Inflammation plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF) and may affect the likelihood of AF recurrence following catheter ablation. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), calculated from circulating neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets, has emerged as a promising inflammatory biomarker. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the relationship between preprocedural SII and the recurrence of AF post-ablation. We conducted comprehensive searches across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for longitudinal observational studies reporting the correlation between preprocedural SII and AF recurrence after either radiofrequency or cryoballoon ablation. Risk ratios (RRs) were aggregated using random-effects models to account for heterogeneity. A total of ten cohort studies involving 4,045 patients were included in the analysis. Our findings indicate that a high preprocedural SII is significantly associated with an increased risk of AF recurrence (RR = 2.32, 95% CI 1.68–3.21; I² = 86%). This association remained robust across sensitivity analyses (RR range 2.07–2.53) and showed consistency across predefined subgroups based on sample size (<400 vs. ≥400), age (<61 vs. ≥61 years), sex distribution (<60% vs. ≥60% men), SII cutoff (<510 vs. ≥510), ablation modality (RFCA vs. CBA), follow-up duration (<20 vs. ≥20 months), and study quality (all p for subgroup differences >0.05), although these subgroup analyses were exploratory in nature. Meta-regression did not reveal significant study-level modifiers. Additionally, a further meta-analysis treating SII as a continuous variable demonstrated that each 100-unit increase in SII correlates with a higher recurrence risk (RR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.04–1.13; I² = 43%). In conclusion, elevated preprocedural SII is associated with an increased risk of AF recurrence after catheter ablation, indicating that SII may serve as a potential adjunctive marker of inflammatory status, pending further prospective validation.

Fermented milk represents an excellent carrier for probiotics, and the incorporation of different carbon sources during fermentation can profoundly affect microbial metabolism. Based on our previous finding that Lactobacillus helveticus DYNDL_20-5 produces fucose-containing exopolysaccharides (EPS), we hypothesized that fucose supplementation could further enhance its metabolic activity and improve fermented milk quality. Thus, this study systematically investigated the impact of culturing L. helveticus DYNDL_20-5 with fucose (CMF5) on the quality characteristics and metabolic profiles of fermented milk. Compared to the control group without fucose and L. helveticus (CM), the CMF5 group demonstrated that L. helveticus effectively utilized fucose to promote acid production, enhance the fermentation process, increase microbial abundance, and enrich beneficial genera. Furthermore, the CMF5 group exhibited significantly improved textural properties, including enhanced viscosity and gel strength. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the addition of fucose and L. helveticus significantly influenced the metabolism of organic acids, fatty acids, and amino acids during milk fermentation, leading to increased concentrations of various metabolites associated with sensory quality, nutritional value, and health-promoting benefits. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the synergistic effects of L. helveticus DYNDL_20-5 and fucose on fermented milk quality, offering a theoretical foundation for the development of novel functional dairy products with enhanced nutritional and sensory attributes.

Immunodeficiency presents a significant clinical challenge in contexts such as tumour radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and organ transplantation. Current therapeutic interventions are constrained by single-target approaches and substantial adverse effects. As natural bioactive compounds, the immunomodulatory activities of Lactobacillus exopolysaccharides (EPS) are intimately linked to their monosaccharide composition. Mannose and fucose, two rare functional monosaccharides, fulfil critical roles in physiological processes including immune recognition and inflammatory regulation. However, the functional optimisation of EPS through mannose and fucose enrichment remains incompletely characterised. This study established a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunodeficient mouse model to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of mannose-enriched and fucose-enriched EPS derived from Lactobacillus helveticus. Intervention efficacy was evaluated through a comprehensive assessment of immune organ indices, cytokine profiles, histopathological alterations, and gut microbiota composition. Both mannose-enriched and fucose-enriched EPS significantly elevated splenic indices and ameliorated white pulp atrophy. Furthermore, these EPS variants restored cytokine homeostasis in serum and small intestinal tissues, attenuated hepatic steatosis, and restructured the gut microbiota by enhancing microbial diversity, increasing Firmicutes abundance, and elevating the relative proportions of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Bifidobacterium. Collectively, mannose-enriched and fucose-enriched EPS from Lactobacillus helveticus alleviated CTX-induced immunodeficiency through multiple mechanisms, including restoration of immune organ integrity, modulation of cytokine networks, and re-establishment of gut microbiota homeostasis. This study provides a theoretical foundation for developing immunomodulatory functional foods and offers novel insights into the microbiota-immunity axis in immune regulation.

The elderly population is prone to osteoporosis, owing to the deterioration of the skin, liver, and kidney functions. Vitamin D (VD) supplementation has a limited effect, and VD deficiency is mostly treated with medication. Several studies have shown that the gut microbiota alters intestinal VD metabolism and that probiotic supplements can influence circulating VD levels. Therefore, in the present study, we screened a strain of Bifidobacterium longum FSHHK13M1 that can increase the level of VD metabolites in the fermented supernatant species in vitro by modeling fecal bacterial fermentation. The results showed that FSHHK13M1 intervention significantly increased the serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxy VD and osteocalcin. It activated the expression of the VDR, OPG, Wnt10b/β-catenin, and Runx2/Osterix pathways and inhibited the expression of RANKL/RANK pathway. Furthermore, there was an enhancement in the quantity of bone trabeculae and the proportion of bone volume. Concurrently, the gut microbiota in mice with osteoporosis exhibited signs of imbalance. FSHHK13M1 intervention increased the relative abundance of specific bacteria, such as Faecalibaculum rodentium, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, and Akkermansia muciniphila. These results suggest that B. longum FSHHK13M1 alleviates retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis symptoms by modulating related genes, regulating the intestinal flora and increasing the level of active VD.IMPORTANCEOsteoporosis is a systemic metabolic disease in which the patient's bone mass decreases for a variety of reasons, and the microstructure of the bone tissue is altered, leading to an increase in bone brittleness and susceptibility to fracture. Osteoporosis is almost always present in the elderly population, and fractures from falls are an important predisposing factor for mortality risk in the elderly population. Supplementation is quite limited for them as they are not able to utilize vitamin D well due to declining liver, kidney, and skin functions. In the present study, a strain of Bifidobacterium longum probiotic was found to increase the levels of the active form of vitamin D and ameliorate osteoporosis. This may play an important role in preventing osteoporosis and reducing fracture risk in the elderly.

BACKGROUND:Hypertension is a common chronic disease in the elderly population, and its association with cognitive impairment has been increasingly recognized. Cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment and dementia, can significantly affect the quality of life and independence of elderly individuals. Therefore, identifying risk factors for cognitive impairment in elderly hypertensive patients is crucial for developing effective interventions and improving health outcomes. Nutritional status is one of the potential factors that may influence cognitive function in elderly hypertensive patients. Malnutrition or inadequate nutrition can lead to various health problems, including weakened immune system, increased susceptibility to infections, and impaired physical and mental function. Furthermore, poor nutritional status has been linked to increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia in various populations. In this observational study, we aimed to investigate the nutritional status of elderly hypertensive patients and its relationship to the occurrence of cognitive impairment. By collecting baseline data on general information, body composition, and clinical indicators, we hope to identify risk factors for cognitive impairment in this patient population. The results of this study are expected to provide more scientific basis for the health management of elderly patients with hypertension, particularly in terms of maintaining good nutritional status and reducing the risk of cognitive impairment. AIM:To explore the differences between clinical data and cognitive function of elderly hypertensive patients with different nutritional status, analyze the internal relationship between nutritional statuses and cognitive impairment, and build a nomogram model for predicting nutritional status in elderly hypertensive patients. METHODS:The present study retrospectively analyzed 200 elderly patients admitted to our hospital for a hypertension during the period July 1, 2024 to September 30, 2024 as study subjects, and the 200 patients were divided into a modeling cohort (140 patients) and a validation cohort (60 patients) according to the ratio of 7:3. The modeling cohort were divided into a malnutrition group (26 cases), a malnutrition risk group (42 cases), and a normal nutritional status group (72 cases) according to the patients' Mini-Nutritional Assessment Scale (MNA) scores, and the modeling cohort was divided into a hypertension combined with cognitive impairment group (34 cases) and a hypertension cognitively normal group (106 cases) according to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) scores, and the validation cohort was divided into a hypertension combined with cognitive impairment group (14 cases) and hypertension cognitively normal group (46 cases). The study outcome was the occurrence of cognitive impairment in elderly hypertensive patients. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between the general information of the elderly hypertensive patients and the influence indicators and the occurrence of cognitive impairment, the roadmap prediction model was established and validated, the patient work receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model, the calibration curve was used to assess the consistency between the predicted events and the actual events, and the decision curve analysis was used to evaluate the validity of the model. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between nutrition-related indicators and MoCA scores. RESULTS:In this research, the modeling cohort comprised 140 cases, while the verification cohort consisted of 60 cases, with no notable discrepancy in the data between the two groups. In the modeling cohort, there were significant differences in body mass index (BMI), albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (Hb) and homocysteine levels among the malnourished group, the malnourished risk group and the normal nutritional status group. The results of univariate and multivariate analysis showed that BMI [odds ratio (OR) = 0.830, P = 0.014], ALB (OR = 0.860, P = 0.028), Hb (OR = 0.939, P = 0.035) and MNA score (OR = 0.640, P = 0.000) were independent protective factors for patients without cognitive impairment, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (OR = 1.074, P = 0.000) was an independent risk factor for patients with cognitive impairment. In this study, the prediction nomogram tailored for cognitive deterioration in elderly patients with hypertension demonstrated robust predictive power and a close correspondence between predicted and observed outcomes. This model offers significant potential as a means to forestall cognitive decline in hypertensive elderly patients. ALP was negatively correlated with MoCA score, while BMI, MNA score, Hb and ALB were positively correlated with MoCA score. CONCLUSION:BMI, MNA score, Hb and ALB were independent protective factors for cognitive impairment in elderly hypertensive patients and were positively correlated with MoCA score. ALP was an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment in elderly hypertensive patients and was negatively correlated with the MoCA score. The column line graph model established in the study has a good predictive value.

Evidence has demonstrated established associations and causal links between gut microbiota and host aging, with microbiota-targeted dietary interventions potentially mitigating age-related decline. In addition, current formulations considering comprehensive and balanced nutritional needs of the elderly are very few. Therefore, we developed a Novel Formulated Food for the Elderly (NFFE) that is enriched with prebiotics (fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and edible fungal β-glucans) targeting gut microbiota and addresses complete and specific nutritional requirements of the elderly. After an 8-week intervention in a randomized self-controlled trial, age-related physiological decline in participants was significantly mitigated. Notably, NFFE selectively enriched short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria (Bifidobacterium ↑42 % and Ruminococcus ↑35 %). Interaction network analysis identified three functional microbial groups within the prebiotic metabolic pathway, revealing a fine metabolic relay among the three microbial guilds/groups, characterized by a flow of step-by-step degradation of prebiotics from microbes of Group 1, via microbes within Group 2, finally to those of Group 3. Notably, inter-individual variability in response was observed following NFFE intervention, and we identified two distinct host responder groups: high responders (HR, 50 %) and low responders (LR, 50 %) with the baseline characteristics of these two groups varying. HR group exhibited more significant improvements in aging-related physiological parameters, with enrichment of Ruminococcus 1 and Faecalibacterium in baseline microbiota, taxa known to degrade NFFE-derived prebiotics. These findings position NFFE as a promising dietary intervention against age-related decline via gut-microbiota modulation and comprehensive nutritional supplementation. The baseline-microbiota-dependent heterogeneity in response underscores the necessity of developing personalized formulations in future diet intervention trials.

IntroductionElderly individuals exhibit heightened susceptibility to osteoporosis, largely attributable to age-related declines in skin, liver, and kidney function. While vitamin D (VD) supplementation is common, its efficacy is often limited, necessitating reliance on pharmaceutical interventions. Research indicates that the intestinal flora significantly influences intestinal VD metabolism, with probiotic supplementation demonstrably impacting circulating VD levels.MethodsWe employed an fecal fermentation model to screen bacterial strains. After introducing these strains into osteoporotic mice, we tested the mice’s serum and skeletal indicators. We then conducted a correlation analysis between the mice’s key intestinal microbiota and serum and skeletal indicators.Results and discussionWe identify Bifidobacterium adolescentis CCFM1447 for its capacity to elevate VD metabolite levels within fermented supernatants. It significantly elevated serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Furthermore, this intervention improved bone microarchitecture, evidenced by increased trabecular number and bone volume fraction. In addition, the intestinal flora of the osteoporotic mice was disturbed. CCFM1447 intervention increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Adlercreutzia equolifaciens, Akkermansia muciniphila and Pediococcus acidilactici. And it is enriched with a part of strains that have the ability to transform VD such as Enterococcus faecalis and Pediococcus acidilactici. The above results suggest that B. adolescentis CCFM1447 may alleviate retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis symptoms by modulating the intestinal flora and increasing the level of active vitamin D.

Despite the known association between chronic inflammation and reduced muscle mass, there is a gap in research regarding the association between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and sarcopenic obesity (SO). This study aims to assess the relationship between SII and SO in middle-aged and elderly adults and the mediating role of triglyceride-glucose index (TyG). This cross-sectional study involved 2,719 participants aged 45–90 years who underwent health check-ups. SO was evaluated by combining sarcopenia [assessed by handgrip strength and appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI)] with obesity (determined by body fat percentage). Association between SII and SO, sarcopenia, and obesity in middle-aged and elderly individuals was examined using multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline analysis, and subgroup analysis. Bidirectional mediation analysis was conducted to determine the direct and indirect effects through SII and TyG. The study included 2,719 participants, of which 228 had SO (8.4

BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in elderly individuals is a transitional stage between normal cognition and dementia. Understanding the risk factors for MCI and identifying those at high risk are extremely important for the elderly population. AIM To analyze the risk factors for MCI in the elderly population and construct a clinical prediction model. METHODS Total 295 elderly individuals presenting with memory loss diagnosed at Wuxi People's Hospital between March 2021 and March 2024 were included. Comprehensive demographic, clinical, and serological data were collected for analysis. Participants were categorized into either an MCI group or a normal group based on their performance on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale. An elaborate clinical predictive model was developed to predict the likelihood of MCI in stroke patients; its accuracy was evaluated using area under curve values and calibration curves. RESULTS The results of the study showed that old age, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking, high-salt diet, high-cholesterol diet, decreased red blood count, increased neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were risk factors for the onset of MCI, with A high vitamin diet and elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol being protective factors. In addition, the prediction model constructed in this study exhibits good degrees of differentiation and calibration. CONCLUSION The risk factors for MCI are diverse. Early identification of individuals at high risk of MCI can better intervene and improve their quality of life of MCI patients.

Age-related changes in the microbiome have been reported in previous studies; however, direct evidence for their association with frailty is lacking. Here, we introduce biological age based on gut microbiota (gAge), an integrated prediction model that integrates gut microbiota data from different perspectives with potential background factors for aging assessment. Simulation results show that, compared with a single model, the ensemble model can not only significantly improve the prediction accuracy, but also make full use of the data in unpaired samples. From this, we identified markers associated with age development and grouped markers into accelerated aging and mitigated aging according to their effect on the prediction. Importantly, the application of gAge to an elderly cohort with different frailty levels confirmed that gAge and its predictive residuals are closely related to the individual's health status and frailty stage, and age-related markers overlap significantly with disease and frailty characteristics. Furthermore, we applied the gAge prediction model to another independent cohort of the elderly population for aging assessment and found that gAge could effectively represent the aging population. Overall, our study explains the association between the gut microbiota and frailty, providing potential targets for the development of gut microbiota-based targeted intervention strategies for aging.

The metabolism of branched-chain amino acids by gut microbiota can improve overall health and may reverse aging. In this study, we investigated Parabacteroides merdae, a gut microbe that is known to catabolise branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). Three metabolites of BCAAs isovalerate, 2-methylbutyrate, and isobutyrate were used to treat D-gal induced aging mice. The results showed that these treatments could delay aging in mice by providing health benefits in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, improving muscle capacity, reversing brain acetylcholine levels, and regulating blood glucose. The mechanism was preliminarily explored by combining the gut microbiota metagenome and faecal serum metabolome. Parabacteroides merdae altered the species composition and structure of the gut microbiota in mice. Increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium pseudolongum . Three metabolites affects the gut microbiota and the body's pathways of protein and improves the overall health through a variety of signaling pathways. Overall, regulating the gut microbiota involved in branched-chain amino acid metabolism to bring health benefits may be a new way of reversing aging.

Approximately two-thirds of patients with asthma, a common inflammatory airway disease, are thought to present with allergies. Probiotics and tryptophan metabolites are becoming increasingly important in treating allergic asthma. This study aimed to identify potential probiotic strains and tryptophan metabolites that could alleviate asthma symptoms. Based on in vitro fermentation experiments, we evaluated variations in probiotic capacity to metabolize tryptophan. Of the eight tested strains, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CCFM1274 produced relatively high levels of indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3C). A mouse model of allergic asthma was established by oral administration of ovalbumin (OVA) and was subjected to oral administration of probiotics. The results demonstrated that treatment with CCFM1274 reduced the tendency for body weight loss and mortality in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. Ingestion of CCFM1274 improved the infiltration of perivascular and peribronchial inflammatory cells in the lung sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). This outcome was accompanied by a reduction in the serum levels of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (OVA-sIgE) and in the levels of IL-10 and IL-17 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) of the gut microbiota showed that CCFM1274 increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium. In conclusion, CCFM1274 remodeled intestinal tryptophan metabolism in mice and contributed to the improvement of allergic asthma.

The development of antibiotics was a turning point in the history of medicine; however, their misuse and overuse have contributed to the current global epidemic of antibiotic resistance. According to epidemiological studies, early antibiotic exposure increases the risk of immunological and metabolic disorders. This study investigated the effects of exposure to different doses of sulfamethazine (SMZ) on offspring mice and compared the effects of exposure to SMZ on offspring mice in prenatal and early postnatal periods and continuous periods. Furthermore, the effects of SMZ exposure on the gut microbiota of offspring mice were analyzed using metagenome. According to the results, continuous exposure to high-dose SMZ caused weight gain in mice. IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-10 levels in the female offspring significantly increased after high-dose SMZ exposure. In addition, there was a significant gender difference in the impact of SMZ exposure on the gut microbiota of offspring: Continuous high-dose SMZ exposure significantly decreased the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus murinus, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus johnsonii, and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum (p < 0.05) in female offspring mice; however, these significant changes were not observed in male offspring mice.

BACKGROUND:The role of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in screening for mild cognitive disorders was not known. AIM:To evaluate the role of CGA in screening for mild cognitive disorders. METHODS:A total of 100 elderly people who underwent health examinations in our hospital and community between January 2020 and December 2021 were included for analysis. Using Petersen as the diagnostic gold standard, healthy individuals were included in the control group and patients with mild cognitive impairment were assigned to the study group. The correlation between the cognitive function of the patients and their baseline clinical profiles was analyzed. Patients' Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and CGA screening results were compared, and the sensitivity and specificity were calculated to assess the screening role of CGA. RESULTS:CGA assessment yielded higher diagnostic accuracy than MoCA. The results of the multivariate regression analysis showed no correlation of gender, age, body mass index and literacy with cognitive function. Patients with mild cognitive impairment obtained significantly lower MoCA scores than healthy individuals (P < 0.05). In the CGA scale, patients with mild cognitive impairment showed significantly lower Mini-mental State Examination, Miniature Nutritional Assessment and Berg Balance Scale scores, and higher Activity of Daily Living, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale and Frailty Screening Inventory scores than healthy individuals (P < 0.05), whereas the other assessment scales showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). The CGA provides higher diagnostic sensitivity and specificity than the MoCA (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:CGA allows accurate identification of mild cognitive impairment with high sensitivity and specificity, facilitating timely and effective intervention, and is thus recommended for clinical use.

原发性醛固酮增多症作为内分泌性高血压中最常见的类型伴有相当比例的糖代谢异常,是内分泌性糖尿病的一种病因,可能机制包括自主醛固酮过量分泌并通过盐皮质激素受体及非盐皮质激素受体等导致外周组织和肝脏等胰岛素敏感性下降、胰岛功能受损.近期研究表明,原发性醛固酮增多症合并皮质醇共分泌发生率较高,皮质醇作为一种糖皮质激素,可以通过糖皮质激素受体及盐皮质激素受体发挥作用,促进糖异生、抑制糖原合成、降低胰岛素敏感性及胰岛素分泌等途径影响糖代谢.盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂对糖代谢的影响目前仍存在争议,针对合并皮质醇共分泌且不宜手术的原发性醛固酮增多症患者,盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂联合糖皮质激素受体拮抗剂或许对糖代谢发挥作用.

全球医疗体系正面临着因人口老龄化进程加速发展带来的挑战,医护人员需提前做好准备,应对老年患者复杂多样的病情.标准化病人是培训医疗专业人员的关键组成部分,但在老年医学中的应用研究较少.文章综述了模拟教学在医护人员老年医学教学中的应用,医学模拟教学在老年认知障碍的应用可以提高医护人员的同理心,减少患者痴呆精神行为异常的负面反应,可以增强医护人员对老年虐待及临终关怀的认识,也可以增加早期识别老年抑郁症的概率,是一种具有潜力的教学方法,能够更好地促进学生对老年医学相关知识和技能的掌握,拓宽未来老年医学的教学思路.

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is widely found in brain tissue. HSP90 inhibition has been proven to have neuroprotective effects on ischemic strokes. In order to study the role of HSP90 in traumatic brain injury (TBI), we carried out the present study. A novel inhibitor of the HSP90 protein, 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DA), has been investigated for its function on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in mouse models. These C57BL/6 mice were used as a TBI model and received 17-DA (0.1 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneally) until the experiment ended. To find out whether 17-DA may protect against TBI in vitro, bEnd.3 cells belonging to mouse brain microvascular endothelium were used. The HSP90 protein expressions were raised after TBI at the pericontusional area, especially at 3 d. Our study suggested that 17-DA-treated mice improved the recovery ability of neurological deficits and decreased brain edema, Evans blue extravasation, and the loss of tight junction proteins (TJPs) post-TBI. 17-DA significantly promoted cell proliferation and alleviated apoptosis by inhibiting the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) to downregulate cleaved caspase-3, matrix metallopeptidase- (MMP-) 2, MMP-9, and P-P65 in bEnd.3 cells after the injury. As a result, we assumed that the HSP90 protein was activated post-TBI, and inhibition of HSP90 protein reduced the disruption of BBB and improved the neurobehavioral scores in a mouse model of TBI through the action of 17-DA, which inhibited ROS generation and regulated MMP-2, MMP-9, NF-κB, and caspase-associated pathways. Thus, blocking HSP90 protein may be a potential therapeutic strategy for TBI.

目的 探讨社区老年高血压合并T2DM病人衰弱程度与肠道微生物的关系.方法 对居住在无锡市新安社区181例高血压合并T2DM的老年居民进行横断面调查,根据Fried衰弱表型结果,将其分为对照组(无衰弱者,112例)、衰弱前期组(46例)和衰弱组(23例).采用16S高通量测序技术检测所有病人的肠道微生物组成,比较不同衰弱程度老年高血压合并T2DM病人肠道微生物群组组成.结果 社区老年高血压合并T2DM病人衰弱和衰弱前期的发生率分别为12.7％和25.4％.衰弱组与对照组年龄、糖尿病病程、合并症数量、用药数量、日常生活能力量表(ADL)评分、迷你营养评估简表(MNA-SF)评分、MoCA评分、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)评分、血清白蛋白水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).与对照组相比,衰弱组肠道微生物α多样性无明显改变,β多样性增加(P<0.05).在门水平上,与对照组相比,衰弱组Actinobacteria相对丰度增加,Fusobacteria相对丰度减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).在属水平上,与对照组相比,衰弱组的Bifidobacteria和Lactobacillus丰度增加,Adlercreutzia、Clostridium、Coprococcus、Faecalibacterium、Phascolarctobacterium、Roseburia、Turicibacter丰度减少(均P<0.05).与衰弱前期组相比,对照组Eggerthella丰度减少(P<0.05),衰弱组的Lactobacillus丰度增加,Clostridium、Coprococcu、Eggerthella丰度减少(P<0.05或P<0.01).衰弱组其他未归类细菌较衰弱前期组和对照组明显减少(P<0.05).结论 超过1/8的社区老年高血压合并T2DM病人存在衰弱,且衰弱病人的肠道微生物组成与非衰弱病人不同.

该研究评估了植物和动物蛋白及二者混合蛋白对自然衰老小鼠的骨骼和肌肉的衰弱情况及胃肠道功能的影响,同时从调节肠道菌群的角度探究动植物蛋白对衰老的影响的差异.雌性C57BL/6J小鼠分为混合蛋白、大豆蛋白和乳清蛋白组,每组6只.喂养供能比相同、蛋白质不同的饲料24周,以体质量、衰老评分、行为学实验、肌肉含量及其组织学形态、骨密度及其显微成像作为肌肉和骨骼健康的评价指标;以粪便含水量、排便量、小肠推进率、血清胃肠调节肽的水平作为胃肠道功能的评价指标,从整体评估动植物蛋白及混合蛋白对小鼠衰弱症状的改善作用.结果发现,大豆蛋白组小鼠体重稳定,衰老评分较低,肌纤维排列紧密,骨密度较高且皮质骨厚度均匀,而乳清蛋白和混合蛋白则对肌肉和骨骼的健康无显著的改善作用.大豆蛋白组肠道菌群中Bifidobacterium和Fournierella的相对丰度增加,这些菌属的变化可能与肌肉和骨骼的健康相关.因此,摄入大豆蛋白更有利于改善衰老状态.

目的 了解社区老人随年龄增长人体成分的变化特点,为老化相关疾病的防治提供理论支持.方法 选取2020年10～12月无锡市某社区60岁及以上老人1017名,按年龄分为60～69岁组(n=214)、70～ 79岁组(n=633)、≥80岁组(n=170),利用生物电阻抗法检测人体成分,比较3组人体成分的差异.结果 老年人随年龄增长,脂肪含量、BMI、腰围、腰臀比、体脂百分比无显著变化(P均＞0.05).老年女性随年龄增长肌肉总量、骨质含量、肢体各区域肌肉及骨质含量减少(P均＜0.01),而在老年男性中差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).老年男性肌肉总量、骨质含量、肢体各区域肌肉及骨质含量高于同一年龄段的女性(P＜0.001),脂肪含量低于同一年龄段的女性(P均＜0.05).结论 增龄引起老年人肌肉及骨质含量的减少具有性别差异,在老年女性中多见,而增龄对脂肪含量的影响不大.