Evening chronotype has been linked to poorer occupational functioning, yet the mechanisms through which circadian preference relates to work ability remain insufficiently understood. This study examined whether job burnout functions as a psychological pathway connecting chronotype to work ability and whether this mechanism operates similarly in day workers and employees working shifts including night work. A cross-sectional Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing (CAWI) survey was conducted among 1,293 employed adults in Poland. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and multi-group CFAs confirmed the factorial validity and full measurement invariance of all measures across both groups. Mediation models controlling for age and gender revealed a consistent mediation pattern in day and shift workers, with no significant between-group differences in path coefficients or indirect effects. Specifically, morningness was associated with lower burnout and higher work ability, burnout was strongly and negatively related to work ability, and the indirect effect of chronotype on work ability via burnout was significant, indicating partial mediation alongside a remaining direct effect. These findings demonstrate a general psychological mechanism linking chronotype to work ability that operates independently of formal shift work. The structural equivalence across groups suggests that chronotype-related vulnerability is not limited to shift work but may emerge under any rigid work schedule misaligned with individual circadian preferences. Chronotype-sensitive work arrangements and burnout-prevention strategies may therefore support sustainable work ability, particularly among employees with evening chronotypes.

BACKGROUND:This study aimed to identify distinct employee and organizational profiles influencing workplace safety behaviors (compliance and participation) using latent profile analysis (LPA), focusing on psychological need satisfaction, work performance, and organizational safety culture. MATERIAL AND METHODS:A cross-sectional survey of 1293 Polish employees across diverse sectors (industry, transportation, construction, agriculture) assessed individual factors (personal safety culture, basic psychological needs, task/contextual performance, counterproductive behaviors) and organizational factors (safety values, leadership commitment, training quality, psychosocial climate). Validated scales, including the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale at Work, Individual Work Performance Questionnaire, individual safety culture questionnaire (Kultura bezpieczeństwa jednostki), and organizational safety culture questionnaire (Kultura bezpieczeństwa zakładu), were administered via computer-assisted web interview. Separate LPAs identified employee and organizational profiles; non-parametric tests compared safety outcomes across profiles. RESULTS:Five latent profiles emerged for both employees and organizations. Employees with high basic need satisfaction, strong personal safety values, and high performance exhibited the highest safety compliance and participation. Conversely, those with unmet needs despite strong safety values showed the lowest level of safety behaviors. Organizations with holistic safety cultures (leadership commitment, tailored training, psychosocial support) achieved superior safety outcomes, while those neglecting systemic safety investments performed the poorest. CONCLUSIONS:Workplace safety behaviors are shaped by interactions between various individual and organizational variables. The study highlighted the importance of both organizational factors, such as safety climate, and individual factors, including need satisfaction, performance, and counterproductive behaviors. Med Pr Work Health Saf. 2025;76(6):435-447.

Driver attention disorders due to using a phone – results of simulator and questionnaire studies There are many experimental and questionnaire studies confirming the fact that using a phone while driving a car has a negative impact on the driver's efficiency and road safety. The article provides an overview of these studies and also presents selected results of studies conducted by the Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB) on a group of drivers, which concerned situations when the driver's attention is distracted due to talking on a hands-free set and performing manual activities related to using road navigation. The results obtained may constitute the basis for developing a strategy to change drivers' attitudes and implementing actions aimed at reducing dangerous behavior on the roads. Keywords: driver attention disorders, road safety

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:The health behaviours of professional drivers, including eating habits, directly affect their health, cognitive function, and consequently, road safety. Emotional eating, i.e., the consumption of food in response to stress and emotions, poses a particular threat to this occupational group. However, despite the growing interest in drivers' health, comparative analyses between different groups of drivers in terms of eating behaviour remain scarce. Therefore, this study analyses differences in eating behaviour between urban and long-distance bus drivers and the impact of specific occupational demands on dietary choices. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Urban (N = 229) and long-distance (N = 271) bus drivers from 14 Polish provinces were surveyed using three tools: the Healthy and Unhealthy Eating Behaviours Scale (HUEBS), Salzburg Stress Eating Scale (SSES) and Salzburg Emotional Eating Scale (SEES). RESULTS:City drivers show healthier eating habits than long-distance drivers (p <.001). In stressful situations, long-distance drivers are more likely to reach for food (p =.011) and eat in response to anxiety (p =.001), despite experiencing lower levels of occupational stress. No significant differences between the driver groups were found in terms of emotional eating related to sadness, anger, and happiness. Moreover, a positive correlation was observed in the whole studied sample between unhealthy eating and stress eating (r = 0.24; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:Occupational context significantly influences bus drivers' eating behaviour, which provides a basis for targeted health-promoting interventions. Hence, the specific needs of various driver groups and the direction of further research are discussed.

OBJECTIVES:The aim of the article is to compare people working remotely and people working at the employer's premises in terms of psychosocial working conditions and mental well-being. MATERIAL AND METHODS:A longitudinal study conducted on a group of 494 people working remotely (N = 206) and those working stationary (N = 288) in 2021-2022 using the Copenhagen Working Conditions Questionnaire. RESULTS:The results of analysis of variance in the mixed design showed that some psychosocial conditions of their work (e.g., emotional work demands, demands for hiding emotions, control at work, role conflict and trust in co-workers) were assessed better by remote workers than by people working stationary. Remote workers also had better mental well-being over time than those working at the employer's premises, especially in relation to psychological strain, depression and burnout. CONCLUSIONS:The results of this study therefore suggest that remote work may be a desirable form of work from the point of view of improving psychosocial working conditions and the mental well-being of employees, and thus increase the quality of life of working people. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2025;38(2):135-50  .

Assessment of the effectiveness of comprehensive rehabilitation of persons with disabilities based on the ICF The pilot comprehensive rehabilitation program for persons with disabilities was implemented by PFRON in partnership with the Central Institute for Labor Protection – National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB) and ZUS in 2018-2023. During it, over 600 participants underwent several months of comprehensive rehabilitation in four centers. In the developed model, the main diagnostic tool that enabled various groups of specialists to cooperate in various areas of impact was the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Many participants achieved their intended goal – they undertook professional activity tailored to their capabilities, needs and preferences. A large number of people became active, improved their mental and physical well-being and gained knowledge that they can use in their future work. This article presents selected results of the assessment of the effectiveness of rehabilitation impacts, which is the difference between the final and initial research results in various categories of the ICF classification. Keywords: comprehensive rehabilitation, ICF

Questionnaire for subjective assessment of working conditions on vessels Shipping and fishing are among the sectors of the economy which are characterised by particularly extreme environmental conditions and, as a consequence, ship crews belong to the group of workers whose health and lives are particularly vulnerable. In addition, they are a specific occupational group – for a significant part of the year, the vessel is not only their working environment, but also their living environment. This is one of the two main sources of job dissatisfaction for this professional group. The second source of this dissatisfaction is working conditions, and therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the factors present in this specific working environment is important in regard of a reliable assessment of the occupational exposure of workers employed on ships. It should take into account both those physical factors which are generally considered to be of great concern, such as noise, mechanical vibrations, lighting, electromagnetic fields, changing climatic conditions, but also psychosocial working conditions, which also have a significant impact on the well-being and ability to work, as well as the safety and health of workers, including their quality of life. The article presents an survey questionnaire for the subjective assessment of working conditions on vessels, developed at the Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute. Keywords: vessel, survey questionnaire, working conditions

The aim of the study was to define whether changes in psychophysical performance will occur after the exposure to light of a specific color during the early afternoon decrease in work capacity. The evaluation of psychophysical performance was carried out on a group of 50 subjects using the following tools: Grandjean Scale, Attention and Perceptiveness Test (TUS), and GONOGO test. The study was performed for exposure to reference light, white light enriched by blue light (WBL), and white light enriched by red light (WRL). The analysis of psychophysical performance results indicates the positive influence of a specific color of light on different factors of psychophysical performance. Exposure to WRL among participants from the 22–34 subgroup contributed to an increase in the number of correct tests and the speed of work as well as a decrease in the number of mistakes, less boredom, and higher performance. The exposure to WBL among participants from the 55+ subgroup decreased the number of mistakes and reduced the response time. The results are consistent with the outcomes of previous research carried out on an international level, confirming that blue and red light are effective at increasing psychophysical performance. It was demonstrated that the psychophysical performance increases also when blue or red light is a significant component in the spectrum of white light.

Zafer Adiguzel Muzaffar Asad łukasz Baka Marcin Biernacki Scott P. Breloff Erkan Cakir Jasmina Chaloska Alireza Choobineh Jun Deng Marek Dźwiarek Katarzyna Gadomska-Lila Agnieszka Gajek Juan Gómez-Salgado Jun Guo Youngcheol Kang łukasz Kapica Gourab Kar Tatiana Karkoszka Karmegan Karuppiah Krzysztof KKędziordzior Ashiyat Kehinde Akodu Abid Ali Khan Masood Khan Małgorzata Kisilowska Ülo Kristjuhan Krzysztof Krukowski Agata Krystosik-Gromadzińska Johannes Leder Ying Li Martin Liedtke Agnieszka Lipińska Grobelny Qiang Liu Emma-Christin Lönnroth Antonio López-Arquillos Helena Mäkinen Maĺgorzata Matusiak Joanna Mazur-Różycka Piotr S. Mederski Magdalena Mĺynarczyk Rafaĺ Mĺyński Sherif Mostafa Andrzej Najmiec Przemysław Oberbek Szymon Ordysiński Louis Panzer Krystyna Pawlas Dariusz Pleban Jan Radosz Rajni Rai Chythra R Rao Zofia Ratajczak René Rossi Gilda Santos María José Serrano-Fernández Grzegorz Siess Marlena Sokół-Szawłowska Ammar Suhail Sylwia Sumińska Michał Szulawski Jadwiga Szymańska Adam Tarnowski Long Truong Nnedinma Umeokafor Anna Maria Urbaniak-Brekke Toni Vallés-Català Magdalena Warszewska-Makuch Dianne Wasterlund Antoni Wontorczyk Piotr Zieliński Dorota Żołnierczyk-Zreda

Celem badania przedstawionego w artykule była kompleksowa ocena psychospołecznych warunków pracy kierowców autobusów miejskich i dalekobieżnych. Badaniem objęto 500 kierowców autobusów z 52 różnych firm przewozowych. Narzędziem badawczym był Kopenhaski Kwestionariusz Psychospołecznych Warunków Pracy – COPSOQ II. Analizę przeprowadzono za pomocą testu t-studenta, w którym porównywano średnie wyników kierowców miejskich i dalekobieżnych. Przeprowadzone badanie wykazało, że kierowcy tych pojazdów nie stanowią jednorodnej grupy zawodowej pod kątem występujących zagrożeń psychospołecznych w środowisku pracy. Kierowcy autobusów miejskich mają wyższy poziom wymagań emocjonalnych i tempa pracy, różnią się także od kierowców autobusów dalekobieżnych pod kątem warunków organizacji pracy oraz poziomami stresu i dobrostanu.

This study aims to understand the long-term relation between comprehensive job resources and the three basic psychological needs at work (autonomy, relatedness and competence). The study was conducted in a progressive design on a sample of 1025 Polish human service professionals. Based on a typology of job resources, the three aggregated job resources index related to the task, leadership and interpersonal relations were created and the effects of each of them on the satisfaction and frustration of the three basic psychological needs, measured after 8 months, were tested. The analysis conducted by using of structural equation modelling showed that task resources are associated with the three basic psychological needs more strongly than two other kinds of resources and that that both leadership and interpersonal resources were related to the satisfaction and frustration of all the needs to the same extent. The results are discussed in the paradigm of the Conservative of Resources and the Self Determination theories.

There is much less research on the relationship between shift work and positive states experienced in the workplace, e.g., emotions and work ability. Using the job demands-resources model, conservation of resources theory and the broaden-and-build theory as theoretical frameworks, the direct and indirect (mediated via positive and negative emotions) relations between the complex of job resources and work ability were tested in the group of shift and non-shift workers. Three types of resources related to task, leadership and interpersonal relations were taken into account. Data were collected among 1510 workers. Structural equation modelling (SEM) showed that only leadership was directly related to high work ability in both occupational groups. Indirect effects of positive and negative emotions were strongly supported. Both of them mediate the effects of the three analysed job resources on work ability, but individual job resources impacted were different. Leadership resources led to "good" work ability by the intensification of positive and reduction of negative emotions. Interpersonal resources decrease negative emotions. Task resources, conversely, intensified positive emotions, which in turn increased work ability. These research results shed more light on the ways of shaping work ability among shift and non-shift workers.

The chapter presents the main sources of occupational stress and its health consequences among personnel providing care services to patients living in residential care establishments. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQ) has been used to assess psychosocial working conditions and the quality of life. The study results have shown that organizational factors determine the level of job burnout: job burnout correlates significantly with the level of cognitive job demands, emotional job demands, work engagement, quality of leadership and the level of perceived organizational justice and respect for workers. The practical outcome of the research has been the suggested variety of coping support programs that can be effective for the occupational group analyzed in the study. Stress prevention and reduction measures addressed to workers include such solutions as: participation in stress management training schemes, developing stress-coping and assertiveness skills, and promotion of a healthy lifestyle among workers. The suggested organizational measures have also aimed at alleviating work management constraints, reducing quantitative and qualitative workloads, and lessening interpersonal conflicts, among both workers and customers/patients.

In 2001, World Health Organization (WHO) accepted International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). This classification allows for a coherent approach towards evaluation of a human being, and its goal is to develop a standard and uniform language, enabling description of health status and the related conditions. ICF comprises all the aspects of human functioning as well as some elements of physical and mental well-being which are important for human health. In 2010, ICF was translated into Polish, and since then, attempts have been made to put it into practice. In this chapter, the model of work ability assessment based on ICF classification will be descripted as well as the results of the study verifying.

W artykule opisano cele i formy programu wsparcia adaptacyjnego oraz przedstawiono wyniki jego skuteczności. Do pilotażowego programu zgłosiło się 60 osób, które zostały objęte diagnozą psychologiczną i działaniami wspierającymi. Oceny skuteczności dokonano poprzez porównanie wyników z oceny początkowej i powtórnej z wykorzystaniem klasyfikacji ICF oraz poprzez oszacowanie liczby zrealizowanych celów programu. Najwyższy procent osiągniętych celów stwierdzono w zakresie funkcji emocjonalnych, radzenia sobie ze stresem, zdobywania i wykonywania pracy oraz w dziedzinie zwiększenia e-kompetencji.

Following an earlier publication (“BP” No. 2/2018) on the causes of stress in medical staff at psychiatric and addiction treatment wards, this article presents examples of methods of stress prevention, related to emotional requirements and patients’ aggression, the principal sources of stress in this occupational group. This article also presents examples of methods aimed at promoting health.

Occupational stress is an important problem in occupational safety and health, which recent research at EU-OSH has shown. The effect of occupational stress is observed both in workers (e.g., psychological problems, depression, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases, diabetes) and in enterprises (e.g., sick leave, employee turnover, decreased productivity). Most managers are aware of occupational stress in their companies; few companies have procedures for coping with it, though. This article presents a review of studies on the causes of occupational stress in medical staff at psychiatric and addiction treatment wards, who are in direct contact with patients. Those are considered to be special jobs, where exposure to stress is intrinsic.