Harm reduction vending machines (HRVMs) are increasingly implemented across the United States and Canada as low‑barrier, 24‑hour distribution mechanisms for life‑saving supplies such as naloxone, drug‑checking tools, sterile equipment, and hygiene items. As these machines have become more visible within public health infrastructure, social media platforms have emerged as key arenas where HRVMs are framed, debated, and politicized. This commentary examines dominant themes in social media coverage of harm reduction vending machines, including narratives emphasizing overdose prevention and accessibility, as well as stigmatizing claims that portray machines as enabling substance use or social disorder. Drawing on program reports, implementation reviews, and media monitoring analyses, the paper situates online discourse within the existing evidence base and public health guidance. Social media discussions frequently amplify misinformation, yet they also function as channels for disseminating evidence‑based education, utilization data, and digital toolkits produced by public health agencies and advocacy organizations. Viral controversies surrounding HRVMs have demonstrated tangible consequences, including policy reviews and service disruptions, underscoring the influence of digital narratives on real‑world access to harm reduction resources. For clinicians and public health practitioners, understanding and engaging with social media representations of HRVMs is essential for effective patient counseling, community engagement, and program sustainability. Strategic, evidence‑based digital communication offers an opportunity to counter stigma, align public narratives with clinical guidance, and reinforce harm reduction vending machines as a routine and equitable component of overdose prevention and public health practice.

Prenatal substance exposure remains a persistent and evolving public health challenge, shaped by rising polysubstance use, increasing overdose risk during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and longstanding social and structural inequities. Concurrently, pregnant individuals are increasingly exposed to pregnancy‑related health information through social media and other digital platforms, where peer support, reassurance‑seeking, and misinformation coexist. This narrative review synthesizes interdisciplinary evidence spanning epidemiology, developmental science, clinical guidance, public health policy, child welfare, and digital health communication to examine how prenatal substance exposure is identified, understood, and addressed across clinical, community, and online contexts. This review summarizes patterns of substance use during pregnancy, including the prevalence and complexity of polysubstance exposure; reviews established and emerging risks to infants and children; and examines the growing role of digital platforms as both risk and opportunity, highlighting how online misinformation may influence risk perception, stigma, and care engagement, while also offering channels for dissemination of accurate, supportive health messaging. Across domains, the literature reveals important gaps, including limited integration of digital exposure data with clinical outcomes and inconsistent implementation of non‑stigmatizing, consent‑based care practices. Taken together, findings underscore the need for coordinated, equity‑focused strategies that align clinical practice with digital health communication, engage families and communities in content creation and dissemination, and advance longitudinal, interdisciplinary research to support ethical and effective responses to prenatal substance exposure.

Background:There are many risk factors that heighten severity and susceptibility of concussion which have come into heightened awareness attributed to more revelations across the concussions landscape in recent years in light of news media, cinema, landmark legal cases, and continued research findings. Methods:This review specifically focused on identifying concussion-related information accessed by different audiences on a range of social media platforms. The goals of this review were to synthesize the existing state of concussion coverage across social media platforms from all published studies to date as the basis to inform directions for patient and family education, clinical practice and future research on improving concussion care and treatment. Results:Findings revealed a wide range of consumer and professional sources publishing content on concussions. News stories and testimonials were the most widely accessed formats across two studies. YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Pinterest, and Flickr were the social media platforms examined across these studies. Post-concussive symptoms and concussion treatment approaches were widely covered across two studies followed by prevention in three studies. Focus on situational and contextual factors of concussions (e.g. setting, surface and trauma-related considerations) were missing from findings in the studies across this review. Conclusion:Clinical and educational implications and recommendations for future ways to harness the potential of social media in improving concussion care and treatment are also presented. Increased content on concussion prevention could yield value in addressing modifiable risk factors for concussion as the basis to reduce the rates of this longstanding public health complexity.

Background: Neonatal end-of-life (EOL) care remains a complex challenge in modern healthcare. Increasing numbers of infants with life-limiting illnesses are dying at home or in hospitals, with or without hospice involvement. Despite numerous reviews, commentaries, case reports, and original studies addressing neonatal EOL care, there are currently no standardized guidelines. This gap complicates the quality and delivery of care during this fragile phase. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of published literature on neonatal EOL care, including systematic reviews, observational studies, and expert recommendations. Common elements were identified across these sources to inform future research directions. Our analysis focused on recurring themes related to symptom management, family-centered care, ethical considerations, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Results: The literature consistently highlights key components of neonatal EOL care: effective pain and symptom control, clear communication with families, psychosocial support, and involvement of multidisciplinary teams. However, significant variability exists in implementation across settings. Few studies provide longitudinal or prospective data, and most recommendations lack empirical validation, underscoring the need for standardized approaches. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that harmonizing neonatal EOL practices could improve care quality and reduce fragmentation in EOL care coordination. We propose feasibility studies and prospective research to evaluate these common elements for integration into evidence-based guidelines. Such efforts align with the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) mission to enhance EOL care globally, ensuring dignity and comfort for neonates and their families.

Background: Concussion is a prevalent form of traumatic brain injury worldwide with significant health consequences and far-reaching implications. Concussion protocols have been revised in recent years to protect athletes in increasing concussion reduction and timely treatment. Campaigns, news reports and mass media have also depicted coverage of concussions over the past decade especially in light of more athletes coming forward with long-term repercussions following repeated concussions. Methods: Previously, published studies have examined content pertaining to concussions across different social media platforms. Notably, the last comprehensive review of prevalent content across YouTube on concussions was ten years ago in 2014. Given updates in concussion protocols and clinical practice guidelines, increased news coverage and the movie release of Concussion in 2015, this study sought to examine and describe the sources, format and content covered among the top 100 widely viewed videos on YouTube a decade later. Results: Majority of the videos were posted by nongovernmental/organizational sources. Several testimonials by athletes on aftereffects of concussions were covered. Falls comprised the leading risk factor for concussions. Football, soccer, basketball and sailing represented the highest risk sports for concussions among the widely viewed videos. Many post-concussive symptoms were accounted for in the videos. Rest and activity limitations were featured as the leading treatments for concussions. Clinical, organizational, and health equity implications are presented. Conclusion: Recommendations to inform directions for patient and family education and clinical care on concussions are proposed.

Trauma-informed care is an increasingly trending clinical and organizational approach globally. Multiple guidelines exist on implementing trauma-informed care across healthcare systems, behavioral health programs, academic institutions, and prisons, among other settings. Although many studies have assessed the implementation of trauma-informed care guidelines and the integration of training into curricula for healthcare providers, workforces, and in clinical practice with individuals and communities, there have been no studies previously conducted to date on assessing the existing state of coverage on trauma-informed care across social media to inform future, actionable interventions. This represents a critical gap in research and practice given the increasingly prevalent utilization and accessibility of information online, especially via a multitude of social media platforms. This study is the first to assess the sources, format, and content across one of these social media platforms on YouTube. Content on trauma-informed care was examined through conducting a descriptive, observational study to determine the depth and breadth of content that was widely covered and uncovered across the top 100 widely viewed videos. Findings revealed that most of the content was published by professional, nongovernmental sources. A wide range of resources and strategies was presented on social media for utilizing trauma-informed care across diverse settings on individual and community levels. The five principles of trauma-informed care (safety, trustworthiness, collaboration, empowerment, and choice) were heavily reviewed among the widely viewed videos. A multitude of benefits was presented in terms of implementing trauma-informed care on both micro and macro levels. Social determinants of health were not widely covered but formed some of the stressors and triggers examined among the videos. DEI principles were also scantly covered across the videos. Several clinical and organizational implications are presented. Recommendations to integrate widely covered and uncovered content as targets for intervention in informing future trauma-informed approaches are proposed.

Introduction: Although community baby showers have persisted as a global health promotion practice for infants and their families over the past decades, to date there is no study that has evaluated coverage and engagement of community baby showers across social media as a rising global health communication medium in this contemporary digital era. It follows that the goal of this study sought to fill this gap by examining the existing state of coverage for community baby showers on social media utilizing view count as an engagement metric. Methods: In this cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study, we conducted a content analysis of the top 100 most widely viewed videos populated on YouTube at one conceptual point in time that covered community baby showers. to determine the most prevalent sources, formats, and content represented across this sample of videos. Results: Many of the videos were published by nongovernmental / organizational sources (n=86) and among them, the majority were in the form of news reports (n=59). Content across these videos presented a diversity of community stakeholders and entities involved in the development and implementation of community baby showers, many which were both for-profit and non-profit organizations (n=72). There was substantial coverage of a wide range of resources and services for prenatal and postnatal care delineated across all of the videos in this sample. Several videos (n=39) covered increased support building for families of infants. Notably, these videos cumulatively generated a low number of views (N=73,036) which yields clinical, educational, and public health implications. Conclusion: Recommendations to partner with news organizations and utilize content that generated greater viewership as facilitators in increasing capacity to reach, engagement and impact of community baby showers are presented to optimize infant health outcomes, reduce infant mortality, and heighten access to resources and support for infants and their families worldwide.

Introduction: Cribs for Kids is a national organization with a mission to reduce sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) nationwide through adaptation of best practices in infant safe sleep, community engagement, and increased access to resources in assuring infant safety during time of sleep. One integral partnership that enables Cribs for Kids to cast a wider net in yielding the potential to reach many more infants and their families across the country involves attainment of hospitalwide certification by Cribs for Kids across both academic and community healthcare systems that provide care to infants for up to one year of age. Methods: However to date, the prevalence of these partnerships remains unclear. It follows that the present study sought to uncover this prevalence across the nation. Utilizing the U.S. News and World Report, the researcher acquired a random sample of 110 children’s hospitals. Next utilizing the map locator of hospitals certified at the Gold, Silver and Bronze levels by Cribs for Kids on the organization’s website, prevalence of presence and level of certification was ascertained across this sample of children’s hospitals. Results: Notably, the vast majority of this sample (n=78) had not attained hospitalwide certification with Cribs for Kids. Among the hospitals that had attained certification, there was substantial variation across levels based on a range of health promotion and community engagement practices. Conclusion: Recommendations for harnessing the potential of this collaboration are presented to inform directions in examining these partnerships as a point of intervention for future planning considerations across community engagement and health promotion practices surrounding SIDS reduction.

Background:Tobacco use and exposure are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the past decade, educational efforts to reduce tobacco use and exposure have extended to social media, including video-sharing platforms. YouTube is one of the most publicly accessed video-sharing platforms.Purpose:This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to identify and describe sources, formats, and content of widely viewed YouTube videos on smoking cessation.Methods:In August to September 2023, the keywords "stop quit smoking" were used to search in YouTube and identify 100 videos with the highest view count.Results:Collectively, these videos were viewed over 220 million times. The majority (n = 35) were posted by nongovernmental/organization sources, with a smaller number posted by consumers (n = 25), and only eleven were posted by governmental agencies. The format used in the highest number of videos was the testimonial (n = 32 videos, over 77 million views). Other popular formats included animation (n = 23 videos, over 90 million views) and talk by professional (n = 20 videos, almost 43 million views). Video content included evidence-based and non-evidence-based practices. Evidence-based strategies aligned with U.S. Public Health Service Tobacco Treatment Guidelines (e.g. health systems approach in tobacco treatment, medication management). Non-evidence-based strategies included mindfulness and hypnotherapy. One key finding was that environmental tobacco exposure received scant coverage across the videos.Conclusions:Social media such as YouTube promises to reach large audiences at low cost without requiring high reading literacy. Additional attention is needed to create videos with up-to-date, accurate information that can engage consumers.

Introduction: Sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) collectively represent one of the leading causes of infant mortality worldwide. There are a range of evidence-based modifiable risk factors for both, particularly related to the infant’s sleep environment. Oftentimes, social determinants of health impact optimization of an infant’s sleep environment, thereby compromising their safety and elevating their risk for SIDS and SUID. Many kinds of community interventions that include campaigns and programs have sought to address these environmental modifiable risk factors that contribute towards heightened risk for SIDS and SUID. However given resource limitations, reach and access considerations, and scarcity of a streamlined harmonized process to draw on the strengths of a community in SUID and SIDS reduction, there is mixed success with these interventions. Methods: Although community baby showers are rising as a trending health promotion intervention to optimize access to care, resources and support to infants and their caregivers as well as optimize infant growth and development, there is no review paper to date that consolidates the strengths and limitations in the quality, delivery and evaluation of community baby showers as a continued focus for future public health interventions surrounding the infant population which informs the development of this scoping review. Results: Specifically, this review synthesizes the commonalities, differences, key findings, intervention components as well as gaps in research and practice on community baby showers across published studies (n=20) and secondary sources (n=4). Conclusion: Clinical and public health implications are also closely examined and further inform recommendations for future directions that draw on the strengths and build off the limitations of findings from this review to heighten the clinical and public health impact and further assess the efficacy of community baby showers as an evidence-based community engagement and health promotion intervention for our next generation of infants and their families.

Background: Sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) remains one of the leading causes of infant mortality worldwide and is largely driven by sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Although SIDS has received coverage and examination of content spanning Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter across the published academic literature, there is no study to date that has examined SIDS related content on YouTube. Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted from December 2023 through January 2024 and sought to describe the sources, formats and content covered across the 100 widely viewed videos pertaining to SIDS on YouTube. Results: The majority of the videos published were by organizations (N=64) including healthcare systems, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and police departments. Several of the widely viewed SIDS-related content was disseminated by professionals (N=42). Multiple videos presented content on the symptomology pertaining to SIDS as well as contributing environmental risk factors. A wide range of resources were depicted as SIDS reduction measures. Notably, there was substantial emphasis on SIDS reduction postnatally across the widely viewed videos. There was limited representation of content on SIDS awareness and reduction outside of the United States. Conclusion: Clinical, public health, and organizational implications and recommendations are presented to inform future targets for intervention that can harness findings from this study on widely covered and uncovered content to address the totality of risk factors for SIDS. Future directions in health promotion across the SIDS reduction landscape are also reviewed to account for digital spaces globally, thereby contributing towards reducing infant mortality worldwide.