马克西莫夫油画训练班是 1954 年在中华人民共和国文化部的邀请下由苏联著名画家马克西莫夫教授主持并在中央美术学院举办的油画训练班.在马克西莫夫教授的指导下,中央美术学院制定了新中国首部油画教学大纲和教学计划,培养了以冯法祀、靳尚谊、詹建俊、汪诚一等为代表的著名油画家.马克西莫夫教授的教学思想及创作理念得到了学员们的传承与发扬,至今影响中国画坛.本文针对马克西莫夫教授的教学理念展开讨论与研究,以期还原新中国成立初期油画教学及创作的面貌,强调马克西莫夫油画训练班对我国油画发展的重要性.

艺术品市场的财富效应吸引着多方资本通过各种方式介入艺术领域,在与金融资本接轨的过程中,艺术品自身正在经历着商品化、资产化和金融化过程.与此同时,艺术品市场形态、艺术品生产以及大众消费的模式都将在资本作用下随着新媒介和业态的介入而发生转变和变迁,诸如艺术品质押、艺术品信托基金、艺术品保险、艺术品众筹融资等业态应运而生,艺术品市场进入了与金融结合的新时代.

Process parameters,i.e.,the current density,chromic anhydride concentration,temperature and the additive agent,were studied to solve the low currency efficiency and low deposition rate,poor lightness in chromium brush plating.The results show that the good currency efficiency and deposition rate and bright coating can be obtained when the temperature is between 25 ℃ and 28 ℃,the current density is 200 A/dm2,and the chromic anhydride is 250 g/L.As a single additive,i.e,potassium iodide,formalin,and trichloroacetic acid,can progressively improve the current efficiency,while potassium iodide and trichloroacetic acid improve the deposition rate and trichloroacetic acid,formalin and formylamine upgrade the brightness.

For the fact that Brush plating of chromium is of low current effective and deposition rate,the additives to obtain the optimized prescription were studied.Twelve additives,such as KI,KIO3,acetocaustin,were respectively adapted.It was shown that KI was the most suitable additive.After doping KI to the solution at 10 g/L at room temperature,the current efficiency was raised by 46%,which was 3 times that of common brush plating,and the deposition rate reached 1 000 mg/h.When adding 8 g per liter at 60 ℃,improvement in current efficiency was 30%,and sedimentation rate at 700 mg/h could be obtained.KI is used as an catalyst but it does not deposit on the depositing coatings.

门神画作为木版年画的一个种类,有着其特定的历史渊源和艺术特征。研究门神画的造型和色彩,对于我们继承和发展民间美术,弘扬民族艺术起到启发和借鉴作用。

如果说19世纪末的设计师们是以对传统风格的扬弃和对新世纪的渴望与激情,用充满生命活力的新艺术风格来迎接20世纪,那么20世纪末的设计师们则更多地以冷静、理性的思辩来反省一个世纪以来工业设计的历史进程,展望新世纪的发展方向,而不只是追求形式上的创新。