The paper focuses on relevant aspects of spatial research of the national economy, logically emerging from the accumulated basis of scientific works of Russian scientists in various areas of the new field of scientific knowledge – noonomy, the main provisions of which were formulated by S. D. Bodrunov. The scale and significance of the changes taking place in Russian national economy in the context of new reality, their expected influence on the training of specialists in higher professional education institutions and the formation of a person in noosociety are shown. The problematic issues of higher education transformation are elaborated on considering the main provisions of the theory of strategizing, the scientific foundations of which are laid in the works of V. L. Kvint. The timeliness of intensifying interregional and cross-country spatial research is substantiated in connection with changing vectors of international economic cooperation in the context of the emergence of a multipolar world. Based on an analysis of the works of Russian scholars, the author presents possible vectors for the development of theoretical, methodological and exploratory spatial research aimed at creating resource-saving technologies and a circular economy, preserving a human-friendly natural environment, and creating innovative production and social infrastructure. The author identifies prerequisites contributing to the formation of creative potential of the individual, the strengthening and improvement of social relations and argues that they are based on the preservation of human potential, the priority of family values, and the creation of equal living conditions in urban and rural areas.

. In the changing geopolitical reality, fragmentation of the economic space is taking place, and favorable opportunities are being created for the formation and strengthening of integration associations of states in different regions of the world. The subject of the study is the features of integration processes in transforming foreign economic conditions (using the example of the EAEU). The relevance of the study is due to the new geopolitical situation in the world, which exacerbates the need to find ways to improve international economic relations by intensifying the activities of interstate integration associations (unions) of friendly countries. The basis of the «core» of the new (integral) world economic order are China and India. Based on an analysis of the development of the situation on a global scale, a conclusion has been formulated about the emergence of new trends in international economic relations. The fact of the destruction of Russia’s economic ties with a number of developed Western countries, which were based on the interests of the largest business elites and had been functioning smoothly for several decades, has been established. The timeliness and progressiveness of the creation and active functioning of new integration unions of partner countries in the economic space of the globe has been proven. The basic conditions for the development of interstate cooperation: the scale of the economy, the growth of its complexity and connectivity, as well as its leading incentive – increasing public welfare – have been determined. The positive role of the association of EAEU member states operating in the Eurasian space and its place in strengthening regional international integration is substantiated. The increasing influence of the consensus positions of sovereign countries in pursuing responsible economic and financial policies is shown. The timeliness of making agreed decisions on mutually beneficial terms by friendly countries for the long term is being proven. Examples of accumulated invaluable experience of mutual assistance in the political and economic fields of interstate cooperation are presented. Conclusions about the advisability of intensifying activities to prepare for the transition of economic and financial relations of the EAEU member countries and other international integration associations to a new technological structure have been made. Recommendations on the advisability of forming a common vision among partner countries of objective trends in the dynamically changing reality in international economics and finance have been formulated. It would be advisable to focus further regional economic research on a more detailed study of the process of fragmentation of the world economic space and building prospects for international interaction in the future based on the application of system analysis methodology. This approach opens up opportunities for innovation in the financial and economic sphere and deepening integration processes between states from different regions of the world on the basis of partnerships and versatile mutually beneficial cooperation.

During the period of work of Russian universities according to the rules of the Bologna system, the quality of higher education has decreased. The discrepancy between the training programs for students and the current and future needs of the labour market of specialists has aggravated. The accumulated problems became the basis for reforming higher education in Russia. Methods of induction, comparative and content analysis of the reasons for changes in the education of students in undergraduate and graduate programs from 2002 to 2020. installed. Strategic documents and practical results of the activities of universities have been studied. The analysis of official sources of information and scientific publications of domestic and foreign authors revealed problem areas in the training of specialists by Russian universities. The key role of higher education in the reproduction of human intellectual capital has been proven. Recommendations for improving the organization of the educational process and resource support for the training of students at various levels of ISCED-2011 have been formulated.

The article is devoted to study of the demographic shifts in Japan in the context of their impact on the transformation of migration and foreign educational policy. Some of them were permanent, others arose periodically and were caused by rapid socio-demographic and economic shifts in the Japanese society. The article analyzes the development of the demographic crisis in Japan at the beginning of the 21st century. This period is characterized by ongoing depopulation of the Japanese population, its active aging and unfavorable changes in the labor market caused by the spread of IT technologies and robotization of production. The article analyzes the worsening unfavorable demographic trends, which resulted in a shortage of labor, a decrease in the economic potential of the country, and an increase in the demographic burden on the working population. There have been studied the impact on the demographic processes in Japan of the factor of educational immigration, which is considered as one of the most appropriate resources for compensating for possible demographic losses in the population in the future. Legislative innovations and legal support of external immigration, as well as their practical implementation, have been studied. The results of the activities of the higher school of Japan in teaching foreign citizens and smoothing out the negative dynamics of the demographic situation in the country are presented. Of interest for further research is an in-depth study of the causes and identification of the consequences of the demographic crisis, as well as a substantive analysis of the economic and social effectiveness of changes in Japan's migration policy.

The results of the activities of higher education are determined by the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the graduation of specialists. During the period of macroeconomic instability, the success of the functioning of higher education institutions depends on several conditions, including the provision of financial resources and financial stability in the market of educational services. Based on the open data of the international university ranking (Round University Rankings) for the period 2017 - 2021 for 39 Russian state universities, using economic and mathematical methods, correlation analysis and data processing were carried out using the Chaddock scale tools. The study's findings demonstrated the degree to which internal factors impacting higher education institutions' financial stability are significant in relation to the major categories of operations. The scientific significance lies in the establishment of a correlation between the indicators chosen for the study, characterizing the results of the work of Russian universities in the main types of activities (educational, scientific and international) and the financial stability of higher education organizations, and determining on this basis the Coefficients showing the closeness of the relationship between them for each of the indicators, as well as average values (indicators) for the types of activities presented.

The subject of the research is the evolution of scientific approaches to the study of the spatial development of Russia. The purpose of the work is a substantive examination of the strategic planning tools as a leading institute as part of the scientific foundations of spatial development management in Russia. The article presents the technology of development and practice of execution of strategic documents for the development of the country and regions, national projects and target programs at various levels. To determine the role of strategizing in the management of spatial development, the scientific works of Russian scientists are analyzed in historical retrospect. The key role of economic and geographical research of the Soviet period in the formation of regional science is substantiated. The problems of spatial research in the modern history of Russia are presented. The development of the program-target approach is shown and the reasons preventing the coordinated functioning of the strategic planning system are identified. A number of factors complicating the implementation of national projects and state programs have been identified, including the lack of operational data, the limitations of the information system, the imperfection of the tools used for economic and financial regulation, insufficient consistency of decision-making in a hierarchically structured management sphere, etc. The necessity of applying organizational and economic innovations, activation at a qualitatively higher level of activities aimed at training specialists in regional studies and regional economics in the context of the development of international integration is argued. Conclusions are drawn about the expediency of updating the theoretical basis of regional economic disciplines and strengthening the practical training of students to work with the tools of strategic management and territorial development planning.

ПОИСК ПУТЕЙ СТАБИЛИЗАЦИИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ И ФИНАНСОВЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ: ГЛОБАЛЬНЫЙ КОНТЕКСТ (итоги проведения секционного заседания по проблемам экономики и финансов в рамках II Международной научной ассамблеи «Международное сотрудничество в целях устойчивого развития» на факультете глобальных процессов МГУ им.М.В.Ломоносова) Аннотация.4-7 октября 2022 г. в Москве прошла II Международная научная ассамблея «Международное сотрудничество в целях устойчивого развития», организованная факультетом глобальных процессов МГУ им.М.В.Ломоносова.Данная научная ассамблея проведена в рамках ежегодных научных конференций МГУ им.М.В.Ломоносова и факультета глобальных процессов.6 октября впервые состоялись заседания секции научно-педагогических работников «Нестабильность экономических и финансовых отношений: глобальный контекст» и студенческой секции «Новые форматы международных экономических и финансовых отношений».Организатором выступили кафедра теории и технологий управления и факультет глобальных процессов МГУ им.М.В.Ломоносова.В работе Секции научно-педагогических работников приняли участие российские ученые, представители ведущих научных организаций и высших учебных заведений Москвы: МГУ им.М.В.Ломоносова, РАНХиГС при Президенте Российской Федерации, Финансового университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации, Института экономики РАН, МГИМО МИД России, Института демографических исследований ФНИСЦ РАН, Владивостокского государственного университета.В работе студенческой Секции участвовали студенты российских вузов Минобрнауки: МГУ им.М.В.Ломоносова, РАНХиГС при Президенте Российской Федерации, Южного федерального университета (г.Ростов-на-Дону).На секционном заседании научно-педагогических работников

Assessment of the state of the region's socially oriented infrastructure is important for proper planning of its development and for making management decisions in this area. The sequence of assessment of the socially-oriented infrastructure of the region is proposed to be carried out in stages. At the first stage, the choice of assessment methodology is carried out, which will allow to give a comprehensive description of this type of infrastructure support and its components. It seems appropriate to use the method of integral assessment with the subsequent formation of a regional rating based on the resulting complex indicator (index). At the next stage of assessment, the issue of forming a system of assessment indicators is decided. It is proposed to investigate eight blocks of indicators characterizing the security of the region with various objects of socially-oriented infrastructure. These include health care, education, sports, tourism, culture, utilities, transport, trade and public catering. Next is the collection of statistical data, their processing, the calculation of private integral indicators in the context of eight blocks. The final stage consists in the evaluation and interpretation of a complex integral indicator. The developed method allows not only to determine the level of development of the socially-oriented infrastructure of the region, but also to identify weak and strong places during its formation, to determine further development guidelines in the areas of priority for each specific subject.

The article investigates the structure of regional economic policy in historical context, from first years of market economy development in Russia to the current period of passing-over to digital economy. On the basis of dialectical method, system approach, practical analytical instruments, method of experts’ estimation reasons and consequences of evolution changes in regional economic policy were analyzed. Factors influencing the nature of social and economic processes on sub-national level were studied. The article shows today’s trends of space development characterized by the objective global process of raising the role of agglomeration in speeding-up economic growth, increasing labour productivity, incomes and standard of living of the population. Long-term prospects of development and functioning of rural territories were not evaluated adequately, though they play one of the key roles in growing geo-political influence of Russia in the world. Detail study of the theoretical base of regional economics allowed us to substantiate the issue of shifting the focus in managing the territorial development to macro-regional level and in this connection to renew instruments used for analytical purposes. By analyzing the home practice of state regulation a conclusion was drawn about the necessity to set up a specialized state structure for observing the process of strengthening the role of macro-regions and efficiency of shaping the adequate bodies of power to manage the space social and economic development.

The article is devoted to the study of the economic and technological advantages of implementing digital doubles in industry. The analysis of digital twins’ market growth trends in high-tech industries is conducted. Based on the analysis of successful practices of implementing digital twins in hightech industries, the advantages of implementing digital twins in industry are presented and justified, based on the basic economic categories: quality, efficiency, costs, and profitability. It is noted that if the stage of predictive Analytics of digital engineering of digital twin design is a technological challenge for companies, it is important for economists to understand the essence of the increase in the effect of using digital twin. From this point of view, the use of digital twins is viewed through the prism of network effects that are generated with the development of digital platforms. The prerequisites for using the Metcalfe law in relation to digital twins are investigated, based on this law, it is possible to analyze the increasing utility of using digital twin technology: devices become smarter during operation. The authors point out that the law of increasing utility when using digital twins is associated with such pitfalls for business in the field of security: communication security; device protection; device control; control of network interactions; the closeness of the digital twin system; predictive security Analytics. Along with the considered security pitfalls, economic risks of implementation are highlighted, such as: high cost of implementation solutions, insufficient number of specialists in this field, lack of regulatory acts for the application and use of digital twin strategies. The analysis of the advantages and pitfalls of using digital twins in industry has led to the conclusion that the concept of digital twin is the most important tool for digital transformation of the industry. The success of creating technological superiority of companies in the market is largely determined by the level of technological innovation, the volume of consumer demand, as well as mechanisms for preventing digital piracy.

This paper discusses the improvement of education in the Russian Federation in the period of transformation and modernization of the economy and social sphere and the direction of development of the resource potential, financial security and social and public administration in the learning domain.