Enhanced magneto-electrical (ME) properties of BiFeO3 multiferroics are attained by the modification of structural morphology that is essential for the possible applications in multifunctional devices like miniaturization. This study focused on the improvement of the magnetic and dielectric properties in an ideal BiFeO3 achieved by the gradually substitution of Eu3+in place of Fe3+ (B-site) with slight addition of La3+ replacing Bi3+ (A-Site). In this regards the composition Bi0.9La0.1Fe1-xEuxO3 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.07, 0.10 and 0.15) were synthesized by solid state reaction method. XRD patterns indicate the samples crystallize with the normal distorted rhombohedral phase (R3c space group) and oxygen vacancies are significantly suppressed by the increase of Eu3+ amount. The lowest porosity (1.9%) is observed in the sample for x = 0.07. The crystallite sizes are increased due to 15% Eu doping. The average size of the grains are observed to be increased in the micrograph for Eu doping compared to the undoped one. The strongest absorbance peak around 560 cm-1 in FTIR spectroscopy for all the samples confirm the octahedral FeO6 bonding while a pair of feeble peaks around 370 cm-1 and 440 cm-1 confirm the existence of BiO6 octahedral phase adjacent with FeO6 group. The magnetic saturation (Ms) is 0.89 emu/g for the undoped Bi0.9La0.1FeO3 and Ms increases for Eu3+ substitution at the Fe-site of the compound. The maximum Ms (1.58 emu/g) is observed in the sample for x = 0.07. The permeability (mu) and permittivity (epsilon) are highly affected by the reformed structure with various grain sizes and porosities (%) which have been reported in this work. The composition for 7% Eu3+ doping shows an excellent matching between mu' and epsilon' (mu'/epsilon'=0.9) with lower magnetic loss (tan delta mu = 0.0133) over the frequency range from 1 MHz to 100 MHz.

OBJECTIVE Trastuzumab is an HER-2 targeted humanized monoclonal antibody that significantly improves metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer therapeutic outcomes. This study compares trastuzumab outcomes between two age cohorts in the Kuwait Cancer Control Centre (KCCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS In a prospective comparative observational study, 93 HER-2 positive breast cancer patients undergoing different chemotherapy protocols + trastuzumab between April 2016 and April 2019 were included and divided into two cohorts based on their age (<60 and ≥60 years old). The individual decline in the LVEF from the baseline was calculated and compared between the two age cohorts. Logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate the association between age, comorbidities, BMI, anthracycline treatment, and baseline LVEF value, and trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity after adjustments made for the disease stage. RESULTS The median baseline LVEF was 65% in both age cohorts (IQR 8% and 9% for older and younger patients, respectively). Whereas the median LVEF post-trastuzumab treatment was 51% and 55% in older and younger patients, respectively (IQR 8%; p-value = 0.22), even though older patients had significantly lower exposure to anthracyclines compared to younger patients (60% and 84.1%, respectively; p-value <0.001). 86.7% and 55.6% of older and younger patients, respectively, developed ≥10% decline in their LVEF from the baseline. Statistically, age was the only factor that significantly correlated with developing ≥10% decline in the LVEF (OR 4; p-value <0.012). CONCLUSIONS Breast cancer patients aged 60 years and above in Kuwait were at a 4-fold higher risk of developing ≥10% decline in their LVEF from the baseline value compared to younger patients during trastuzumab treatment. Previous exposure to anthracyclines and comorbidities were not associated with a significantly increased cardiotoxicity risk in this study.

mTOR signalling pathways entailed in the pathophysiology of various neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s, Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia etc. mTOR controls cell growth and also involve in the metabolism in cellular energy, nutrients and growth factors. Growing evidences highlight that alteration in mTOR signaling can affect various pathways such as energy production, glucose metabolism, cell growth and mitochondrial function. Deregulation of mTOR contributes in the development of several neurodegenerative disorders. Targeting mTOR in brain may propose new area for drug development; still more studies are needed to understand mTOR signaling which direct of various signals involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. This review discussed the regulation of mTOR signaling in brain.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic disease globally. This extraordinary situation is posing an enormous burden on the healthcare systems worldwide and is reshaping the way in which chronic disorders are managed. Pandemic has made epilepsy care even more demanding in rural part of developing countries. We outline the adverse circumstances in epilepsy care induced by the pandemic; propose emergency management and follow up care of people with epilepsy. There is a requirement for public health systems in resource poor countries to improve awareness, implement proper strategies of triage, acute treatment, telemedicine services and virtual check-ins.

In recent times, wind power is increasingly being integrated in the existing power system network for well-known reasons, but due to unpredictable variations in wind speed, the load frequency control (LFC) of such power systems becomes a difficult task. This paper addresses the problem of LFC of a multi-source hydrothermal nonlinear power system having wind power penetration. Differential evolution (DE) algorithm has been used to optimally tune the proportional, integral and derivative controller used for LFC in the power system subjected to fluctuations of wind power and load. The reheat and generation rate constraints nonlinearities have been considered appropriately for both areas. Besides, the impact of thyristor-controlled phase shifter (TCPS) and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) on the LFC performance has been analyzed with the parameters of TCPS and SMES being tuned using DE algorithm. The system has been investigated for various operating conditions including the weak grid condition to establish the effectiveness of the proposed approach for wide variations in system conditions. The performance is analyzed and discussed in respect of frequency and tie-line power deviations, peak overshoot, settling time, and value of performance index. Further, robustness of the system is investigated by varying the system parameters from − 50 to + 50% in steps of 25% and step load disturbance from 1 to 20% in steps of 5%. Modeling and simulations are carried out using MATLAB/Simulink® to demonstrate the effectiveness of the DE algorithm.

Background:In recent times there has been an increasing trend towards surgical intervention in paediatric femoral shaft fractures with widening indications. Titanium elastic nails and external fixation are two widely practiced procedures for such fractures.Materials & Methods:We report a series of 48 children with 52 fractured femurs, 18 being managed by TENS and 34 in a linear external fixator. Children were aged between 3.5 to 12 years and the fractures were stabilised after an optimal closed reduction on a normal theatre table under image intensifier control. Fracture site distribution was nearly uniform in both the groups. Though most children were assigned to any of the groups at random, external fixators were applied on many younger children and those having financial constraints.Results:The average age of children in the TENS group was 7.4 years and the average fracture healing time was 9.4 weeks. In the ex-fix group the figures were 5.6 years and 8.6 weeks respectively. Fixators were removed when ...

Budget impact evaluation is a widely used tool in pharmacoeconomic analysis. In the absence of guidelines, different measures are used to report budget impacts. Some report only the absolute impact while others report as a percentage/fraction impact; where the latter, there is variability on the choice of base budget. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether there is consistency in reporting measures between analyses carried out by drug/technology sponsors and those carried out by academicians/independent evaluators, and examine likely bias. Budget impact studies presented in ISPOR's recent meetings were analyzed, and were grouped into whether these were carried out by drug/technology sponsors (Group-1) or independent evaluators (Group-2). These were then bucketed into one of the following based on the key reporting measure used: 1) absolute difference, 2) per patient utilizing the drug/technology, 3) per disease-prevalent plan population, and 4) per overall plan population. Of the 255 studies analyzed, a third in both Group-1 (n=193) and Group-2 (n=62) showed an incremental budget impact, while the remaining showed savings. When reporting an increased budget, as many as 60% of Group-1 chose the largest base (per plan population) versus only 22% of Group-2. In contrast, 15% were reported only in absolute terms by Group-1 versus 61% of Group-2. When reporting savings however, there was little difference between the groups – 51% and 46% respectively reported absolute savings. The choice of reporting measures was inconsistent, and appeared to be biased by the nature of the evaluators. Within Group-1, the measures were chosen to amplify (in case of savings) or understate (in case of incremental budget) the magnitude of the impact. There is good basis to put in place guidelines to standardize reporting measures, to both remove evaluator bias, and to allow decision-makers to more easily compare different evaluations.

BACKGROUND:Skin diseases in children contribute to significant morbidity and psychological distress. Infective dermatoses are one of the major dermatoses in children. Low socioeconomic status, overcrowding and poor personal hygiene has been linked to skin diseases.OBJECTIVE:To find out the prevalence of infectious skin disease in children, rate of transmissible skin disease and association of sociodemographic factors and personal hygiene on infective childhood dermatoses.METHOD:This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Pediatric and Dermatology Department, Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. A total of 226 patients were examined over a period of one year. Relation of sociodemographics, crowding and personal hygiene on skin disease were assessed.RESULT:The most common category was Infections and Infestations (51.3%) followed by Dermatitis (27.9%). Transmissible skin disease was seen in 49.6%. Low socioeconomic status and overcrowding were associated with increased risk for infective dermatoses.CONCLUSION:Skin disease in children constitutes a public health problem. Improving the socioeconomic status and personal hygiene can help to reduce the incidence of skin disease in children.

 Abstract—Background: Skin cancer is now is the buzzing button in the field of medical science. The cyst's pandemic is drastically calibrating the body and well-being of the global village. Methods: The extracted image of the skin tumor cannot be used in one way for diagnosis. The stored image contains anarchies like the center. This approach will locate the forepart of an extracted appearance of skin. Partitioning image models has been presented to sort out the disturbance in the picture. Results: After completing partitioning, feature extraction has been formed by using genetic algorithm and finally, classification can be performed between the trained and test data to evaluate a large scale of an image that helps the doctors for the right prediction. To bring the improvisation of the existing system, we have set our objectives with an analysis. The efficiency of the natural selection process and the enriching histogram is essential in that respect. To reduce the false-positive rate or output, GA is performed with its accuracy. Conclusions: The objective of this task is to bring improvisation of effectiveness. GA is accomplishing its task with perfection to bring down the invalid-positive rate or outcome. The paper's mergeable portion conflicts with the composition of deep learning and medical image processing, which provides superior accuracy. Proportional types of handling create the reusability without any errors.

Over 820,000 Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) have been trained in India through the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) since 2006. ASHAs serve as rural Community Health Workers (CHWs), focusing on preventive care-e. g., pregnancy counseling, accompanying women for delivery, and promoting immunizations and appropriate newborn care practices. ASHAs have demonstrated the potential to substantially improve maternal health outcomes in areas of extreme poverty [1]. However, recent studies show that in the majority of states, including Uttar Pradesh, ASHAs receive insufficient training and operate with minimal supervision [2]. Mobile technology is the most cost-effective and sustainable method for supplementing Community Health Worker training in developing countries by increasing access to reliable health information [3]. Ever-decreasing access costs enable even the poor to gain access and stay connected. Mobiles' reach of rural health workers harnesses the power of information communication and technology (ICT) to improve health indicators. IntraHealth International, through the Manthan Project, has developed and tested mSakhi or "mobile friend," which is a multimedia interpersonal communication tutorial application designed to improve ASHA's knowledge in critical maternal newborn health (MNH) issues through access to health messages that aid in retention of maternal and newborn care practices. As a counseling tool for effective interpersonal communication (IPC) it likewise serves to increase household (beneficiary) knowledge, understanding, and retention of maternal and newborn care practices and behaviors. Preliminary results from mSakhi implementation with frontline health workers are very encouraging: even first-time mobile users echo strong views on ease of use and readily available and timely access to valid content.

In this paper, the shortcomings and limitations of some existing methods for solving fuzzy transportation problems, fuzzy transportation problems with transshipment, fuzzy solid transportation problems, and fuzzy transshipment problems are pointed out, and by combining the concept of fuzzy solid transportation problems and fuzzy transshipment problems, a new type of problems, named fuzzy solid transshipment problems, and its fuzzy linear programming formulation is proposed. Also, a new method, is proposed for solving fuzzy solid transshipment problems. The main advantage of the proposed method over existing methods is that all the fuzzy transportation problems, fuzzy transportation problems with transshipment, fuzzy solid transportation problems and fuzzy transshipment problems, which may or may not be solved by the existing methods, can be solved by the proposed method.

A field trial of 20 seed sources of Asparagus racemosus was conducted at the Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India to evaluate their performance of different economic traits. Genotypic variance, phenotypic variance, genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) for number of shoots, shoot height, shoot weight, number of roots, root length, root diameter and root weight were calculated. Maximum genotypic and phenotypic variance was observed in shoot height among the shoot — related traits and root length among the root — related traits. For the shoot height, genotypic variance, phenotypic variance, genotypic coefficient of variance, phenotypic coefficient of variance were 231.80, 3924.80, 61.26 and 1037.32, respectively, where those of the root length were 9.55, 16.80, 23.46 and 41.27, respectively. The maximum genetic advance and genetic gain were obtained for shoot height among the shoot-related traits and root length among the root-related traits. Index values were developed for all the seed sources based on the four most important traits, and Panthnagar (Uttrakhand), Jodhpur (Rajasthan), Dehradun (Uttarakhand), Chandigarh (Punjab), Jammu (Jammu and Kashmir) and Solan (Himachal Pradesh), were promising seed sources for root production.