Heteroatom-doped porous carbon materials hold significant potential for sodium-ion storage devices, yet challenges remain in scaling synthesis techniques with precise and efficient structure tailoring. In this study, we developed a porous carbon material (LCs) via laser-assisted carbonation, which introduced a higher density of lattice defects in the carbon matrix. These defects facilitated nitrogen doping, leading to the production of LCNs samples. Among them, LCN-600, with a nitrogen content of 11.3 at% and a significant number of lone pair electrons, exhibited outstanding sodium storage performance, delivering specific capacities of 302 and 210 mA h/g at current densities of 1.0 and 4.0 A/g, respectively, even after 7000 cycles. Kinetic analysis revealed that LCN-600 had a high capacitive contribution of 86.9 % for sodium uptake/release at a scan rate of 1.0 mV s- 1. Additionally, sodium-ion hybrid capacitors based on LCN-600 demonstrated excellent energy density and power capability. This study underscores the differences in microstructure and sodium storage performance of carbon materials prepared by different methods, offering an effective pathway for controllable synthesis of carbon electrodes for energy storage applications.

Flexible self-supporting film electrodes, which eliminate the need for additional adhesive, conductive agents, or current collectors, offer significant advantages in terms of mechanical properties, specific capacity, and energy density for energy storage applications. In this study, we successfully developed a flexible film electrode by incorporating derivatives of Mo and Fe-based polyoxometalates (POMs-D) into carbon nanofibers (CNFs). The integration of CNFs significantly enhanced the structural stability of POMs-D, while the internally formed electrical field facilitated efficient electron transfer, resulting in good performance in sodium storage. The film electrode demonstrated a high capacitive contribution of 90.0 % for sodium uptake/release at a scan rate of 1.0 mV s-1. It maintained a capacity of approximately 170 mA h g-1 even after 8000 cycles at a current density of 3.0 A g-1. Moreover, the film electrode exhibited a decent capacity with a 40.0-fold increase in current density, along with high power capability and energy density in sodium-ion hybrid supercapacitors, showcasing the versatility. These findings unveil the structure-functionality relationship and offer an advanced approach for developing high-performance film electrode materials, opening new possibilities in the fields of material science and energy storage.

The research-oriented experiment of “the application of VM@CNFs self-supporting flexible electrodes in electrochemical sodium storage” was designed based on our scientific research projects. The experimental contents include the synthesis and structural analysis of vanadium and manganese based polyoxometalates (VM POMs), the construction of VM@CNFs self-supporting eletrode through electrospinning, the analysis of microscopic morphology, structure, and composition of VM@CNFs self-supporting eletrode after high-temperature conversion, and the sodium storage performance and its causes of VM@CNFs self-supporting eletrode. Through this experiment, students can acquaintance the frontier knowledge of negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries, master the usage methods of relevant large-scale analytical instruments and data analysis methods, understand the structure-activity relationship of substances at the molecular level, and cultivate scientific literacy and scientific research inquiry thinking.

本文以钒酸钠和硫酸锰为主要原料,通过加入乙醇试剂,快速高效的制备了Keggin结构的钒锰基杂多酸(Na2H8[MnV13O38]),其质量收率从传统的25％增加至60％,质量收率显著增加.为了进一步探索本制备方法得到的杂多酸微观相貌和结构特性,文章采用显微镜、单晶衍射、XRD、FTIR和SEM表征手段研究了其结构特征,并考察了其热稳定性和水溶性.研究结果表明:本文制备的钒锰基杂多酸具有菱形四面体形貌,其微观结构由四面体和八面体组成,结晶度较高,每个钒锰基杂多酸分子中含有13个结晶水,分子中的钒元素由四价和五价组成,锰元素为6价,颗粒尺寸分布均匀,均大于500μm,且在0～50℃之间具有良好的水溶性.

The incorporation of active nitrogen species in carbon materials has been widely demonstrated as a viable means to produce superior lithium storage materials, while the precise regulation of nitrogen configurations as well as their content still remains a formidable challenge. Herein, nitrogen-free porous carbon frameworks were synthesized by a self-templating strategy from disodium citrate, and post-annealing yielded 10.4 at% N that was primarily pyrrolic-N and pyridinic-N with an atomic ratio of about 3 : 1, with negligible inactive graphitic-N. A gravimetric capacity of 570 mA h g(-1) at a current density of 4 A g(-1) was measured for a Li half-cell based on the as-prepared N-doped 3D carbon materials. Lithium-ion capacitors with this N-doped carbon as the anode and commercial AC as the cathode yielded energy densities of 58.9 and 142.6 W h kg(-1) with the corresponding power densities of 7400 and 185 W kg(-1), respectively. We suggest that the carbon materials with high content of pyrrolic-N and pyridinic-N especially pyrrolic-N have improved lithium storage.

以柠檬酸钾和柠檬酸钠为研究对象,通过TGA、FIIR、XRD、SEM、TEM和BET相结合的手段研究柠檬酸钾和柠檬酸钠的热解过程,并对600℃下制备的多孔碳NK-6和NN-6进行物性解析.研究结果表明:柠檬酸钾和柠檬酸钠热解主要有结晶水脱除、热裂解和热缩聚3个过程;NK-6和NN-6多孔碳材料具有无定型结构,表面具有均匀丰富的大孔结构,孔径为100～250 nm,孔壁薄,大孔内部含有一定量的介孔和微孔,介孔孔径为20～60 nm,介孔和微孔将大孔相互连通交织为3D多孔碳结构,其比表面积均大于800 m2/g,孔容积均大于0.54 mL/g;柠檬酸钠制备的多孔碳具有更大的比表面积和孔容积,以及相对小的平均孔径和较高的多孔碳收率.

Physical Chemistry Course has some difficulties in teaching and learning because of its strong theoretical nature, Abstract content, and micro-course has the characteristics of diverse forms, short time and rich content. This paper attempts to integrate micro-course teaching into traditional physical chemistry teaching to provide reference for the teaching reform of physical chemistry.

Physical Chemistry Course has some difficulties in teaching and learning because of its strong theoretical nature, Abstract content, and micro-course has the characteristics of diverse forms, short time and rich content. This paper attempts to integrate micro-course teaching into traditional physical chemistry teaching to provide reference for the teaching reform of physical chemistry.

针对《催化剂的制备与表征》专业术语多、仪器原理复杂、图谱分析难的特点,为帮助学生建立一种积极的持久的学习动机,因地制宜,以培养高素质应用性人才为导向,在课程中引入"小组学习"合作式团体性学习方式,通过课堂教学组织方式和讲授方法的改革,使学生的学习方式由被动变为主动,充分调动学生的学习积极能动性,达到满足高层次应用型人才培养的需求.

为了适应北部湾大学人才培养的目标,培养具有良好应用能力的人才,针对目前物理化学教学过程中的问题,结合我校化学工程与工艺专业的特点,对物理化学教学过程提出部分改进措施和改进目标,并应用到教学过程中,最后对改进效果进行评价.

以馏程在100 ～ 224℃、砷含量350ng·g-1的FCC重汽油为原料,以镍质量分数28 ～31％的负载型Ni/Al2O3-ZnO催化剂为活性中心,在100ml加氢装置上评价了催化剂的加氢脱砷性能.评价结果表明:在压力1.8MPa、温度120～ 160℃、氢油比40 ～ 80(v/v)、空速4.0 ～6.0h-1条件下,FCC重汽油具有良好的深度脱砷性能并保持催化活性稳定性,稳定运转2000h后,加氢产品中砷含量仍小于10ng· g-1,脱砷的同时有少量的加氢脱硫和脱烯烃反应发生.

With the aromatic residual as raw materials,using high-performance homogeneous Ni based complex catalysts,on the 100 mL fixed bed hydrogenation unit,the effects of process conditions on the catalytic performance of Ni based homogeneous catalysts for the hydrogenation of raffinate oil were investigated.The performance of catalyst was studied after separation.The results show that,At 1.7 MPa,130-150 ℃,hydrogen oil ratio is 150-160,the weight ratio of agent to oil is 0.03-0.04,the best hydrodearomatics performance of the catalyst was acquired with benzene in residual oil reduced from 30 g/kg to 7.8 mg/kg and the iodine value(100 g oil) of olefin decreased to 4.0 mg by distillation product separation.The activity of the catalyst was not decreased after separation.

Fe2(SO4)3-(NiSO4)/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by soak method with the Fe2(SO4)3 and NiSO4 as the raw materials,and it was used in the isobutene oligomerization reaction.The effects of catalyst formation,calcination temperature,iron content and Fe/Ni atomic ratio on isobutene oligomerization were investigated.The results show that the reaction activity decreases after the catalyst is formed,but the selectivity of the target product is obviously improved.The selected catalyst is trefoil with a diameter of 1.2 mm and a length of 2 mm.The suitable conditions for the preparation of the catalyst are as follows:the calcination temperature of the catalyst is 400 ℃ or 600 ℃,the carrying capacity of Fe is 8％(w) and 5％(w),and the ratio of Fe/Ni atoms is (1 ∶ 4)-(1 ∶ 3) and (3 ∶ 1)-(4 ∶ 1).Under the above conditions,the selectivity of the dimer is relatively high,the selectivity of the trimer is relatively low,the conversion is moderate,and the comprehensive reaction performance is better.

The zeolite beta modified by phosphorus at normal and high temperature was characterized by thermogravimetric,NMR and acid analysis,and their alkylation performance for benzene with propylene was investigated.The analysis shows that after introduction of ammonium ion into zeolite beta at high temperature,an obvious peak appears at 220-230 ℃ in DTG curve,indicating the ammonium ions coming into the zeolite;and 31P MAS NMR and 27Al MAS NMR of zeolite shows two strong peaks at chemical shift of-30.908 and 41.392,demonstrating the formation of tetracoordinated structure of P(4Al)and Al(4P);The modification leads more acid sites and stranger acid,proved by NH3-TPD analysis.The alkylation performance is improved significantly after modification of the zeolite at high temperature.

根据应用型高校化学工程与工艺专业的定位和培养目标,结合化工热力学课程特点,提出了基于应用型人才培养为导向的化工热力学教学改革思路.探索表明,通过教学内容的精简与优化,采用面向应用的教学方法,推动实验与理论结合,改革考试评价方式,可以有效地激发学生学习兴趣,培养学生工程意识,从而能更好地达成为石化行业培养高素质应用型化工人才的教学目的.

By kneading method,hydrothermal treatment,and ethanol-lemon acid solution heat treatment,the La was introduced to β zeolite.The elemental analysis,N2 adsorption-desorption,XRD,pyridine absorbed FTIR and NH3-TPD were used to investigate the effects of modification methods on the structure and acidity of β zeolite.The results showed that the kneading modified β zeolite had the biggest La loading,followed by hydrothermal treatment and ethanol-lemon acid heat treatment.After modification,the relative crystallinity,specific surface area and pore volume decreased;the acid mount(NH3-TPD) increased.The modified catalysts were used in alkylation reaction of benzene with ethylene.The catalyst modified by ethanol-lemon acid heat treatment YR-3 with La adding amount 2.5％(w) had the best activity,and YR-2 catalyst with La adding amount 2.0％(w) had the best stability.

The experiments for the alkylation of benzene with ethylene was performed in lab in order to decide a proper reaction conditions,the results showed that the reaction is firstly operated at a low space velocity for some hours and then shift to high space velocity,the activity stability of the beta zeolite catalyst will be improved remarkably. The analysis of physical chemistry characterization showed that the velocity of the carbon deposit in the pore was restrained and the passivation of acid sites was slowed down when the beta zeolite catalyst is first exposed to the lower air speed for some time.