Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) relies on the precise mineral nutrient uptake and partitioning to ensure fruit quality and yield. However, systematic research on nutrient dynamics under different cultivation modes remains insufficient. This study investigated seasonal mineral nutrient uptake and partitioning patterns in '87–1′ grapevines grown in facility (FG) and open field grown '87–1′ (OFG) grapevines. Over consecutive growing seasons, three vines at germination stage (GS), initial flowering stage (IFS), end bloom stage (EBS), seed development stage (SDS), veraison stage (VS), maturation stage (MS), and defoliation stage (DS)were excavated. Each vine was separated into different organs, which were then dried and weighed to determine biomass. Subsequently, the samples were ground and analyzed for the contents of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), boron (B), and molybdenum (Mo). The results showed that the total biomass growth rates of FG were 2.3%-67.5% higher than those of OFG at all growth stages except EBS. For macronutrient uptake, the order in FG was Ca>K > N > P>Mg, while the micronutrient uptake order was Zn>Fe>Mn>Cu>B>Mo. In contrast, OFG had a macronutrient uptake order of Ca>K > N>Mg>P, and a micronutrient uptake order of Fe>Zn>Cu>Mn>B>Mo. Both FG and OFG exhibited the highest N uptake proportion from GS to IFS, accounting for 21.8% and 27.9% respectively. For FG, the uptake proportion of K was the highest (28.8%) from EBS to SDS, while those of Ca (46.7%) and Zn (54.1%) peaked from VS to MS. For OFG, K (37.4%) and Ca (34.9%) uptake proportions were the highest from VS to MS, and Zn uptake proportion reached its peak (47.6%) from MS to DS. In terms of nutrient uptake proportion in nutrient organs (NO), the order was shoots>leaves for FG, whereas it was leaves>shoots for OFG. The concentrations of Fe and Zn exceeded 0.1 mg·g-1 in specific growth stages or tissues, exceeding typical thresholds of traditional micronutrients. These findings systematically clarify nutrient dynamics differences in ‘87–1′ grapevines under FG and OFG, providing theoretical support for differentiated nutrient management to optimize yield and fruit quality.

Rational and precise fertilization is essential for sustainable grape production, yet systematic, long-term data on the accumulation and distribution of major nutrient elements-particularly calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg)-in 'Kyoho' grapevine (Vitis labrusca & times; Vitis vinifera) remain limited. This study aimed to quantify the seven-year dynamics of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), Ca, and Mg accumulation and distribution among different plant organs at seven key phenological stages. Four-year-old 'Kyoho' grapevines were subjected to whole-plant destructive sampling at seven growth stages over seven consecutive years (2012-2018). The concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in roots, trunks, perennial shoots, annual shoots, leaves, petioles, and fruits were determined by automatic Kjeldahl and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry methods, and data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with least significant difference test. Macronutrient accumulation increased steadily throughout the growth cycle, with significant differences in distribution among organs at different stages. During budding to seed development, leaves and annual shoots were the primary sinks. From seed development to harvest, fruits accumulated the majority of nutrients, with potassium distribution reaching 77.36% at harvest. Post-harvest, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium refluxed from leaves to perennial storage organs, while calcium was predominantly allocated to leaves with limited fruit mobility. These results demonstrate that nutrient management must be equilibrated according to stage-specific requirements.

Genomic selection (GS) is critical for accelerating genetic gain in modern plant breeding. Deep learning approaches offer powerful non-linear representation capabilities for modelling non-additive effects. However, their application in GS remains restricted, as high-dimensional, low-sample and noisy data hinder the identification of informative markers. The present study proposes DNAwhisper, a deep learning framework designed for multi-trait prediction and adaptive marker prioritisation. The framework integrates a cascaded architecture, GFIformer, employing shared network parameters across partitioned marker blocks to adaptively compress genetic features within a hierarchical pyramid. Pre-training on population genetic structure regularises feature learning to establish a generalisable latent representation. During trait modelling, importance scores for aggregated genomic regions at multi-resolutions are extracted from the distinct pyramid levels under trait-guided deep supervision, enhancing interpretability and supporting marker prioritisation. DNAwhisper was evaluated on maize, wheat, tomato and grape datasets for marker prioritisation and phenotypic prediction, achieving prediction accuracy approximately 3.0% to 10.0% higher than the baseline model. Furthermore, DNAwhisper identifies major QTLs (e.g., VGT 1 , ZCN 8 ) and epistatic signals within the gibberellin metabolic pathway across maize flowering traits. This framework provides a new strategy for dissecting the genetic architecture of complex traits.

Postharvest senescence of climacteric apples accelerates quality deterioration and decay, posing substantial challenges to fruit preservation. While naringenin (Nar), a citrus-derived flavonoid with documented antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, holds potential for postharvest applications, its efficacy and mechanistic basis in apple storage remain unexplored. This study systematically evaluated Nar's preservation effects across physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional dimensions. Treatment with Nar (10 mg L- 1, optimized through doseresponse analysis) effectively delayed starch catabolism, suppressed ethylene biosynthesis by 38.7 %, and attenuated fruit softening via inhibition of polygalacturonase (PG) and related cell wall-modifying enzymes. Notably, Nar did not significantly alter total soluble sugars, organic acids, or sugar-acid balance but elevated antioxidant pools-flavonoids (by 1.8-fold) and phenolics (by 27.4 %)-while enhancing key stress-defense enzymes (POD, CAT) by 22-35 %. Integrated transcriptome and RT-qPCR analyses revealed Nar's dual regulatory capacity: (i) downregulating ethylene signaling (ACS, ACO) and cell wall dismantling (PG, beta-Gal) genes, and (ii) activating phenylpropanoid and ascorbate-glutathione pathways. These coordinated mechanisms synergistically delayed senescence markers while enhancing redox homeostasis. Our findings position Nar as a multitarget phytochemical that extends apple shelf life by 15-21 d under commercial storage, providing a sustainable alternative to synthetic preservatives. This work advances flavonoid-based postharvest strategies, offering translational solutions to mitigate food waste and improve eco-conscious fruit supply chains.

Low light is a major limiting factor in greenhouse grapevine cultivation, particularly during winter and early spring. To investigate the genetic basis of low light tolerance, a population of 198 F1 individuals derived from a cross between low light-tolerant and low light-sensitive grapevine varieties was used in this study. SNP markers were converted into bin markers using the self-developed VCF_to_binMap analysis pipeline, and a genetic map was constructed containing 19 linkage groups with a total length of 1161.95 cM and an average marker distance of 0.71 cM. Phenotypic analysis revealed significant segregation for chlorophyll content and light compensation point (LCP) in the F1 population, with traits approximately following a normal distribution. QTL mapping identified three significant QTLs associated with chlorophyll a content, four with chlorophyll b content, and one with total chlorophyll content, all located on linkage group LG17. Additionally, one significant QTL related to LCP was mapped to LG8. Transcriptome sequencing of extreme phenotype plants and correlation analysis identified two MYB transcription factors (Vitvi17g00232 and Vitvi17g00309) and one STN8-encoding gene (Vitvi08g02097) within the QTL intervals, suggesting their potential roles in low light tolerance. This study provides insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying low light tolerance in grapevines and identifies candidate genes for further functional validation. The findings contribute to the development of grapevine varieties with improved low light tolerance, supporting sustainable greenhouse cultivation practices.

Mineral elements play a crucial role in plant growth and development. Ensuring the proper supply of these elements in the soil to maintain the optimum range within plants is necessary for achieving optimal fruit yield and quality. Unfortunately, the application of NPKCaMg fertilizers to fruit trees is often either insufficient or excessive, leading to environmental degradation and reduced fruit yield and quality. To assess the impacts of different fertilizers on the biological traits of grapes and their responses to nutritional elements, Merlot grapevines were subjected to multi-nutrient fertilization over four consecutive growing seasons from 2018 to 2021 in Penglai District, Yantai, China. Principal component analysis revealed that the T11 treatment, consisting of N3P3K1Ca2Mg4, was the most suitable fertilizer type and application design among the treatments. The application of T11 resulted in a significantly lower (24.29-35.20%) fertilizer usage, and it resulted in increases in several important traits such as 100-grain weight (HGW), number of seeds (SN), total soluble solids (TSS), total seed phenols (SP), seed flavanols (SFI), and seed tannins (ST) by 3.28-12.84%, 3.76-20.03%, 1.11-14.95%, 2.16-23.69%, 11.00-32.78%, and 1.07-23.35%, respectively, compared to the T14 (N4P2K3Ca1Mg4), T16 (N4P4K1Ca3Mg2), T13 (N4P1K4Ca2Mg3), and T 15 (N4P3K2Ca4Mg1) treatments. Flowering and fruiting processes exhibited a considerable demand for NPK, with higher requirements for K and B during fruit growth and development compared to the other macroelements and micronutrients, respectively. Excessive K in soil enhanced the competitive inhibition of Ca uptake by Merlot grapevines. The optimal ranges of mineral element contents for total peel phenols (PP), peel flavanols (PFI), total peel flavonoids (PFD), total seed phenols (SP), and seed tannins (ST) were primarily influenced by grape variety and nutritional analysis method. In conclusion, the careful selection of NPKCaMg fertilizer and its precise application to soil at an optimum range of mineral elements is critical for grapevine growth and development.

Achieving global fruit demand can be realized through the application of agricultural technologies.However,it is crucial to first overcome the enormous agricultural challenges posed by the implementation of efficient irrigation technologies.To address the issues related to inadequate water supply and inefficient traditional fruit tree irrigation methods,we propose a cost-effective and efficient approach-the"439"field precision irrigation scheme.This scheme predicts four relative soil water content minimum thresholds(RSWCTs)and maximum(RSWCTe)thresholds[relative to the percentage of field capacity(FC)]for starting and ending irrigation.By exploring the relationship between RSWCTs,RSWCTe and fruit quality,we assessed the scheme's effectiveness.A practical case study was conducted on grape(Vitis vinifera L.,'87-1')cultivated in a facility from 2019 to 2022 to evaluate the scheme's impact on irrigation management.The results indicate that maintaining 70％-80％FC from germination stage(GS)to end bloom stage(EBS),70％-80％FC from EBS to veraison stage(VS),55％-70％FC from VS to maturation stage(MS),and 55％-65％FC from MS to deciduous stage(DS)improve single grain weight(SGW).Similarly,to improve total soluble solid content,60％-80％FC is suggested from GS to EBS,70％-80％FC from EBS to VS,60％-70％FC from VS to MS,and 60％-70％FC from MS to DS.To improve peel strength and fruit quality index(FQI),70％-80％FC is recommended from GS to EBS,60％-70％FC from EBS to VS,55％-65％FC from VS to MS,and 55％-70％FC from MS to DS.This management tool helps farmers optimize irrigation efficiency and increase profits by growing high-quality fruit.In summary,the implementation of the"439"field precision irrigation system,coupled with fruit quality analysis,holds promise for enhancing water efficiency in precision agriculture.

Durio zibethinus Murr. is a tropical fruit crop of growing global importance, prized for its unique flavor and nutritional value. Yet only a narrow genetic base has been utilized in breeding efforts. We performed whole-genome resequencing of 114 diverse durian accessions collected in China, identifying over 39 million high-quality SNPs across the genome, revealing genome-wide patterns of diversity. Population structure analysis revealed three major genetic clusters, supported by PCA, phylogenetic analysis, and STRUCTURE modeling. Genome-wide scans identified candidate selective sweeps, and several genes potentially under selection. From the 114 accessions, we further identified a core collection of representative durian germplasms capturing the majority of the species' genetic diversity. This subset includes both elite cultivars and genetically distinct individuals. Our study provides insights into the genetic diversity and population structure of cultivated durian. The defined core collection and genomic variation map establish a valuable resource for durian breeding and germplasm conservation. These findings will facilitate the identification of superior alleles for important traits and guide future durian improvement programs.

中熟鲜食葡萄新品种'华葡黑峰'是欧美杂种,以'高妻'为亲本,采用实生选种育成.果穗中大,平均单穗质量553.3 g.果粒椭圆形,紫黑色,单粒质量10.8 g;果肉软,多汁,草莓香味浓郁,可溶性固形物含量19.6％,可滴定酸含量0.46％.早果性强,丰产,产量因地区不同控制在11 250～30 000 kg ·hm-2.在辽宁兴城8月下旬成熟.抗病性与'巨峰'相近,抗旱和抗寒性较强,抗盐碱能力中等.

Solanum commersonii(2n=2x=24,1EBN,Endosperm Balance Number),native to the southern regions of Brazil,Uruguay,and north-eastern Argentina,is the first wild potato germplasm collected by botanists and exhibits a remarkable array of traits related to disease resistance and stress tolerance.In this study,we present a high-quality haplotype-resolved genome of S.commersonii.The two identified haplotypes demonstrate chromosome sizes of 706.48 and 711.55 Mb,respectively,with corresponding chromosome anchoring rates of 94.2 and 96.9％.Additionally,the contig N50 lengths are documented at 50.87 and 45.16 Mb.The gene annotation outcomes indicate that the haplotypes encompasses a gene count of 39 799 and 40078,respectively.The genome contiguity,completeness,and accuracy assessments collectively indicate that the current assembly has produced a high-quality genome of S.commersonii.Evolutionary analysis revealed significant positive selection acting on certain disease resistance genes,stress response genes,and environmentally adaptive genes during the evolutionary process of S.commersonii.These genes may be related to the formation of diverse and superior germplasm resources in the wild potato species S.commersonii.Furthermore,we utilized a hybrid population of S.commersonii and S.verrucosum to conduct the mapping of potato freezing tolerance genes.By combining BSA-seq analysis with traditional QTL mapping,we successfully mapped the potato freezing tolerance genes to a specific region on Chr07,spanning 1.25 Mb,with a phenotypic contribution rate of 18.81％.In short,current research provides a haplotype-resolved reference genome of the diploid wild potato species S.commersonii and establishes a foundation for further cloning and unraveling the mechanisms underlying cold tolerance in potatoes.

The high-quality development of fruit industry is an inevitable requirement to better meet people’s ever-growing needs for a better life, promote farmers’ income, improve agricultural efficiency, and realize the transformation from a big fruit producing country to an industrial power. This paper puts forward the strategic thinking and suggestions of seven aspects to promote the high-quality development of fruit industry in our country: Implement the innovation-driven strategy and accelerate the realization of scientific and technological breakthroughs in the fruit industry; optimize the regional layout of fruit trees, optimize the structure of tree species and varieties; promote the integration of one, two and three industries of fruit industry and realize the industrialization of fruit industry development; standardize the construction of breeding system of fruit trees and cultivate high-quality healthy fruit trees; strengthen early warning of natural disasters,diseases and insect pests and other emergencies, and improve our ability to prevent and mitigate and resist risks; accelerate the demonstration, promotion, transfer and transformation of fruit science and technology achievements, increase the scientific and technological contribution rate of fruit industry; establish of national fruit science and technology innovation alliance to provide strong support for the high-quality development of fruit industry; through the above strategic thinking and suggestions, we hope to provide references for the high quality development of Chinese fruit industry.

Precision fertilization is an important cultural practice to balance between plant nutritional needs and environmental sustainability. More importantly, it contributes to maintain sustainability that achieves more and consumes less. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium are essential elements for orchard productivity. Conventional fertilization is not able to meet the needs of simultaneous application of various amounts and ratios of each nutrient element at different growth stages, and therefore a simple and accurate precision fertilization technology is needed. In this study, in order to obtain scientifically accurate amounts and ratios of different nutrient elements, a precise fertilization technology, the '5416' experimental field design scheme, has been proposed. The '5416' design scheme was tested based on fruit quality analysis, of the fruit trees in 'Cabernet sauvignon' grape field in Penglai County, Shandong Province (China) using the cumulative variance of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium as the target function. The experimental results indicated that the '5416' precision fertilization technology could reasonably predict the accurate fertilizer application amounts and ratios in each growth period to produce better quality fruit based on fixed yield. It is a more accurate precision fertilization modeling approach and provides a modern tool for solving interactive effects among soil nutrients, plant nutrients, fertilization and fruit quality.

The 54 durian germplasm resources planted in Hainan were analyzed by fluorescent SSR molecular marker technology to analyze SSR polymorphism,clustering,population structure and genetic diversity.The result show that 19 pairs of SSR primers with high polymorphism were screened.A total of 117 polymorphisms alleles were detected by DNA amplification,with an average number of 6.158,an average effective allele of 3.398,an average Shannon index of 1.372,an average of 0.689 for observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity,and an average of 0.643 for polymorphic information content,which has certain genetic diversity.Based on the cluster analysis of UPGMA genetic distance,at the genetic distance of 0.6,54 germplasms can be divided into 3 groups,the first group has a total of 45 germplasm resources,including different durian varieties introduced in different countries.The second group has a total of 8 resources,all of which are introduced to different countries'Musang King'durian.The third group has a total of 1 resource,which is a kind of red durian introduced to Thailand.Taking the genetic distance of 0.3 as the threshold,the first group can be divided into 9 subgroups.Based on Structure,54 samples can be divided into 5 subgroups.Comprehensive cluster and population structure analysis identified some varieties of unknown germplasm resources.The analysis of genetic variation,genetic distance and genetic differentiation of different subpopulations showed that individual variation was the main source of total variation,subgroup 5 had the greatest genetic distance and genetic differentiation degree with other subpopulations,and the overall gene flow of different subpopulations was large and the degree of genetic differentiation was low.

Composting is an environment-friendly and sustainable way to transform grape branches (GBs) into a useful product. Different parameters can differently affect fertilizer quality. Here, the compost product nutrient content was evaluated using an L9 orthogonal array (parameters, nitrogen source: chicken manure, sheep manure, urea; stirring temperature: 50, 60, 70 °C; initial pH: 6, 7, 8; conditioning agent: calcium superphosphate, zeolite, and copper sulfate). Among the treatments, the T3 (chicken manure, 70 °C, pH = 8, copper sulfate), T2 (chicken manure, 60 °C, pH = 7, zeolite), and T9 (urea, 70 °C, pH = 7, calcium superphosphate) had high gray relational grades (0.7424, 0.7132, 0.7110, respectively). The nitrogen source type (R = 0.1140) had the greatest influence on the nutrient content of the final product, followed by the stirring temperature (R = 0.1104), the conditioning agent (R = 0.0522), and the initial pH (R = 0.0408). Finally, the best nitrogen source of the grape branch compost was chicken manure, the best stirring temperature was 70 °C, the best initial pH was 7, and the best conditioning agent was zeolite. An experimental verification showed that the weighted correlation degree of the optimal treatment predicted by the orthogonal experiment increased by 3.63%.

\u3010Objective\u3011<\/strong>The effects of different irrigation amounts on grape berry quality, aroma component accumulation, and the expression level of aroma compounds biosynthetic genes were studied to determine the relationship between irrigation patterns and sensory quality of table grapes, so as to provide a reference for choosing the optimal irrigation amount in root-restricted cultivation.<\/p><\/sec>\u3010Method\u3011<\/strong>The table grape cult

为探究采前外施不同浓度GA3对台农17号菠萝采后果实品质及内源激素含量变化的影响,共设置4个GA3浓度处理,分别为50、100、150、200mg/kg,以清水处理为对照(CK).结果表明:150、200mg/kgGA3处理可增大果实体积、提高果实重量,100、150mg/kgGA3处理可增加果实甜度,其中100mg/kgGA3处理果实总糖含量最高;而150、200mg/kgGA3处理可降低果实可滴定酸含量、增大果实pH值,同时高浓度GA3可提高果实糖酸比,从而影响果实的口感与风味;100mg/kg GA3处理还可提高果实维生素C含量,当GA3处理浓度高于100 mg/kg时反而降低了果实维生素C含量.此外,不同浓度GA3处理对果实内源激素含量的影响较大,经GA3处理后可增加果实内源GA3含量,也可提高果实内源IAA含量,却降低了果实内源ABA含量;50、100、150mg/kgGA3处理后果实内源SA含量呈逐步增加的趋势,200mg/kgGA3处理与CK相比无显著差异.综上所述,外源施用适宜浓度GA3处理可促进台农17号菠萝果实膨大、提高果实内在品质,对4种果实内源激素含量均产生了显著影响,也可说明植株通过内源激素的变化共同调控台农17号菠萝的生长发育.

以河北定州栽培的'赤霞珠'为试材,通过实施5416配方施肥方案,研究该方案对葡萄果实性状和酚类物质含量的影响,以筛选出N、P、K、Ca、Mg元素合适的施用比例.结果表明,T8处理对百粒质量和籽粒数的提升作用明显;T4处理对籽总酚和籽单宁含量有明显的提升作用;T5处理对皮黄烷醇和皮总黄酮有提升作用;T6处理对皮总酚和花色苷提升作用明显.主成分分析表明,T4是5416配方施肥中综合评价最佳的处理,可使'赤霞珠'葡萄籽中的总酚和单宁含量分别达到43.61、26.70 mg·g-1,显著高于其他处理.为继续获得'赤霞珠'葡萄的最佳综合品质,施用P2O523.3 kg·hm-2、K2O 56.3 kg·hm-2、CaO 168.8 kg·hm-2、MgO 69.8 kg·hm-2是本试验条件下的最佳理论施肥量.

A multi-parental population is an innovative tool for mapping large numbers of loci and genetic modifications, particularly where they have been used for breeding and pre-breeding in crops. Frost injury is an environmental stress factor that greatly affects the growth, development, production efficiency, and geographical distribution of crops. No reported study has focused on genetic mapping and molecular marker development using diallel populations of potatoes. In this study, 23 successful cross combinations, obtained by a half diallel cross among 16 parents, including eight frost-tolerant advanced breeding lines and eight cultivars, were used to map the genetic loci for frost tolerance and to create a molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) system. Three candidate regions related to frost tolerance on chromosomes II, V, and IX were mapped by bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Furthermore, six SNP markers associated with frost tolerance from candidate regions were developed and validated. Above all, a MAS system for the frost tolerance screening of early breeding offspring was established. This study highlights the practical advantages of applying diallel populations to broaden and improve frost-tolerant germplasm resources.

通过对蓬莱产区酿酒葡萄梅乐果园不同生育期、不同组织部位各矿质元素测定,并依据果实3种酚类物质的综合品质指数进行植株营养诊断,为制定梅乐葡萄优质施肥方案提供理论依据.2018-2020年,共以48个具有产区代表性的梅乐葡萄园为试材,测定成熟期总酚(果实、果皮、种子)、总类黄酮、黄烷醇含量及盛花期(FBS_)、转色期(VS_)和成熟期(MS_)的叶片(L_)、叶柄(P_)、花序/果实(F_)中氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、硼(B)、钼(Mo)含量.利用DPS计算果实不同部位3种酚类物质的综合品质指数,结合CND法完成高优果园的划分和低优果园的营养诊断.根据不同生育期、不同组织部位各矿质元素含量与品质指数的相关性分析,可将 FBS_F_N、FBS_F_P、FBS_P_K、FBS_P_Ca、MS_P_Mg、VS_L_Fe、VS_P_Mn、VS_P_Zn、MS_L_Cu、FBS_L_B、VS_P_Mo 确定为CND法植株营养诊断因子.高优果园的品质指数划分临界值为0.386 3,其中共有22个果园满足此条件,占总体样本的45.83％.依据高优果园植株上述各诊断因子含量特征确定适宜范围分别为N(23.53～32.06)mg/g、P(6.16～11.26)mg/g、K(14.97～43.88)mg/g、Ca(14.74～66.57)mg/g、Mg(9.33～26.51)mg/g,Fe(88.63～504.42)mg/kg、Mn(126.16～767.25)mg/kg、Zn(22.13～75.19)mg/kg、Cu(20.92～1 193.58)mg/kg、B(20.90～42.22)mg/kg,Mo(0.02～0.97)mg/kg.不同矿质元素 CND 法植株标准参比值为:V*N=3.01±0.20,V*P=1.90±0.18,V*K=2.98±0.26,V*Ca=3.18±0.44,V*Mg=2.56±0.27,VFe=-1.55±0.41,V*n=-1.37±0.68,V*Zn=-3.45±0.51,V*Cu=-1.43±1.41,V*B=-3.75±0.17,VM.=-8.60±0.91.蓬莱产区梅乐葡萄低优果园需肥顺序为 Fe＞P＞Cu＞B＞Mg＞Ca＞K＞N＞Mn＞Zn＞Mo,表现为 Fe、P、Cu、B、Mg、Ca、K 偏低.P、Ca、Mg 肥施用应采用少量多次的原则;加强果园肥水管理,提高树体对K元素吸收;通过叶面喷施,适当补充缺乏的Fe、Cu、B元素.

华葡瑰香是以巨峰为母本、沈阳玫瑰为父本杂交选育出的中熟鲜食葡萄新品种,欧美杂种,四倍体.平均穗重674.9g,果穗长25.7 cm、宽16.7 cm,圆锥形,紧密度中.平均单粒重11.4g,椭圆形,果皮暗红色,中等厚,无涩味.果肉软至硬脆,有草莓香与玫瑰香混合香味,香甜多汁,鲜食品质上等.可溶性固形物含量18.70％,可滴定酸含量0.41％,每果粒含种子2～4粒.结果稳定,早果性强,丰产,盛果期667 m2产量2 000 kg以上.抗病性与巨峰相近,适栽地区与巨峰相同.在辽宁省兴城市露地栽培,9月上中旬果实充分成熟.