Activation cross sections of alpha-particle-induced reactions on natMg were measured. The stacked-foil activation technique combined with high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry was adopted for the measurements. The experiment was conducted at the RIKEN AVF cyclotron. Production cross sections of 28Mg and 24,22Na were experimentally determined for alpha-particle energies up to 50 MeV. Our measured excitation functions exhibit smooth trends, although some of them show deviations from previously reported experimental data and theoretical model predictions. These results provide valuable input for nuclear medicine applications and for improving theoretical reaction models.

Excitation functions for the ^natSr(d,x) reactions producing ^86m,gY, ^87m,gY, and ^88Y were measured up to 24-MeV deuteron energy using the stacked-foil technique and gamma-ray spectrometry. The ^natSr targets were prepared using an inkjet printing method to ensure sufficient uniformity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental report of excitation functions measured using inkjet-printed targets, demonstrating the applicability of this technique to cross-section measurements. The measured cross sections were discussed in comparison with literature data and TENDL-2023 predictions. Our cross sections were generally consistent with those reported in the previous study, but were slightly higher in the threshold energy region. The TENDL-2023 library generally overestimates the experimental values. We report the experimental cross sections for the ^natSr(d,x)^86mY reaction for the first time. These measured cross sections contribute to the refinement of nuclear reaction databases for practical applications.

Technetium radioisotopes have garnered interest in medical applications. In this study, niobium-93 foils were irradiated with a 50-MeV alpha-particle beam to determine the production cross sections of technetium radioisotopes including 96g,95m,95g,94g,93m,93gTc, along with 93mMo, 95m,95g,92m,91m,90Nb, 89gZr and 88,87gY. The stacked-foil activation technique and gamma-ray spectrometry were adopted for this experiment. The results were compared with the theoretical values of TALYS based TENDL-2023 library, and the previously published experimental data. Physical thick target yields (TTY) were deduced based on the measured cross sections.

Production cross sections and thick target yields of 207Bi, 206Bi, 205Bi, 204Bi, 203Bi, and 203Pb were measured in deuteron-induced reactions on natural lead up to 24 MeV. The stacked-foil activation technique and high-resolution γ-ray spectrometry were used. The excellent agreement between the experimental thick target yields and those calculated using our measured cross sections confirms the high reliability of the present experimental data. The measured excitation functions are consistent with most previously published experimental data, resolving existing discrepancies in older literature. Furthermore, the TENDL-2025 library successfully reproduced the cross sections for 207Bi, 205Bi, 203Bi, and 203Pb, but significantly overestimated the production of 206Bi and 204Bi.

α-particle-induced reactions on natFe were studied with a special focus on possible medical radionuclides 58mCo and 55Co. Cross sections for production of 57,56Ni, 61,58m,58g,57,56,55Co, 52gFe, 56,54,52gMn, and 51Cr and thick target yields of 57,56Ni, 58g,57,56,55Co, and 54,52gMn were determined. Based on agreement between experimental yields and calculated ones using the measured cross sections, high reliability of the experimental data could be reached. The thick target yields of 58mCo and 55Co were calculated and found to be 36 GBq/C (129 MBq/μAh) and 17 MBq/C (62 kBq/μAh) at 35 MeV, respectively. The yield of 58mCo is promisingly high although that of 55Co is low through the reactions.

The influence of the secondary neutrons on measurements of alpha-particle activation cross sections below the Coulomb barrier was studied for the ^nat Pt( α ,x) ^195m Pt reaction. We characterized the secondary neutron field by using the particle transport simulation code PHITS, and estimated the ^nat Pt(n,x) ^195m Pt yields by using the characterized neutron spectra and the ^nat Pt(n,x) ^195m Pt cross sections in the JENDL-5/A library. We confirmed that the unexpectedly high ^nat Pt( α ,x) ^195m Pt cross sections below the Coulomb barrier measured by us are explained well by the ^nat Pt(n,x) ^195m Pt reaction induced by the secondary neutrons. This indicates that the secondary neutron effect is sometimes not negligible even in low energy charged-particle activation cross section measurements. We also studied the influence of the secondary light charged particles by the same approach, and confirmed that their influence is negligible.

165Er is a pure Auger-electron emitter that shows great potential for therapeutic applications in nuclear medicine. Various production methods have been described in the literature, typically involving the irradiation of erbium (Er) and holmium (Ho) targets with charged particles. This paper reports on the study of the indirect production of 165Er through the 165Ho(α,4n)165Tm reaction. Holmium foils have been irradiated with a 50 MeV alpha beam, and cross sections for producing 165,166,167,168Tm were determined using the activation method and stacked target technique, from the threshold to the maximum bombarding energy.

Theproductioncross-sectionsof117mSn,117Sb,and123mTeinα-particleinducedreactionsonⁿᵃᵗSnweremeasuredupto50MeVusingthestacked-foilactivationtechnique.Asignificantanalyticalchallengearosefromtheoverlappedpeaknearthe159keVγ-raysfromthesenuclides.Thisoverlappedpeakwasresolvedusingatime-differentialanalysisthatleveragedthedifferenthalf-lives(117Sb:2.8h,117mSn:13.6d,123mTe:119.2d).Throughγ-rayspectrometryatmultiplecoolingtimes(0.6hto144.9d),asequentialsubtractionmethodbasedontheactivationformulawasusedtodistinguishtheoverlappedpeak.Theresultingindependentcross-sectionsofthese117mSn,117Sb,and123mTeisotopes,areingoodagreementwithliteraturedata,therebyvalidatingthemethodforresolvingcomplexγ-rayinterferences

Activation cross sections for alpha-particle-induced reactions on 59Co were measured using the stacked-foil activation technique combined with high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. Production cross sections of 61, 60Cu, 61, 60g, 58g, 57, 56Co, and 54Mn were determined up to 50 MeV. The experimental results were compared with previously reported data as well as with theoretical predictions from the TENDL nuclear data library. The physical yield of the medical radionuclide 61Cu (T1/2 = 3.339 h) was derived from the measured cross sections, with a minor impurity of 60Cu (T1/2 = 23.7 min) also discussed.

The excitation function of the natSn(α,x)118Te reaction was measured up to 50 MeV using the stacked-foil activation technique and high-resolution γ-ray spectrometry. The cross sections of the co-products, 110g,111gIn, 113g,117mSn,116m,117,118m,120m,122g,124g,126gSb, and 116,117g,118,119g,119m,121g,121m,123mTe, were also determined. Based on the measured cross section, the physical thick target yields of 118Te, 119g,mTe, 121g,mTe, and 123mTe were deduced.

Activation cross sections for 7Li-induced reactions on natTi were measured to discuss the suitability of selected reactions as monitor ones. The cross sections for the production of 54,52gMn, 51,49,48Cr, 48V, and 48,47,46Sc were determined for the first time. Additionally, the thick target yields of 54,52gMn, 51Cr, 48V, and 48,47,46Sc were experimentally measured and compared with the yields calculated from the measured cross sections. The agreement between the experimental and calculated thick target yields validates the reliability of the experimental data measured in this work. The 7Li-induced reactions on natTi for the production of 54,52gMn, and 51Cr are recommended as monitor reactions.

The isomeric ratios and cross sections were measured up to 50 MeV for production of ^198m,gAu, ^197m,gHg, ^195m,gHg and other Hg, Au and Pt radionuclides in irradiation of natural platinum by alpha-particles using the stacked foil activation technique and offline gamma-ray spectrometry. The simultaneous decay curve analysis was applied to the emission rates of more than 40 gamma lines to directly derive the independent cross sections of all products without determining the cumulative cross sections. The measured cross sections and isomeric ratios were compared with those compiled in the EXFOR library and simulated by TALYS-2.0. We found that the ^natPt(α,x)198g+mAu, ^197g+mHg and ^195g+mHg cross sections are fairly reproduced by the simulation, while the simulation result requires adjustment of the spin cutoff parameter for better reproduction of the isomeric ratios.

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48V is a medical radionuclide applicable for positron emission tomography (PET). It can be produced through alpha-particle-induced reactions on 45Sc. In this study, we measured the cross sections of these reactions using the stacked-foil activation technique and gamma-ray spectrometry. The measured cross sections up to 29 MeV are in good agreement with data above 22 MeV obtained in our previous study. We also calculated the physical thick target yields based on the measured cross sections. The results suggest that a projectile energy of approximately 15 MeV is optimal for achieving nearly saturated 48V production while minimizing the formation of radioactive coproducts.

The isomeric ratios of ^198 Au, ^197 Hg and ^195 Hg produced by α -particle induced reactions on natural platinum were investigated experimentally up to 29 MeV by using the standard stacked foil activation technique and γ -ray spectrometry. The isomeric ratios of ^197 Hg and ^195 Hg determined by the conventional activation cross section formula showed strong cooling time dependence. The time dependence was resolved by adjusting the isomeric transition branching ratios for the two isotopes within a simultaneous decay curve analysis framework. Our analysis suggests 94.5±0.7 ^197m Hg (24 h) and ^195m Hg (42 h), respectively. The isomeric ratios and independent production cross sections of ^198 Au, ^197 Hg, ^195 Hg and some other Hg, Au and Pt isotopes were also measured down to 6 MeV with these corrected isomeric transition branching ratios, and compared with predictions of statistical and pre-equilibrium models by TALYS-2.0 to discuss spin cutoff parameter dependence. We found the measured isomeric ratios are better predicted if we reduce the spin cutoff parameter to half or less from that estimated with the rigid body moment of inertia.

Natural rhodium foils were irradiated with 50 MeV alpha particles to determine the excitation functions for forming medically and industrially relevant radioisotopes of silver and rhodium using the stacked foil activation technique. Cross sections for producing 103,104g,105,106mAg and 100,101m,102m,gRh were determined from the thresholds to the maximum bombarding energy. The results were compared with the cross section calculations from the TENDL-2023 online database.

Production cross sections of medical radionuclides 111In, 110mIn and 109Cd were investigated in the α-particle-induced reactions on natural silver up to 50 MeV. The stacked-foil activation technique and γ-ray spectrometry were used to determine the cross sections. The excitation functions of byproducts 104g,105,106m,110mAg, 107,111mCd and 107g,108g,108m,109,110gIn were also determined. Physical yields of 111In, 110mIn and 109Cd were deduced based on the measured cross sections.

Activation cross sections of alpha-particle-induced reactions on natural rhenium were measured. The stacked-foil activation technique and high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry were used to derive the cross sections. The production cross sections of Ir-190g,Ir- 189g,Ir- 188g,Ir- 187g,Ir- 186g,Ir- 185,Ir- 184, Os-185, and Re-184g,Re- 183g were determined up to 50 MeV. The cross sections of Ir-185,Ir-184 were measured for the first time. The experimental results were compared with previous experimental data and theoretical calculations in the TENDL-2021 library.

Activation cross sections of 7Li-induced reactions on natCu were measured in order to investigate suitability of some reactions for monitoring experimental parameters. Cross sections producing 69,68Ge, 67,66Ga and 69m,65Zn were determined. Physical thick target yields were experimentally measured and compared with those calculated using the measured cross sections. The measured cross sections were verified by the agreements between the directly measured thick target yields and the thick target yields deduced from the measured cross sections. The 7Li-induced reactions on natCu for the production of 67,66Ga and 65Zn are suggested as monitor reactions.