Представлено оригінальну модель повного пересічення зорового нерва кроля в інтракраніальному відділі. Вивчено повноту пересічення, можливість застосування негайної імплантації в зону травми нерва синтетичного макропористого гідрогелю. Проаналізовані альтернативні варіанти нейрохірургічних доступів для пересічення зорового нерва з точки зору показників смертності тварин у ранньому післяопераційному періоді.

Morphological and functional features of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal system (GPAS) in case of severe TBI were studied on the basis of 30 forensic postmortem examinations (during various terms of the acute stage). Typical links of structural and pathogenesis alterations in GPAS organs, and in the dynamics of structural and functional changes in severe TBI cases were established.

Results of diagnostic and hystologic investigation at 37 patients with tumors of brain lateral ventricles and septum pellucidum are given. All patients have been operated, the tumor was removed at 92% of them. After surgery general condition was improved at 92% patients. After total resection of anaplastic astrocytoma 1 adult patient died. Adjuvant therapy were applied after surgery at 28 patients. The degree of tumor resection affects prognosis directly.

Results of diagnostic and hystologic investigation at 37 patients with tumors of brain lateral ventricles and septum pellucidum are given. All patients have been operated, the tumor was removed at 92% of them. After surgery general condition was improved at 92% patients. After total resection of anaplastic astrocytoma 1 adult patient died. Adjuvant therapy were applied after surgery at 28 patients. The degree of tumor resection affects prognosis directly.

Pub lic da ta base of Se rial Anal y sis of Gene Ex pres sion (SAGE) was used for iden ti fi ca tion of po ten tial hu man astrocytic glioma mo lec u lar mark ers.The com par i son of nine glioblastoma SAGE li brar ies, eleven anaplastic astrocytoma SAGE li brar ies, eight dif fu sive astrocytoma SAGE li brar ies, and five nor mal hu man brain SAGE li brar ies re vealed 57 genes with more than 5 fold in crease of ex pres sion in astrocytic gliomas (P#0.05)com par ing to the nor mal hu man brain.Be sides the genes ex pres sion changes which oc cur at the early stage of astrocytomas for ma tions and are re vealed also dur ing the sub se quent stages of pro gres sion, some changes are char ac ter is tic only of highly ma lig nant stages of tu mor de vel op ment while they are ab sent in the tu mors of low stage of ma lig nancy.The anal y sis of re vealed genes ex pres sion can be used for glial tu mor mo lec u lar clas si fi ca tion, di ag no sis, prog nos tic eval u a tion and de ter mi na tion of po ten tial tar gets for anticancer therapy.

The microtopography of the brain stem tumors peculiarities are considered on a material of autopsy in 20 children died because of tumors of various histogenesis and of localization

435 patients with intracranial extracerebral tumors were surveyed. Among them 299 were with subtentorial and 136 — with supratentorial tumors. Principal causes of a brain edema after operation were analyzed: main vessels blockade, intracerebral bleedings, nonradical tumor removal, big hemorrhage. Methods of brain edema prophylaxis and therapy: the trunk upper part raised position, hyperventilation, osmotic diuretics applying, glucocorticoids, medical hypothermia, blood ultrafiltration, surgical interventions.It is necessary to normalize blood rheological properties to support optimum arterial pressure, parameters of hemodynamic and gas exchange.

The microtopography of the brain stem tumors peculiarities are considered on a material of autopsy in 20 children died because of tumors of various histogenesis and of localization.

Розглянуті особливості топографії артеріальних аневризм (АА) переднього півкола артеріального кола великого мозку (АКВМ) у співставленні з варіантами ходу, розгалуження та анастомозування його судин на основі порівняння результатів анатомічних та ангіографічних досліджень. Отримані дані можуть бути використані нейрохірургами під час визначення тактики та методу оперативного втручання з приводу АА головного мозку.

The peculiarities of anterior semicircular of the arterial circle of Willis saccular aneurysms’ topography in comparison with variants of path, branching and cerebral vessels anastomosing based on results of anatomic and angiographical investigation are presented. These datas could be used by neurosurgeons for determination of approach, methods and surgical management in patients with saccular aneurysms of this region.

The last international classification (WHO) of tumors of the central nervous system with corresponding comments is presented.

The importance of cranium bones fractures is determined in medicolegal examination (МLE), using the special information system "Expert — CCT", into which database of 27 206 supervision (f.074/o) with cranio-cerebral trauma (CCT) were entered. The CCT treatment outcomes depend on cranium bones fractures, investigated on 2697 case reports (f.033/o). There was a cranium fracture in 1084 (40,2%) cases. The mortality at CCT with the isolated fornix or cranium basis fracture authentically did not differ from number of fatal outcomes at brain bruises in average and heavy degree without cranium fracture. The combination of fornix and cranium basis bones fractures caused to mortality outcomes in most cases and more often, than isolated fractures, that could serve as authentic acknowledgement for MLE of CCT severity with attributes, danger for life. The isolated fornix or cranium basis bones fracture did not influence on a trauma outcome and in studied cases the degree of CCT severity at MLE realization should be estimated on character and severity of traumatic brain substance injuries. These offers should be taken into account, while developing new edition of the Ministry of public health of Ukraine Order on improving MLE of a CCT.