751), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; r = 0.422), 2hPG (r = 0.387), and FPG (r = 0.385) (all p < 0.001). LASSO regression identified TyG, HbA1c, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as key predictors. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that the TyG index was an independent risk factor for PDM (OR = 13.287; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.357-32.956; p < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed an AUC of 0.776 (95% CI: 0.715-0.837) for the TyG index, with an optimal cutoff of 8.895, yielding a sensitivity of 55.1% and specificity of 85.2%, outperforming TG, FPG, and HOMA-IR. Conclusion:The TyG index is a reliable and practical marker for identifying prediabetes in children and adolescents with obesity. Its predictive performance exceeds that of several conventional indicators, providing clinical value for early screening and intervention.

ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate factors linked to the degree of disability among older adults and explore the relationship between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the degree of disability among older adults in southern China.MethodsConducted in two districts of Guangzhou, China, this cross-sectional study included 262 older adults with mild-to-severe disabilities. Disability levels were assessed using the “Assessment Standard for Long-term Care Disability” from the Medical Insurance Bureau, including Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Cognitive Ability, and Sensory Perception and Communication Skills (SPCS). Dietary data were collected via Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and used to calculate the DII and intake of nutrients (e.g., Protein, Carbohydrate and Fat). A multivariable ordinal logistic regression model was employed to analyze the influence of various factors and the DII on the degree of disability among older adults. Restricted cubic spline and sensitivity analyses were used to assess the association between DII and the degree of disability of the older adult population.ResultsInactivity (never exercising, OR = 8.48, 95% CI = 2.30–31.31) and reduced activity (formerly exercising, OR = 4.85, 95% CI = 1.39–16.96), stroke (OR = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.61–4.80), and dementia (OR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.26–5.78) were significantly associated with increased disability. After adjusting for confounding factors, a higher DII was linked to a greater degree of disability, with the highest DII quartile showing a notably higher risk (OR = 2.61, 95% CI = 1.21–5.61) compared to the lowest quartile.ConclusionLack of exercise, previous exercise, stroke, and dementia are correlated with increased disability among older adults. Additionally, a higher DII is associated with a more severe degree of disability.

Background Obesity remains a significant public health burden among adults globally, contributing to a wide range of health issues. This study evaluated the relationship between dietary habits and the risk of obesity among adults in Nigeria. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Ekiti state, southwestern Nigeria and a multi-stage stratified cluster approach was used to recruit 1000 adults between the age 18 and above (males = 558; females = 442). The dietary habits were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) and waist- hips ratio (WHR) were used to assess general and abdominal obesity respectively, and they were categorized using WHO standard. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants. The prevalence ratio between dietary habits and both general and abdominal obesity were calculated using Robust Regression Analysis. Two-sided p -values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The prevalence of general obesity among adults was 15.9% while abdominal obesity was 31.8. We found a positive relationship between: alcohol intake and general obesity (Model 1: PR = 0.690, 95%CI:1.482 ~ 1.988); abdominal obesity in male (model 1: PR = 1.405, 95%CI: 0.970 ~ 1.757) and female (Model 1: PR: 1.432, 95%CI: 0.965 ~ 1.839; Model 2: PR: 1.327, 95%CI: 1.087 ~ 1.525). A positive association was observed between obesity and largest portion of meal timing. Compared to those that consumed their largest portion of meal during breakfast, adults that consumed their largest portion of meal during dinner had a higher risk of general obesity (Model 1: PR = 1.050, 95%CI: 0.704 ~ 1.564; Model 2: PR = 1.010, 95%CI: 0.679 ~ 1.501), and abdominal obesity in males (Model 1: PR = 1.405, 95%CI: 0.970 ~ 1.757) and females (Model 1: PR = 1.432, 0.965 ~ 1.839; Model 2: PR = 1.327, 1.087 ~ 1.525). Conclusion Our findings reveal an association between alcohol consumption, the timing of the largest meal and obesity. These findings may fill in knowledge and initiate a public health intervention for countries with a high burden of obesity.

Obesity has emerged as a global health crisis, with its pathogenesis being closely linked to metabolic dysregulation in brown adipose tissue (BAT). However, the underlying mechanisms by which high-fat diets and environmental endocrine disruptors, such as bisphenol A (BPA), affect BAT remain largely unknown. This study was conducted to investigate how combined exposure to BPA and a high-fat diet influences BAT function and the development of obesity via the VEGF/VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT pathway.Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to four groups and received different treatments for 90 days: a normal chow diet (NCD), a normal chow diet supplemented with BPA (NCD + BPA), a high-fat diet (HFD), or a high-fat diet supplemented with BPA (HFD + BPA). Additionally, cell experiments were carried out using C3H10T1/2 cells induced to differentiate into brown adipocytes. These cells were exposed to different combinations of BPA and palmitic acid (PA).To comprehensively assess the effects on mice and cells, a variety of assays were employed, including cell viability assays, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and mitochondrial electron microscopy.The combined treatment of BPA and HFD (PA) successfully established an animal obesity model and a cellular triglyceride (TG) accumulation model. BPA and HFD exposure affected serum lipid levels and the expression of inflammatory factors in animals. It also inhibited brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and the expression of VEGF pathway proteins, leading to a reduction in capillaries and mitochondrial damage. Similarly, the combined treatment of BPA and PA influenced the expression of inflammatory factors in mature brown adipose cells and inhibited the expression of related proteins.Overall, combined exposure to BPA and a high-fat diet impairs BAT function through multiple mechanisms, including inflammation, thermogenic dysfunction, microvascular damage, mitochondrial injury, and alteration of the VEGF/VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT pathway. These findings suggest that such combined exposure ultimately promotes the development of obesity.

Phthalate esters (PAEs) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous pollutants tied to metabolic and immune disorders. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway has been indicated to mediate their toxic effects, but the specific functions of PPAR subtypes and their mediating roles remain unclear. In this study, we generated PPARα-, δ-, and γ-specific knockout THP-1 cell lines by using CRISPR/Cas9 system and then differentiated them into interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13)-polarized macrophages (alternative activation). During the induction process, the cells were exposed to 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 μM of five PAE metabolites: Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), Monocyclohexyl phthalate (MCHP), Monoisonyl phthalate (MINP), Monoisobutyl phthalate (MIBP), and Monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP); and five PFAS: Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), Potassium perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS-K), and Potassium 9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonate (F53B) for 48 h. The results showed that PPARδ deletion abolished CD209 expression, confirming its essential role, whereas PPARα deletion reduced and PPARγ deletion enhanced CD209, indicating PPARα promotes and PPARγ restrains alternative activation. Compounds displayed subtype-selective actions: MEHP activated PPARα/γ; MBzP/MCHP inhibited PPARδ yet activated PPARγ; MINP activated PPARγ only. Among PFAS, PFOS-K activated PPARδ/γ; F53B inhibited PPARα; PFOA activated PPARγ; PFDA inhibited PPARα/δ. Transcriptomics revealed compound-specific enrichments-cholesterol (MEHP), fatty-acid (MCHP), glycolysis (PFOS-K), TCA cycle (PFOA)-despite common PPAR pathway engagement. In conclusion, PAEs and PFAS disrupt macrophage plasticity through distinct PPAR-subtype signatures, providing molecular landmarks for future hazard assessment of environmental pollutants.

Ultra-processed foods (UPF) are increasingly linked to negative health outcomes, including chronic diseases and mortality. Recent evidence suggests that UPF may accelerate biological ageing, potentially explaining their harmful effects. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate associations between UPF intake categories and mortality risk, examining biological ageing’s mediating and modifying effects. We used a prospective cohort design including 172,225 participants in the UK Biobank who completed 24-h dietary recall questionnaires. UPF were classified according to the NOVA system. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluated associations between UPF intake and both all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Biological ageing was assessed using PhenoAge acceleration, with the bootstrap method examined mediation effects and delta method assessed interaction between UPF intake and biological ageing on mortality risk. Participants consuming > 8 servings/day of total UPF showed higher mortality risk compared to those consuming ≤ 3.5 servings/day (HR = 1.15; 95

Scope Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a global public health concern. Nobiletin, a polymethoxyflavone abundant in citrus fruits, enhances circadian rhythms and ameliorates diet-induced hepatic steatosis, but its influences on ALD are unknown. This study investigates the role of brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (Bmal1), a key regulator of the circadian clock, in nobiletin-alleviated ALD. Methods and results This study uses chronic ethanol feeding plus an ethanol binge to establish ALD models in Bmal1(flox/flox) and Bmal1 liver-specific knockout (Bmal1LKO) mice. Nobiletin mitigates ethanol-induced liver injury (alanine aminotransferase [ALT]), glucose intolerance, hepatic apoptosis, and lipid deposition (triglyceride [TG], total cholesterol [TC]) in Bmal1(flox/flox )mice. Nobiletin fails to modulated liver injury (ALT, aspartate aminotransferase [AST]), apoptosis, and TG accumulation in Bmal1LKO mice. The expression of lipogenic genes (acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha [Acaca], fatty acid synthase [Fasn]) and fatty acid oxidative genes (carnitine pamitoyltransferase [Cpt1a], cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 10 [Cyp4a10], and cytochrome P450, family4, subfamily a, polypeptide 14 [Cyp4a14]) is inhibited, and the expression of proapoptotic genes (Bcl2 inteacting mediator of cell death [Bim]) is enhanced by ethanol in Bmal1(flox/flox) mice. Nobiletin antagonizes the expression of these genes in Bmal1(flox/flox) mice and not in Bmal1LKO mice. Nobiletin activates protein kinase B (PKB, also known as AKT) phosphorylation, increases the levels of the carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP), ACC1, and FASN, and reduces the level of sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and phosphorylation of ACC1 in a Bmal1-dependent manner. Conclusion Nobiletin alleviates ALD by increasing the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation by increasing AKT phosphorylation and lipogenesis in a Bmal1-dependent manner.

Given the widespread applications in industrial and agricultural production, the health effects of rare earth elements (REEs) have garnered public attention, and the genotoxicity of REEs remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the genetic effects of lanthanum nitrate, a typical representative of REEs, with guideline-compliant in vivo and in vitro methods. Genotoxicity assays, including the Ames test, comet assay, mice bone marrow erythrocyte micronucleus test, spermatogonial chromosomal aberration test, and sperm malformation assay were conducted to assess mutagenicity, chromosomal damage, DNA damage, and sperm malformation. In the Ames test, no statistically significant increase in bacterial reverse mutation frequencies was found as compared with the negative control. Mice exposed to lanthanum nitrate did not exhibit a statistically significant increase in bone marrow erythrocyte micronucleus frequencies, spermatogonial chromosomal aberration frequencies, or sperm malformation frequencies compared to the negative control (P > 0.05). Additionally, after a 24-h treatment with lanthanum nitrate at concentrations of 1.25, 5, and 20 μg/ml, no cytotoxicity was observed in CHL cells. Furthermore, the comet assay results indicate no significant DNA damage was observed even after exposure to high doses of lanthanum nitrate (20 μg/ml). In conclusion, our findings suggest that lanthanum nitrate does not exhibit genotoxicity.

A novel fluorinated covalent organic polymer @ attapulgite composite (F-COP@ATP) was prepared at room temperature for in-syringe membrane solid-phase extraction (SM-SPE) of domoic acid (DA) in aquatic products. Natural ore ATP has the advantages of low cost, good mechanical strength and abundant hydroxyl group on its surface, and in-situ modified F-COP layer can provide abundant adsorption sites. F-COP@ATP combining the advantages of F-COP and ATP, becomes an ideal adsorbent for DA extracting. Moreover, a high-throughput sample preparation strategy was carried out by using the F-COP@ATP membrane as syringe filter and assembling syringes with a ten-channel injection pump. In addition, the experimental factors were optimized, such as pH of extract, amount of adsorbent, velocity of extraction and desorption, type and volume of desorption solvent. The DA analytical method was established by SM-SPE-HPLC/tandem mass spectrometry. The method had a wide linear range with low limit of detection (0.344 ng/kg) and low limit of quantification (1.14 ng/kg). F-COP@ATP membrane can be reused more than five times. The method realized the analysis of DA in scallop and razor clam samples, which shows its application prospect in practical analysis. This study provided an efficient, low-energy and mild idea for preparing other reusable natural mineral ATP-based composite materials for separation and enrichment, which reduces the experimental cost and is closer to environmental protection and green chemistry to a certain extent.

Abstract Background/Objective No previous study has investigated the association between dietary pattern and both general and abdominal obesity risk among adults in Nigeria. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of obesity among adult age 18 and above in Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria. Methods and study designs A total of 1003 adults were included in this cross-sectional study (males = 558; females = 445). Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip (WHR) were used to assess general and abdominal obesity respectively and they were categorized using WHO recommendation. Partial correlation analyses were performed to assess the associations of dietary patterns with BMI and WHR. Prevalence ratio between dietary pattern and both general and abdominal obesity were calculated using Robust Poisson Regression. Results The prevalence of general obesity among adults was 15.9%, (11.6% among men and 20.2% among women); abdominal obesity was 32.3% (28.9% among males and 44.5% among females). Four dietary patterns were identified; diversified traditional pattern; typical traditional pattern; milk and bread pattern and egg and fish pattern. Diversified traditional pattern was negatively associated with BMI (PR = 0.571, 95%CI: 0.360 ~ 0.905, p = 0.017), and typical traditional pattern was positively associated with BMI (PR = 1.561, 95% CI: 1.043 ~ 2.339, p = 0.031) and WHR in females (PR = 1.849, 95% CI: 1.256 ~ 2.721, p = 0.005). In comparison to those in the lowest quartile, adults with the highest quartile of the typical traditional pattern had a higher risk for abdominal obesity (PR = 1.849, 95%CI = 1.256 ~ 2.721, p = 0.020). Conclusion This study reports an alarming increase in Obesity prevalence among Nigeria adults which is greatly influence by their lifestyle and eating pattern. We found out that a typical traditional food pattern was associated with a higher risk of both general and abdominal obesity, but a diverse traditional food pattern was associated to a reduced risk of general obesity.

The association between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) alteration and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) or mortality in patients with hypertension is still unclear. 20,034 patients with essential hypertension were enrolled from UK biobank. Multivariable COX regression models were performed to assess the association. LTL was shorter in hypertensive patients with MACE compared to those without MACE. Hypertensive patients in the lowest LTL quartile were at higher risk to develop MACE (adjusted HR 1.15 [95

Background: Childhood obesity is a major public health challenge in the 21st century, and diet is one of the key modifiable factors in its prevention. This study examined the link between dietary patterns of children and general and central obesity, including the role of C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods: This study enrolled 2413 children aged 9–17. Anthropometric measurements, CRP levels, and dietary data were collected. Factor analysis identified dietary patterns, and logistic regression examined the association between CRP levels and childhood obesity. Multiple linear regression determined the correlation between dietary patterns and CRP. Mediation analysis assessed the role of CRP in the link between dietary patterns and childhood obesity. Results: Three dietary patterns were identified. The rice and meat pattern was significantly correlated to the risk of childhood obesity (OR = 1.166, 95%CI: 1.000, 1.359 for general obesity; OR = 1.215, 95%CI: 1.071, 1.377 for central obesity). CRP was positively correlated with childhood obesity risk (OR = 2.301, 95%CI: 1.776, 2.982 for general obesity; OR = 2.165, 95%CI: 1.738, 2.697 for central obesity). The fruit and vegetable pattern was inversely related to CRP (β= −0.059, 95%CI: −0.081, −0.036), while the snack pattern was positively correlated (β= 0.043, 95%CI: 0.020, 0.065). CRP had a suppressive effect on the association between the fruit and vegetable pattern and snack pattern with childhood obesity. Conclusions: This study revealed the rice and meat pattern as a risk factor for childhood obesity, and cross-sectional evidence linked the fruit and vegetable pattern and snack pattern to childhood obesity risk, mediated by CRP.

OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to investigate the association between consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and leucocyte telomere length (LTL). METHODS:This cross-sectional study utilized data from the UK Biobank, including a total of 64,690 participants. LTL was measured using Q-PCR with natural logarithmic conversion and Z-score normalization. Dietary data were collected through a 24-hour recall questionnaire from 2009 to 2010. UPFs were identified using the Nova food classification and analyzed as either a continuous or categorical variable respectively. Multiple linear regression models were employed to analyze the association between UPF consumption and LTL. RESULTS:The included participants had an average age of 56.26 years, of whom 55.2% were female. After adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle-related and anthropometric variables, LTL exhibited a decrease of 0.005 (95% CI: -0.007, -0.002) with one UPF serving/day increase. Compared to participants consuming ≤ 3.5 servings/day, those consuming 3.5 to < 6, 6 to ≤ 8 and > 8 servings/day showed a shortening of LTL by 0.025 (95% CI: -0.047, -0.004), 0.034 (95% CI: -0.055, -0.012) and 0.038 (95% CI: -0.062, -0.015), respectively (P for trend = 0.001). Subgroup analyses by UPF subclasses revealed that consumption of ready-to-eat/heated food (β = -0.008, 95% CI: -0.014, -0.002), beans and potatoes (β = -0.024, 95% CI: -0.039, -0.009), animal-based products (β = -0.011, 95% CI: -0.019, -0.004), artificial sugar (β = -0.014, 95% CI: -0.025, -0.004), and beverages (β = -0.005, 95% CI: -0.009, -0.001) showed negative associations with LTL. Conversely, breakfast cereals (β = 0.020, 95% CI: 0.004, 0.036) and vegetarian alternatives (β = 0.057, 95% CI: 0.027, 0.086) showed positive correlations with LTL. CONCLUSIONS:Our study found that a higher consumption of total UPFs was associated with a shorter LTL. However, some subclass UPFs may be associated with longer LTL, depending on their nutritional composition.