Mungbean is an important legume and protein source, but its productivity is severely limited by the mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV), and no MYMIV resistance gene has been cloned and functionally validated in mungbean. This study conducted extensive phenotypic variation research on the resistance of a newly developed mungbean multiparent advanced-generation intercross (MAGIC) population. Through an integrated genome-wide association study (GWAS), transcriptome analysis, and induced expression analysis, the candidate gene for MYMIV resistance was identified as VrADH, encoding alcohol dehydrogenase. Haplotype analysis revealed natural variation in VrADH, with VrADH Hap1 being the elite haplotype that has undergone selection in regions severely affected by MYMIV. Functional validation demonstrated that VrADH significantly enhanced resistance by limiting excessive reactive oxygen species accumulation and reducing viral proliferation. Collectively, our results indicate that VrADH can contribute to MYMIV resistance, providing a valuable genetic resource for future molecular breeding and resistance improvement in mungbean.

[Objective]Protein and threonine are the core nutrients of mung bean seeds,which have a critical impact on the nutritional quality of mung beans.Among them,mung bean protein is a high-quality protein source for vegetarians due to its easy digestion,absorption,and rich biological activity,which is of great value to human health.This study aims to explore genetic loci and candidate genes significantly associated with the protein content and relative content of threonine in mung bean seeds,providing a theoretical basis for genetic improvement of protein and threonine content in mung bean seeds.[Method]This study used Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine the protein content and relative content of threonine in 279 mung bean varieties planted in 2022.The general linear model of Tassel5 software was used for genome-wide association study to explore genetic loci related to protein content and relative content of threonine in mung bean seeds.By combining linkage disequilibrium analysis,transcriptome comparative analysis,and comparative genomics,key candidate genes related to nitrogen metabolism were identified.[Result]Six key loci located on chromosome 3 were identified,which are related to the protein content and relative content of threonine in mung bean seeds,and can explain 6.06%to 12.20%of phenotypic variation.These 6 loci are closely linked and can be mainly divided into two haplotypes,with Hap2 being the dominant haplotype.Then,KASP molecular marker was designed for the key candidate locus SLG03_966208(A/G),which can successfully classify 80 mung bean varieties into three genotypes:AA,GG,and AG,with a detection accuracy rate of 87.5%.The key candidate gene EVM0000757 was identified within the locus linkage region,and the homologous gene AT5G65750 in Arabidopsis was significantly associated with nitrogen metabolism.Its gene expression was significantly different between high and low protein varieties(P=1.84E-03,|log2FC|=1.39),making it a reliable candidate gene.[Conclusion]279 mung bean varieties were identified for their grain protein content and relative content of threonine.Six SNP loci were detected within the 939 296-1 039 749 bp region of chromosome 3.A KASP molecular marker for the SLG03_966208(A/G)locus was developed,which can distinguish the high and low levels of protein and threonine content in mung bean grains.A key candidate gene related to nitrogen metabolism,EVM0000757,was identified.

Drought stress is a major global challenge in crop production. The occurrence of drought during seed germination directly affects crop establishment and final yield. In this work, we performed whole-genome resequencing of 414 mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) germplasms and identified 4,875,142 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Two seed germination traits of the mungbean panel under drought stress across two environments were evaluated via a genome-wide association study (GWAS), and the results revealed a significant quantitative trait locus (QTL). Additionally, kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers that can identify the germination characteristics of mungbean seeds under drought stress were developed and verified. Moreover, among the nine candidate genes near this site, the expression levels of different haplotypes of VrERF088 differed. Interestingly, the only ABA-responsive element in the VrERF088 promoter was mutated. The results demonstrated that VrABI5 activates the transcriptional activity of the Hap1 promoter by binding to the ABRE motif. The overexpression of VrERF088 in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly reduced the germination rate of plants under drought stress by increasing the expression of the ABA response genes AtPM6 and AtLEA4 and reducing the expression of the germination-related genes AtEXPAs, resulting in hypersensitivity to ABA. Our results indicate that mutation of the ABRE motif in the VrERF088 promoter results in a relatively high germination rate under drought stress.

Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) is a nutritionally diverse food, associated with human health, such as heat dissipation. Although the genetic basis of yield-related traits in major crops has been thoroughly investigated, there is limited related gene information on mungbean. To address this issue, in this study, we first reported the high-quality genome assembly of cultivar Sulv1 Its size was 473.67 Mb, and the N50 value (11.3 Mb) was larger than those in previous studies. We then performed domestication analyses and genome-wide association studies on days to flowering and 100 seed weight. In domestication analyses, 20 differentially expressed genes were identified from 1022 selected regions and their Arabidopsis homologous genes were confirmed in Arabidopsis, such as LFR, GA20OX, and ACC2. In particular, EVM0030058 significantly increased the synthesis of isovitexin in mungbean hairy roots, and 40 μM isovitexin showed good effects in reducing inflammation in vitro. The domestication loci Chr3-47 757 894 was significantly associated with days to flowering and/or 100-seed weight. Tts candidate genes, VrLFR, a homolog of LFR in Arabidopsis, and verified by real-time PCR and haplotype analysis and found to be negatively correlated and differentially expressed in large- and small-seeded accessions. Finally, VrLFRH1 overexpression lines increased seed-size-related traits and promoted early flowering in transgenic Arabidopsis compared to Col-0. The p35S::VrLFR lines recovered the phenotype of lfr mutants. VrLFR was shown to be available for early maturing and high yielding breeding. Moreover, 100-seed weight showed a subtle positive correlative trend with isovitexin content (r = 0.385, P = 0.092). These findings establish a solid experimental foundation for anti-inflammatory studies on mungbean and provide a theoretical basis for its high-yield and high-quality molecular breeding.

Background/Objectives: Salinity stress limits agricultural production and threatens global food security. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an important legume crop, and identifying salt-stress-responsive genes may support an improvement in salt response. This study aimed to identify intronless genes in faba bean, screen candidate genes associated with salt-stress responses, and develop a KASP marker for salt-response evaluation. Methods: Intronless genes were identified from the faba bean reference genome. Transcriptome analysis was conducted in roots and leaves of two cultivars, Sucan 4 and Yundou 1183, under 150 mM NaCl treatment and control conditions. Candidate genes were examined by expression analysis, functional annotation, PPI prediction, and a luciferase complementation assay. A KASP marker was developed from an SNP within the VfERF1A locus and tested in 97 accessions. Results: A total of 7581 intronless genes were identified, accounting for 20.69% of annotated genes. Fifteen intronless genes were significantly differentially expressed in both roots and leaves of the two cultivars under salt treatment. Functional annotation suggested that VfERF1A and VfHSP17.8 may be involved in salt-stress responses. PPI prediction and the LUC assay provided preliminary support for a possible association of VfERF1A with VfEIN2. The VfERF1A-based KASP marker showed clear genotype clustering, and the two homozygous classes differed significantly in QYmax, relative shoot fresh weight, and relative plant height under salt treatment (p < 0.05). The preliminary predictive accuracy for QYmax was 86.36%. Conclusions: These results provide a genome-wide resource of intronless genes in faba bean, identify candidate genes associated with salt-stress responses, and describe a preliminary KASP marker associated with salt-response traits. Further validation in independent populations, under diverse environmental conditions, and with additional functional evidence is still required.

The vernalization-responsive intronless gene in faba bean, VfERF017, functions as a flowering repressor, and its KASP marker enables early flowering selection with 83.15

Soil salinization severely impairs mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) seedling uniformity and productivity. In this study, genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using a natural population of 374 mungbean accessions and 4,875,143 SNPs. By evaluating the population under two independent environments and applying two statistical models, we identified a significant SNP (Chr01_26769549) associated with relative germination traits under salt stress. Based on this locus, a Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) marker was successfully developed for marker assisted selection. Integrated haplotype and expression analyses confirmed polygalacturonase gene VrPG1 as a key candidate gene regulating salt tolerance during seed germination. Two haplotypes of VrPG1 (Hap1/Hap2) were identified, with a mutation in the Hap1 promoter region enhancing its transcriptional activity. Overexpression of VrPG1 in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly increased germination rates under salt stress by promoting endosperm cell wall softening. Salt-tolerant mungbean varieties exhibit higher polygalacturonase activity and earlier loosening of thin-walled cell walls during the germination period, which promotes seed imbibition and radicle emergence. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that VrPG1 enhances salt tolerance during germination through cell wall remodeling. This study provides novel genetic targets and efficient marker-assisted selection tools for breeding salt-tolerant mungbean. This study provides novel genetic targets and efficient marker-assisted selection tools for breeding salt-tolerant mungbean varieties.

Food legume crops, including common bean, faba bean, mungbean, cowpea, chickpea, and pea, have long served as vital sources of energy, protein, and minerals worldwide, both as grains and vegetables. Advancements in high-throughput phenotyping, next-generation sequencing, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have significantly expanded genomic resources for food legumes, ushering research into the panomics era. Despite their nutritional and agronomic importance, food legumes still face constraints in yield potential and genetic improvement due to limited genomic resources, complex inheritance patterns, and insufficient exploration of key traits, such as quality and stress resistance. This highlights the need for continued efforts to comprehensively dissect the phenome, genome, and regulome of these crops. This review summarizes recent advances in technological innovations and multi-omics applications in food legumes research and improvement. Given the critical role of germplasm resources and the challenges in applying phenomics to food legumes-such as complex trait architecture and limited standardized methodologies-we first address these foundational areas. We then discuss recent gene discoveries associated with yield stability, seed composition, and stress tolerance and their potential as breeding targets. Considering the growing role of genetic engineering, we provide an update on gene-editing applications in legumes, particularly CRISPR-based approaches for trait enhancement. We advocate for integrating chemical and biochemical signatures of cells ('molecular phenomics') with genetic mapping to accelerate gene discovery. We anticipate that combining panomics approaches with advanced breeding technologies will accelerate genetic gains in food legumes, enhancing their productivity, resilience, and contribution to sustainable global food security.

The number of pods per plant (PP) is strongly correlated with seed yield, and identifying genes that regulate PP could enhance the yield of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek), providing valuable insights for molecular breeding. In this study, VrKNAT6 was identified through genome-wide association and multiomics analyses. Chr3-14344673 (P=3.02E-10~8.80E-07) was found to be significantly associated with PP using EMMAX, CMLM, GEMMA, GLM, and 3VmrMLM. Among the 12 genes located within a 100 kb region near Chr3-14344673 on chromosome 3, EVM0027029 (VrKNAT6) is homologous to known PP development-related genes in Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of VrKNAT6H1 significantly increased rosette numbers, branch numbers, PP, and the 1,000-seed weight in transgenic Arabidopsis lines. Furthermore, when overexpressed in mung bean hairy roots and Arabidopsis, VrKNAT6H1 was found to participate in jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis through physical interaction with VrATH1. This interaction partly explains the differences in branch numbers between VrKNAT6H1-overexpressing Arabidopsis lines and the control. Additionally, the expression of JA synthetase-related genes was significantly elevated in the positive VrKNAT6H1 lines. Based on the multiomics analysis results, we propose a molecular regulatory mechanism for VrKNAT6H1, suggesting that it is a JA synthesis-related gene that could be utilized in mung bean high-yield molecular breeding.

Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. (Wilczek)) is an important food legume crop. The utilization of heterosis based on male sterile lines can help increase mungbean yields, yet genetic studies on mungbean male sterility are rare. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the male sterility genes in mungbean. In this study, a no-pollen male sterile mutant vrnpms (Vigna radiata no pollen male sterility) was identified in mungbean. Gene mapping was conducted using F2 populations derived from the cross between vrnpms and V2709. The gene controlling the male sterility was mapped to a 426.65 kb region on chromosome 6. A candidate gene VrMYB80 (EVM0016947), encoding a protein homologous to MYB80 transcription factors, exhibits a 52-kb deletion in vrnpms, resulting in a truncated protein lacking the C’-terminus. A molecular marker linked to the male sterility phenotype was developed based on the deletion in vrnpms. Functional complementation in Arabidopsis demonstrated that VrMYB80 could restore fertility in the myb80 mutant. Subcellular localization showed that VrMYB80 was located in the nucleus. Transcriptional activation assays revealed that the C’-terminus of VrMYB80 was the transcriptional activation domain. The result of in-situ hybridization indicated that VrMYB80 is expressed in the anther tapetum. The expression level of downstream VrMS1 was down regulated in vrnpms, indicating that Vrmyb80 with the truncated C’-terminal transcriptional activation domain failed to activate downstream genes, which was the reason of sterility of vrnpms. The findings of this study contribute to unraveling the molecular genetic mechanism underlying pollen development in legume crops and pave the way for utilizing heterosis in mungbean.

The TATA-box binding protein (TBP) and TBP-associated factors (TAFs) constitute the transcription factor IID (TFIID), a crucial component of RNA polymerase II, essential for transcription initiation and regulation. Several TFIID subunits are shared with the Spt–Ada–Gcn5–acetyltransferase (SAGA) coactivator complex. Recent research has revealed the roles of TBP and TAFs in organogenesis and stress adaptation. In this study, we identified 1 TBP and 21 putative TAFs in the mungbean genome, among which VrTAF5, VrTAF6, VrTAF8, VrTAF9, VrTAF14, and VrTAF15 have paralogous genes. Their potential involvement in abiotic stress responses was also investigated here, including high salinity, water deficit, heat, and cold. The findings indicated that distinct genes exerted predominant influences in the response to different abiotic stresses through potentially unique mechanisms. Specifically, under salt stress, VrTBP, VrTAF2, and VrTAF15–1 were strongly induced, while VrTAF10, VrTAF11, and VrTAF13 acted as negative regulators. In the case of water-deficit stress, it was likely that VrTAF1, VrTAF2, VrTAF5–2, VrTAF9, and VrTAF15–1 were primarily involved. Additionally, in response to changes in ambient temperature, it was possible that genes such as VrTAF5–1, VrTAF6–1, VrTAF9–2, VrTAF10, VrTAF13, VrTAF14b–2, and VrTAF15–1 might play a dominant role. This comprehensive exploration of VrTBP and VrTAFs can offer a new perspective on understanding plant stress responses and provide valuable insights into breeding improvement.

Faba bean is an important legume crop consumed as a vegetable or snack food, and its green cotyledons could present an attractive color for consumers. A mutation in SGR causes stay-green in plants. In this study, vfsgr was identified from a green-cotyledon-mutant faba bean, SNB7, by homologous blast between the SGR of pea and the transcriptome of faba bean. Sequence analysis revealed that a SNP at position 513 of the CDS of VfSGR caused a pre-stop codon, resulting in a shorter protein in the green-cotyledon faba bean SNB7. A dCaps marker was developed according to the SNP that caused the pre-stop, and this marker was completely associated with the color of the cotyledon of faba bean. SNB7 stayed green during dark treatment, while the expression level of VfSGR increased during dark-induced senescence in the yellow-cotyledon faba bean HST. Transient expression of VfSGR in Nicotiana. benthamiana leaves resulted in chlorophyll degradation. These results indicate that vfsgr is the gene responsible for the stay-green of faba bean, and the dCaps marker developed in this study provides a molecular tool for the breeding of green-cotyledon faba beans.

WRKY-, PHD-, and MYB-like proteins are three important types of transcription factors in mungbeans, and play an important role in development and stress resistance. The genes’ structures and characteristics were clearly reported and were shown to contain the conservative WRKYGQK heptapeptide sequence, Cys4-His-cys3 zinc binding motif, and HTH (helix) tryptophan cluster W structure, respectively. Knowledge on the response of these genes to salt stress is largely unknown. To address this issue, 83 VrWRKYs, 47 VrPHDs, and 149 VrMYBs were identified by using comparative genomics, transcriptomics, and molecular biology methods in mungbeans. An intraspecific synteny analysis revealed that the three gene families had strong co-linearity and an interspecies synteny analysis showed that mungbean and Arabidopsis were relatively close in genetic relationship. Moreover, 20, 10, and 20 genes showed significantly different expression levels after 15 days of salt treatment (p < 0.05; Log2 FC > 0.5), respectively. Additionally, in the qRT-PCR analysis, VrPHD14 had varying degrees of response to NaCl and PEG treatments after 12 h. VrWRKY49 was upregulated by ABA treatment, especially in the beginning (within 24 h). VrMYB96 was significantly upregulated in the early stages of ABA, NaCl, and PEG stress treatments (during the first 4 h). VrWRKY38 was significantly upregulated by ABA and NaCl treatments, but downregulated by PEG treatment. We also constructed a gene network centered on the seven DEGs under NaCl treatment; the results showed that VrWRKY38 was in the center of the PPI network and most of the homologous Arabidopsis genes of the interacted genes were reported to have response to biological stress. Candidate genes identified in this study provide abundant gene resources for the study of salt tolerance in mungbeans.

YUCCA, belonging to the class B flavin-dependent monooxygenases, catalyzes the rate-limiting step for endogenous auxin synthesis and is implicated in plant-growth regulation and stress response. Systematic analysis of the YUCCA gene family and its stress response benefits the dissection of regulation mechanisms and breeding applications. In this study, 12 YUCCA genes were identified from the mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) genome and were named based on their similarity to AtYUCCAs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 12 VrYUCCAs could be divided into 4 subfamilies. The evidence from enzymatic assays in vitro and transgenetic Arabidopsis in vivo indicated that all the isolated VrYUCCAs had biological activity in response to IAA synthesis. Expression pattern analysis showed that functional redundancy and divergence existed in the VrYUCCA gene family. Four VrYUCCAs were expressed in most tissues, and five VrYUCCAs were specifically highly expressed in the floral organs. The response toward five stresses, namely, auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA), salinity, drought, high temperatures, and cold, was also investigated here. Five VrYUCCAs responded to IAA in the root, while only VrYUCCA8a was induced in the leaf. VrYUCCA2a, VrYUCCA6a, VrYUCCA8a, VrYUCCA8b, and VrYUCCA10 seemed to dominate under abiotic stresses, due to their sensitivity to the other four treatments. However, the response modes of the VrYUCCAs varied, indicating that they may regulate different stresses in distinct ways to finely adjust IAA content. The comprehensive analysis of the VrYUCCAs in this study lays a solid foundation for further investigation of VrYUCCA genes' mechanisms and applications in breeding.

蚕豆(Vicia faba L.)是我国重要的食用豆作物,在我国南方为秋播作物,主要生产大粒鲜食型蚕豆,对该地区蚕豆资源进行粒型性状关联分析,发掘与其关联的分子标记,有助于鲜食型蚕豆分子标记辅助育种.本研究以90份秋播区蚕豆资源为材料,于2019年和2020年对其粒型性状进行了表型鉴定;采用67对多态性的SSR标记对群体进行基因型鉴定,共扩增出278个等位变异,平均等位基因数目为4.1,聚类分析将该资源分成3大类,其中粒长、粒宽和百粒重3个性状值较大的品种主要分布在A类群.在群体结构分析的基础上,利用TASSEL软件的MLM(Q+K)模型分析了 67个SSR标记与粒型性状的相关性,通过关联分析共检测到50个与粒型性状显著相关联的分子标记(P＜0.001),其中有29个标记P值小于0.0001.在多年多点的分析中,ICS48和ICS455同时与粒宽和粒重显著关联.根据关联分子标记的稳定性和贡献率,得到3个与粒型相关的优势等位位点:ICS48-H1、ICS51-H1以及ICS455-H3(P＜0.0001;r2＞18％).本研究将有助于我国秋播区蚕豆的分子标记辅助选择和分子设计育种.

Heterosis has been utilized in crops for a long time, and although crop fertility is the basis for the utilization of heterosis, there is limited information concerning the genic male sterility (GMS) of mungbean. Therefore, based on the genic male sterile mutant, M1, obtained by EMS mutagenesis of the Weilyu cultivar, this project used multi-omics analysis to detect the male sterile site and further identify its candidate gene, and then the mechanism of the candidate gene was discussed. As a result, one locus region (Chr5: 6,835,001–6,935,000 bp) associated with GMS was identified, and nine genes were found within the 100 Kb region. The candidate gene, VrCYCA1, around the above loci had a TATA box deletion approximately 4.7 Kb upstream of the gene, and this was evidenced by comparative genomics, transcriptome analysis, and RT-qPCR analysis. The expression level of VrCYCA1 was significantly downregulated (log2FC = −2.06, p-value = 0.025) in the ms lines compared with the control group. Moreover, 6653 genes showed differential expression between the Weilyu lines and mutant lines as well as 165 metabolites with significant differences in their concentration levels. Among those differentially expresses genes, 226 were annotated with functional categories involved in flowering and endosperm development, and six genes had protein–protein interactions with VrCYCA1. Seven categories of metabolites and seven genes participated in the relationship between reproductive growth and vegetative growth, which might have caused the sterility of mungbean in the mutant plants. This study used multi-omics data to mine a mungbean GMS-related gene, VrCYCA1, and constructed a GMS genetic network to explore the molecular mechanism of VrCYCA1. The results lay a solid foundation for further molecular biology research and utilization in mungbean male sterility.

Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) is an important legume crop of Asia. Salt concentrations typically causes major yield reductions in mungbean. Although the biochemical and genetic basis of salt tolerance-related gene are well studied in Arabidopsis and soybean, limited information concerning the salt tolerance-related genes in mungbean. To address this issue, we mined salt tolerance related genes using the survival rate trait and 160,1405 SNPs in 112 mungbean accessions. As a result, VrFRO8 significantly associated with salt-stress were identified in the GWAS analysis. The candidate gene VrFRO8 was evidenced by comparative genomics, transcriptome and RT-qPCR analysis. The expression level of VrFRO8 was significantly up-regulated (P-value = 0.001) after salt treatment compared with the control group. Moreover, 188 genes and 158 transcription factors related to salt-stress signal transduction pathway were mined, and 18 genes (18/188) had higher expression level in the salt-tolerant varieties than salt-sensitive varieties. And, the function of VrFRO8 was predicted in mungbean, the protein interaction between VrFRO8 and seven related-genes were found by molecular structure analysis. VrFRO8 might reduce SOD contents by influence Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio under the damage of salt stress. This study used multi-omics data to mine a key genes significantly associated with salt tolerance, and constructed a VrFRO8-related PPI network for salt tolerance, which would lay a solid foundation for further molecular biology research of VrFRO8 and mungbean breeding.

Although mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) is an important legume crop, its seed yield is relatively low. To address this issue, here 196 accessions with 3,607,508 SNP markers were used to identify quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs), QTN-by-environment interactions (QEIs), and their candidate genes for seed length (SL), seed width, and 100-seed weight (HSW) in two environments. As a result, 98 QTNs and 20 QEIs were identified using 3VmrMLM, while 95, >10,000, and 15 QTNs were identified using EMMAX, GEMMA, and CMLM, respectively. Among 809 genes around these QTNs, 12 were homologous to known seed-development genes in rice and Arabidopsis thaliana, in which 10, 2, 1, and 0 genes were found, respectively, by the above four methods to be associated with the three traits, such as VrEmp24/25 for SL and VrKIX8 for HSW. Eight of the 12 genes were significantly differentially expressed between two large-seed and two small-seed accessions, and VrKIX8, VrPAT14, VrEmp24/25, VrIAR1, VrBEE3, VrSUC4, and Vrflo2 were further verified by RT-qPCR. Among 65 genes around these QEIs, VrFATB, VrGSO1, VrLACS2, and VrPAT14 were homologous to known seed-development genes in A. thaliana, although new experiments are necessary to explore these novel GEI-trait associations. In addition, 54 genes were identified in comparative genomics analysis to be associated with seed development pathway, in which VrKIX8, VrABA2, VrABI5, VrSHB1, and VrIKU2 were also identified in genome-wide association studies. This result provided a reliable approach for identifying seed-size-related genes in mungbean and a solid foundation for further molecular biology research on seed-size-related genes.

Mung bean is vulnerable to bruchids (Callosobruchus spp.), resulting in low quality and losses worldwide. Developing resistant cultivars is the most effective, economical, and eco-friendly way to protect mung bean seeds from the damage of bruchids. Previously, we identified two gene loci that are tightly linked with bruchid resistance, which makes new cultivar development possible using molecular assisted selection (MAS). In the present study, marker-assisted backcross (MABC) breeding was employed to introgress the bruchid resistance gene VrPGIP2 locus from the donor parent V2802 into a popular cultivar, Kamphaeng Saen 1. Markers VrBR-SSR013 and DMB-SSR158 were used for foreground selection, and phenotypic selection was used for background selection. Three advanced inbred lines (R67-11, R67-22, and R92-15) carrying the resistance gene VrPGIP2 were developed from the BC3F6 population. Further analysis showed that the line R67-22 performed best; it was highly resistant to bruchids and showed excellent agronomic traits in the field. Therefore, R67-22 could be further evaluated in large-scale trials for release as a variety.

为探究绿豆抗、感品种在叶斑病发病期的生理生化响应差异以及开发病害早期检测技术,以绿豆抗病品种'V4718'和感病品种'V1197'为材料,分析了两个品种在接种变灰尾孢菌后叶片的叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及叶绿素荧光参数的变化,并基于叶绿素荧光参数变化利用3种算法模型对发病早期叶片(接种后1 d、2 d、3 d)与健康叶片进行分类.结果表明:两个绿豆品种叶片的MDA含量、POD和SOD活性均有所上升,但'V4718'叶片的MDA含量在接种后第4天和第6天显著低于'V1197','V4718'叶片的POD活性升高较快;两个品种叶片的相对叶绿素含量与叶绿素荧光参数均有所下降,但在接种第4天和第6天时'V4718'的各参数值显著高于'V1197';分类准确率随着接种时间的延长而提高,最高分类准确率为98.40％.本试验可为进一步探索绿豆的抗病机理研究奠定基础,并为绿豆叶斑病的早期检测提供新思路.