Objectives:This study looked at what factors lead to complications after extensor tendon repair, with a focus on how the location of the injury affects patient outcomes. Patients and methods:This retrospective cohort study looked at 206 patients with extensor tendon injuries. All patients were treated at one center using the same surgical and rehabilitation protocols. We collected data on patient demographics, details of the injuries, and any complications after surgery. Logistic regression was employed to identify predictors of complications. Results:The complication rate was 22.3%, with adhesions and extensor lag being the most common. Smoking (odds ratio = 0.161) and higher modified Hand Injury Severity Score values were identified as significant predictors of complications. Complication rates varied across injury zones, with zones 1 and 2 exhibiting the highest rates (26.1%), although the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion:Smoking and injury severity emerged as key predictors of complications. This shows the need to address modifiable risk factors through targeted interventions such as smoking cessation programs and intensive follow-up for high-risk patients. The results show that no particular injury zone is always linked to poor outcomes. This highlights the need for more research on surgical and rehabilitation strategies for different zones.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of yoga-based exercises, combined with aerobic exercises, on spinal mobility, disease activity and functional capacity in Ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods A total of 51 patients with AS (27 males, 24 females; mean age: 40.7 ± 9.1 years; range 24-57 years) completed in this prospective, randomized, controlled study. Group 1 (n = 25) received only aerobic exercise therapy, while group 2 (n = 26) received yoga therapy in combination with aerobic exercises. The intensity of the aerobic exercise program were determined using Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET). The aerobic program was administered for 30 min over 12 sessions, under physician supervision with monitoring using a lower extremity ergometer. In group 2, in addition to the aerobic program, a yoga-based exercise consisting of spinal flexibility, relaxation, breathing and meditation exercises was administered for 30 min over 12 sessions. Spinal mobility (chest expansion(CE) and BASMI), peripheral muscle strength and laboratory measures (ESR and CRP), were recorded pre- and post-treatment. SpA-specific clinical measures included the ASDAS-CRP, BASFI, ASQoL scale, fibromyalgia scores. Functional capacity was evaluated using the 6-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT). Respiratory parameters and aerobic capacity levels, recorded using Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT) and CPET. Results In the analysis comparing pre- and post-treatment delta gain values between the two groups, statistically significant differences favoring group 2 were found in CE (p = 0.002), BASMI (p = 0.025), right and left handgrip strength (p = 0.023, 0.044), BASFI (p = 0.03), 6-MWT (p = 0.005) and resting systolic blood pressure (p = 0.012). In the Holm-Bonferroni-adjusted sensitivity analysis of between-group delta comparisons, chest expansion, BASMI, and 6-MWT remained statistically significant among clinical and functional secondary outcomes, whereas handgrip strength and BASFI no longer remained statistically significant Conclusion This study showed that a physician-supervised combined aerobic and yoga-based exercise program may provide additional benefits over aerobic exercise alone in selected clinical and functional outcomes, particularly chest expansion, spinal mobility, functional capacity. We suggest that yoga-based exercises combined with aerobic exercise, could be included in the treatment plans of patients with AS.

Background/Aims: Sarcopenia is a common condition in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The present study was designed to investigate the factors related to sarcopenia in patients with RA and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ultrasonography (USG) in sarcopenia. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one patients with RA (aged 18-65 years), diagnosed according to the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology criteria, and 51 age-and sexmatched healthy controls were included. Participants were assessed for Disease Activity Score 28, muscle strength, muscle mass, anthropometric data, functional status, physical performance, balance, and quality of life (QoL). Sarcopenia was diagnosed by handgrip strength and calculating the skeletal muscle mass index value with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Quadriceps muscle mass was measured by USG. Results: Among RA patients, 41 were female, with a mean age of 45.59 ± 9.85 years. In the control group, 37 were female, with a mean age of 47.41 ± 8.90 years. The mean disease duration was 15.12 ± 9.36 years. Sarcopenia prevalence was significantly higher in the RA group (37.3%) than controls (17.6%, P = .027). Sarcopenia was associated with disease duration, history of falls, reduced function, lower physical performance, anthropometric parameters, and decreased ultrasound muscle mass. Diagnostic cut-off values for quadriceps muscle thickness were 1.72 cm (right) and 1.71 cm (left) on ultrasound. Conclusion: Sarcopenia in RA patients is significantly associated with disease duration, falls, functional status, physical performance, anthropometric measures, muscle mass assessed by ultrasound, and QoL. Ultrasonography may be a useful screening tool for sarcopenia, with defined cut-off values for quadriceps muscle thickness. Cite this article as: Kılıç Z, Yurdakul FG, Güler T, Durmuş EB, Nakipoğlu Yüzer GF, Bodur H. Sarcopenia-related factors and the diagnostic role of ultrasonography in rheumatoid arthritis. ArchRheumatol. Published online August 5, 2026. doi: 10.5152/ArchRheumatol.2026.26339.

This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of difficult-to-treat (D2T) axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and identifying main associated factors for D2T axSpA. This multicenter observational cross-sectional study included axSpA patients from the BioSTaR (Biological and Targeted Synthetic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs Registry) from February 1, 2019, to January 1, 2025. Data from 1800 axSpA patients who have previously used or are currently using at least one biologic/targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug were analyzed. Patient data included demographic characteristics, body mass index (BMI), marital status, smoking and alcohol use, family history of SpA, and presence of comorbidities. The parameters related to SpA such as disease duration, type of axSpA (radiographic/non-radiographic), HLA-B27 status, the presence of extra-musculoskeletal manifestations (uveitis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease), arthritis, enthesitis, and dactylitis were also recorded. Comorbidities including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and hyperlipidemia were recorded, and Charlson Index scores were evaluated. Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score (MASES) and disease activity in means of Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with C-reactive protein (ASDAS-CRP) were also recorded. All medication history and currently used medications for axSpA and other diseases were noted. D2T and non-D2T axSpA patients were classified according to the suggested extrapolated definition. Of the 1800 axSpA patients recorded in the BioSTaR database, 204 (11.3

The Impact of Obesity and Overweight on Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Real-World Insights from a Biologic and Targeted Synthetic DMARDs Registry. The management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has advanced with biological and targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs). However, obesity, a common comorbidity, impacts treatment and disease progression efficacy. This article examines the association between body weight, activity of the disease and the effectiveness of b/tsDMARDs in RA patients. This multicenter observational cohort study, conducted as part of the BioSTAR Registry, involved a total of 856 patients diagnosed with RA (168 males and 688 females). Patients were separated into groups based on BMI: Group 1 (“normal BMI: ≥18.5 to < 25 kg/m2 or underweight BMI: <18.5 kg/m2”) and Group 2 (“overweight BMI: ≥25 to < 30 kg/m2 or obese BMI: ≥30 kg/m2”). Baseline socio-demographic and clinical data, medication use, switching status, and total glucocorticoid dose (mg-year) were collected. Age, disease duration, disease activity scores were considerably higher in obesity/overweight patients. Remission rates were lower in obese/overweight patients (35.6

To examine the pneumococcal, haemophilus influenza, hepatitis A virus (HAV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine rates and and predictors of vaccination among a Türkiye population of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. In this multicenter, cross-sectional study, vaccination levels and related factors were questioned by face-to-face survey method during routine clinical examination of patients with RA followed in different regions of Türkiye. All statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software package, version 26. A total of 715 patients (mean age 53.1 ± 13 years), of whom 552 (77.2

Objectives:This study aims to investigate temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement and dysfunction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinically and ultrasonographically (USG). Patients and methods:Between May 2021 and November 2021, a total of 51 patients with RA (16 males, 35 females; mean age: 53.0±10.4 years; range, 18 to 65 years) and 51 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (16 males, 35 females; mean age: 51.3±6.9 years; range, 18 to 65 years) were recruited. The Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) form was applied to both groups. Pain intensity for both TMJs was measured with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) was used to measure the functional capacities. Disease activity of patients with RA was evaluated with the Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28). All participants included in the study underwent TMJ USG examination. Results:According to the DC/TMD diagnostic decision tree, pain disorder was detected in 22 (43.1%) patients with RA and 12 (23.5%) in the healthy control group. Joint disorder was diagnosed in 14 (27.5%) of the RA patients and five (9.8%) of the healthy control group. Since the disc thickness was found to be significantly higher in patients with TMJ pain disorders in our USG evaluations, we performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine the diagnostic cut-off value. As a result of ROC analysis, we determined the disc thickness cut-off value as 1.55 mm for the diagnosis of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD). Conclusion:These findings support that USG, which is non-invasive, without X-ray exposure, applied from a single source and easily accessible, is a viable method in the diagnosis of TMD.

OBJECTIVES:The present study aimed to compare the pressure-pain threshold (PPT) values in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and age-gender matched controls with chronic nonspecific low back pain and to determine whether PPT values could be beneficial as a disease activity predictor after secondary fibromyalgia had been ruled out. METHODS:This study contained a cross-sectional observational study of participants with RA and chronic nonspecific low back pain controls without fibromyalgia. Visual analog scale (VAS), fatigue severity scale (FSS), pain catastrophizing scale (PCS), health assessment questionnaire (HAQ), hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), and disease activity score (DAS28) were administered. Pressure-pain threshold (PPT) values were measured with a baseline dolorimeter at the thumbnail bed, the dorsal aspect of the wrist, and the trapezius muscle on the dominant side. RESULTS:There were no differences in PPT scores at all points between RA and control groups. Female participants with RA had statistically lower PPT scores (high pain sensitization) at the wrist (p<0.001) and trapezius (p<0.001), but not at the nail bed (p=0.084). Multiple regression analysis identified only HADS-Depression as a determinant of the PPTs at all points. CONCLUSION:The present study suggests that lower PPT is associated with depressive symptoms in participants with RA, and pressure algometry should be considered as an additional evaluation to detect pain/depression overlap.

To identify clinical and demographic predictors associated with the timing of transition from psoriasis (PsO) to psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and to compare the characteristics of patients with concurrent PsO-PsA onset versus those with prolonged transition. A multi-center, observational study was conducted using data from the Turkish League Against Rheumatism (TLAR) network including PsA patients fulfilling CASPAR criteria. Patients were categorized into two groups: Group 1 (concurrent PsO and PsA onset within ± 1 year) and Group 2 (prolonged transition to PsA, > 1 year after PsO). Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics, disease activity, and patient-reported outcomes were compared between groups. Logistic regression was employed to determine independent predictors of prolonged transition. Among 799 patients (mean age 46.8 ± 12.3 years), 237 (29.7

Objectives:This study aims to examine whether low-level laser therapy (LLLT), when combined with conventional therapy, contributes to the rehabilitation of patients with zone 5 to 8 extensor tendon injuries. Patients and methods:A total of 55 patients (44 males, 11 females; mean age: 34.2±11.3 years; range, 18 to 55 years) with hand extensor tendon injury were included in the double-blind randomized controlled study between April 30, 2020, and December 30, 2020. Controlled active motion protocol was applied to all patients. In addition, LLLT was applied to one group and sham laser to another group for 10 sessions. Patients were evaluated at baseline and four and eight weeks after intervention. Visual Analog Scale for pain, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire for upper extremity symptoms and functions, and nine-hole peg test for hand dexterity were used. The range of motion of the hand and metacarpophalangeal joint circumference were measured. Grip strength was evaluated only at the eighth postoperative week. Results:In both groups, significant improvement was observed in all evaluation parameters, except for wrist range of motion at the eighth postoperative week measurement (p<0.05). When the clinical outcomes were compared between the groups, no significant difference was observed in all clinical parameters both in the fourth and eighth week measurements after intervention (p>0.05). Conclusion:In our study, no additional contribution of LLLT to the rehabilitation of extensor tendon injuries between zones 5 and 8 was observed.

Background/Aims: This study aims to identify sarcopenia and its associated factors in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and to assess the diagnostic utility of ultrasonography (USG) for identifying sarcopenia. Materials and Methods: The study included 54 PsA patients (21 males and 33 females; mean age: 46.5 ± 10.93; range, 18-65) and 55 age-, gender- and body mass index (BMI)–matched healthy controls (19 males and 36 females; mean age: 48 ± 11.30; range, 18-65). Demographic data, anthropometric measurements, functional assessments, handgrip strength, and 4-meter gait speed were evaluated. Disease activity was evaluated using the psoriatic arthritis impact of disease 12-item questionnaire (PSAID12), disease activity score 28 (DAS28), bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI), disease activity in psoriatic arthritis (DAPSA), and skin lesions with the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). The thickness of bilateral rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, and quadriceps muscle were measured using USG. Whole-body muscle mass was analyzed via dualenergy x-ray absorptiometry. Results: Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 22 PsA patients (40.7%) and 12 healthy controls (21.8%). An association between sarcopenia, BMI, and disease duration was identified (P < .05). It was not associated with PSAID12, DAS28, BASDAI, DAPSA, PASI, age, gender, comorbidities, smoking, alcohol consumption, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, vitamin D levels, and history of falls. The USG measurements revealed that PsA patients with sarcopenia had lower thickness of rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, and quadriceps muscles (P < .05). Receiver-operating characteristic analysis was performed to determine the diagnostic cut-off values, which were as follows: right/left rectus femoris, 1.11 cm; right vastus intermedius, 1.17 cm; left vastus intermedius, 1.19 cm; right quadriceps, 2.31 cm; left quadriceps, 2.32 cm. Conclusion: The presence of sarcopenia was higher in PsA patients compared to healthy controls. The USG may be a practical and acceptable method for assessing muscle mass and diagnosing sarcopenia in patients with PsA.

The association between spondyloarthritis and cardiovascular (CV) diseases is complex with variable outcomes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence rates of CV diseases and to analyze the impact of CV risk factors on CV disease in patients with spondyloarthritis. A multi-center cross-sectional study using the BioSTAR (Biological and Targeted Synthetic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs Registry) database was performed on patients with spondyloarthritis. Socio-demographic, laboratory, and clinical data were collected. Patients with and without major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were grouped as Group 1 and Group 2. The primary outcome was the overall group’s prevalence rates of CV disease and CV risk factors. The secondary outcome was the difference in socio-demographic and clinical characteristics between the groups and predictive risk factors for CV disease. There were 1457 patients with a mean age of 45.7 ± 10.9 years. The prevalence rate for CV disease was 3% ( n = 44). The distribution of these diseases was coronary artery disease ( n = 42), congestive heart failure ( n = 4), peripheral vascular disorders ( n = 6), and cerebrovascular events ( n = 4). Patients in Group 1 were significantly male ( p = 0.014) and older than those in Group 2 ( p < 0.001). There were significantly more patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, dyslipidemia, and malignancy in Group 1 than in Group 2 ( p < 0.05). Smoking (36.7%), obesity (24.4%), and hypertension (13.8%) were the most prevalent traditional CV risk factors. Hypertension (HR = 3.147, 95% CI 1.461–6.778, p = 0.003), dyslipidemia (HR = 3.476, 95% CI 1.631–7.406, p = 0.001), and cancer history (HR = 5.852, 95% CI 1.189–28.810, p = 0.030) were the independent predictors for CV disease. A multi-center cross-sectional study using the BioSTAR (Biological and Targeted Synthetic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs Registry) database was performed on patients with spondyloarthritis. Socio-demographic, laboratory, and clinical data were collected. Patients with and without major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were grouped as Group 1 and Group 2. The primary outcome was the overall group’s prevalence rates of CV disease and CV risk factors. The secondary outcome was the difference in socio-demographic and clinical characteristics between the groups and predictive risk factors for CV disease. There were 1457 patients with a mean age of 45.7 ± 10.9 years. The prevalence rate for CV disease was 3% ( n = 44). The distribution of these diseases was coronary artery disease ( n = 42), congestive heart failure ( n = 4), peripheral vascular disorders ( n = 6), and cerebrovascular events ( n = 4). Patients in Group 1 were significantly male ( p = 0.014) and older than those in Group 2 ( p < 0.001). There were significantly more patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, dyslipidemia, and malignancy in Group 1 than in Group 2 ( p < 0.05). Smoking (36.7%), obesity (24.4%), and hypertension (13.8%) were the most prevalent traditional CV risk factors. Hypertension (HR = 3.147, 95% CI 1.461–6.778, p = 0.003), dyslipidemia (HR = 3.476, 95% CI 1.631–7.406, p = 0.001), and cancer history (HR = 5.852, 95% CI 1.189–28.810, p = 0.030) were the independent predictors for CV disease. The prevalence rate of CV disease was 3.0% in patients with spondyloarthritis. Hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cancer history were the independent CV risk factors for CV disease in patients with spondyloarthritis.

BACKGROUND:This descriptive analysis examines the victims of the February 6, 2023, earthquakes in Kahramanmaraş and Elbistan, Türkiye. It aims to detail the injury profiles related to neuro-musculoskeletal trauma, assess the rehabilitation needs of patients, and propose a comprehensive rehabilitation approach.METHODS:The study included patients injured in the Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquake on February 6, 2023, who were transported to our hospital based on their rehabilitation needs. Data from patients treated at our hospital were recorded retrospectively. This included demographic information, accompanying pathologies, laboratory findings, rehabilitation programs, and treatments received during their hospital stay. Statistical analyses were conducted to examine the data.RESULTS:A total of 141 patients with musculoskeletal injuries were admitted due to injuries sustained from the earthquake. The mean age of the participants was 39.76 years, with a slight female predominance (56.7%). The majority of patients sustained injuries while trapped under debris (90.1%), with an average duration of 10 hours under rubble. Fractures were the most common form of injury (53.2%), predominantly affecting the lower extremities. Peripheral nerve injuries were present in 41.1% of patients, and amputations were observed in 30.5%. Complications included compartment syndrome (46.1%), crush syndrome (36.2%), and various infections. Pain was prevalent among patients, with somatic pain being the most reported type. Individualized rehabilitation programs were implemented, incorporating physical therapy, wound care, pain management, and psychosocial support.CONCLUSION:This study highlights the critical rehabilitation needs of earthquake survivors and emphasizes the importance of early and comprehensive rehabilitation interventions. Multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs were crucial in addressing medical issues, functional limitations, and psychological challenges faced by the survivors. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of earthquake-related injuries and underscore the significance of well-coordinated rehabilitation strategies in disaster responses.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes and risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with inflammatory rheumatic disease (IRD) of a national cohort. Patients and methods: The multicenter cross-sectional study was carried out between July 15, 2020, and February 28, 2021. Data collection was provided from a national network database system, and 3,532 IRD patients (2,359 males, 1,173 females; mean age: 48.7±13.9 years; range; 18 to 90 years) were analyzed. Demographics, clinics about rheumatic disease, comorbidities, smoking status, being infected with COVID-19, and the course of the infection were questioned by rheumatology specialists. Results: One hundred seventeen patients were infected with COVID-19, the hospitalization rate due to COVID-19 was 58.9%, and the mortality rate was 1.7%. There was no difference between the COVID-19 positive and negative groups in terms of rheumatic disease activities and receiving drugs. It was observed that patients with COVID-19 had worse compliance with isolation rules, and bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination was less common. The mean age and the rate of smoking of hospitalized COVID-19 patients were higher than those without hospitalization. Conclusion: In this cohort, in which real-life data were analyzed, COVID-19 rates in IRD patients were similar to the general population for the same period. Compliance with the isolation rules and BCG vaccination attracted attention as components that reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection. The risk factors for hospitalization were older age and smoking.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate and compare clinical features, disease activity, and the overall disease burden among psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients across seven distinct geographic regions in Türkiye. Patients and methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study involving 1,134 PsA patients from 25 referral centers across seven regions was conducted. Demographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidities, joint involvement, extra-articular manifestations, and disease activity measures were evaluated across regions. Results: A total of 1134 PsA patients from seven different geographic regions in Türkiye participated in this study. The highest number of participants was from the Marmara region (n=409), with subsequent representation from Central Anatolia (n=370), Aegean (n=139), Mediterranean (n=60), Black Sea (n=60), Eastern Anatolia (n=60), and Southeastern Anatolia (n=36) regions. There were significant variations in demographic profile, including age, body mass index, age of disease onset, educational status, comorbidities, and family history of both psoriasis and PsA. Clinical features, such as enthesitis, dactylitis, uveitis, and joint involvement, demonstrated significant variation across regions. Additionally, disease activity measures, including pain, patient and physician global assessments, acute phase reactants, disease activity indices, quality of life, and functional status, displayed considerable regional differences. Conclusion: This nationwide study revealed substantial regional diversity in demographic data, clinical characteristics, disease activity, and quality of life among PsA patients in Türkiye. These findings stress the need to customize treatment approaches to address regional needs and to conduct further research to uncover reasons for disparities. It is crucial to enhance region-specific approaches to improve patient care and outcomes for PsA.

Case reports of plexopathy after prostate cancer are usually neoplastic. Radiation-induced lumbosacral plexopathy and insufficiency fractures have clinical significance due to the need to differentiate them from tumoral invasions, metastases, and spinal pathologies. Certain nuances, including clinical presentation and screening methods, help distinguish radiation-induced plexopathy from tumoral plexopathy. This case report highlights the coexistence of these two rare clinical conditions. Herein, we present a 78 -year -old male with a history of radiotherapy for prostate cancer who developed right foot drop, severe lower back and right groin pain, difficulty in standing up and walking, and tingling in both legs over the past month during remission. The diagnosis of lumbosacral plexopathy and pelvic insufficiency fracture was made based on magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and electroneuromyography. The patient received conservative symptomatic treatment and was discharged with the use of a cane for mobility. Radiation-induced lumbosacral plexopathy following prostate cancer should be kept in mind in patients with neurological disorders of the lower limbs. Pelvic insufficiency fracture should also be considered if the pain does not correspond to the clinical findings of plexopathy. These two pathologies, which can be challenging to diagnose, may require surgical or complex management approaches. However, in this patient, conservative therapies led to an improvement in quality of life and a reduction in the burden of illness.

Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily involves the axial skeleton but may also present with peripheral joint involvement and extra-articular involvement. The present study aims to quantitatively analyze posture, balance, and gait parameters in patients with axSpA and and assess associated factors. This cross-sectional case-control study included 51 axSpA patients (30 males, 21 females; mean age 40.94 ± 10.48 years) and 51 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. In patients with axSpA, the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score CRP, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI), the Maastrich Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score (MASES), and the Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) scale were used. For postural analysis, DIERS formetric (Diers GmbH, Schlangenbad, Germany) videoraster- stereography device was utilized. HUR SmartBalance BTG4 (HUR-labs Oy, Kokkola, Finland) balance platform was used for postural balance and limit of stability (LOS) measurement. Participants were evaluated using Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Reach Test (FRT) and Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). The Zebris FDM type 3 (Zebris Medical GmbH, Germany) walking platform was used to measure the spatiotemporal parameters of the participants. Comparison of postural parameters showed that sagittal imbalance and cervical depth distance were increased in the axSpA group than in the healthy participants (p < 0.004). Comparison of functional balance parameters showed that BBS and FRT scores were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the axSpA group than in the control group, while TUG scores were significantly higher (p < 0.001). The LOS values, which evaluate dynamic balance were significantly lower, indicating impairment, in the axSpA group. In the measurement of postural sway, which indicates static balance, all 23 subparameters were found to be similar. When analyzing the spatiotemporal gait parameters, in the axSpA group compared with those in the control group; Foot angles (p= 0.028) and stride width (p = 0.004) were increased, whereas step lengths (p = 0.004) and stride lengths (P = 0.004) were decreased. In the axSpA group the gait speed was decreased (p = 0.004). When axSpA was analyzed separately as radiographic and nonradiographic axSpA, similar findings were observed in posture, balance, and gait parameters. No significant difference was observed. We found that the clinical assessments most closely associated with posture, balance, and gait analyses were BBS, FRT, TUG, and BASFI.