Background: Ear eczema is a frequent pruritic inflammatory dermatosis in dermato-allergology, with an estimated prevalence of 7–19% worldwide. It has multiple causes, with a predominance of allergic contact eczema. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of ear eczema and to identify the main contact allergens responsible. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted over a seven-month period at the Dermatology Departments of Aristide le Dantec Hospital, the Social Institute and the Medical Institute of Université Cheikh Anta Diop, and the Cervico-Facial Department of Fann Hospital. We included all patients with ear eczema who had undergone allergological tests and a nickel spot test if metal allergy was suspected. Data entry and analysis were performed using SPSS, version 18. Results: We recorded 46 cases of ear eczema, with a hospital frequency of 0.46%. The mean age was 22 years, with extremes of 5 months and 85 years. The sex ratio was 0.84 (25 women, 21 men). Personal atopy was present in 80% of the cases. Ear eczema lesions were chronic in 28 cases and acute in 18 cases. The outer ear was the site of lesions in 30 cases (65%), with both ears and symmetrical lesions. Ear involvement was isolated in 17% of the cases, and associated with face eczema in 10%, the hands in 13%, and the scalp in 6%. Lesions of the external auditory canal were noted in 4% of the cases. The standard European battery using the patch test was positive in all patients. The main contact allergens were noted for nickel in 42%, cobalt in 35%, PPD in 28%, and thiuram mix in 28%. Patch tests were relevant and concordant in 85% of the cases. The positivity of the nickel test was more relevant for six cases of contact allergy to metals. Conclusion: Ear eczema remains a common dermatosis in dermato-allergological, with a predominance of metal and cosmetic allergens in Dakar. Improving cosmetovigilance, especially by regulating the concentration of nickel in cosmetic products and costume jewelry, could help to reduce the incidence of metal-allergy contact dermatitis.

Background: Dermatoses are skin disorders characterized by elementary dermatological lesions that enable a diagnosis to be made [1]. Depending on their cause, they are grouped into infectious, inflammatory, tumoral, allergic and other dermatoses. It is in this context that we set out to determine the prevalence of dermatological conditions in consultations at the dermatology department of the Cheihk Anta Diop University Hospital in Dakar (CHUCAD). Materials and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted from January 1, 2023 to October 31, 2023 in the dermatology department of the Cheihk Anta Diop University Hospital in Dakar. All patients with a clinical and/or histological diagnosis who consulted our department were included in our study. Results: A total of 421 patients were included in our study period. The mean age was 27.54 ±12.4 years, with extremes of 2 and 74 years. The majority of patients were female (249 or 59.14%) or male (172 or 40.86%). The distribution of dermatological conditions was as follows: Inflammatory dermatoses in 210 cases (49.88%), infectious dermatoses in 118 cases (28.03%), tumoral dermatoses in 33 cases (7.84%), allergic dermatoses in 31 cases (7.36%) and other dermatoses in 47 cases (11.16%). Reasons for consultation were dominated by acne in 101 cases (23.99%), eczema in 48 cases (11.40%), scabiosis and pityriasis versicolor in 27 cases (6.41%). Voluntary cosmetic artificial depigmentation was found in 34 cases (8.08%), of which 23 patients (67.65%) had acne. In terms of treatment, dermocorticoids were prescribed in 28.74% of cases, followed by local retinoids in 28.03%. As for general treatment, antibiotics were most commonly used in 95 cases (22.57%), followed by analgesics in 11 cases (2.61%) and corticoids in 10 cases (2.38%). Conclusion: Dermatological conditions are common in both the general population and students. The prevalence of each dermatosis depends on the study setting and environment.

Darier and Ferrand’s dermatofibrosarcoma (DFSP) is a rare cutaneous mesenchymal tumor characterized by a high potential for local recurrence and a low risk of metastasis. We report an unusual case of DFSP located on the scalp of a 63-year-old female patient with a history of hypertension. The lesion, which had been evolving for six years, presented with a polymorphic clinical appearance, mimicking benign tumors. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination, and a wide surgical excision with safety margins was performed. This case highlights the importance of heightened vigilance regarding atypical skin lesions, particularly in rare locations such as the scalp, and the need for a multidisciplinary approach to optimize therapeutic outcomes.

Introduction. - The aims of this study was to evaluate the impact of therapeutic education on the knowledge and skills of patients with atopic dermatitis at the Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital. Patients and method. - This prospective educational intervention study included 22 participants with AD. Knowledge was assessed before and after the therapeutic education sessions. The educational tools of the Pierre-Fabre Eczema Foundation translated into power points served as educational support to which creations of educational tools and iconographies on black skin were added. The comparison of means was made using the Student test. Results. - The educational diagnosis highlighted a lack of knowledge of: the disease, its aggravating factors, its treatments as well as frequent corticophobia. The therapeutic education allowed the acquisition of theoretical knowledge and practical skills in addition to empowering the participants. In addition, it reduced corticophobia although fear of topical corticosteroids persisted. Conclusion. - Patient therapeutic education through educational tools contextualized for our patients made it possible to improve knowledge and skills during atopic dermatitis. (c) 2024 Societe franc,aise d'allergologie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

Background: Immuno-allergic dermatoses have been highly increasing for a decade in African settings. They are the first chief complaint of dermatological conditions in Senegal. Our objective was to describe their epidemiological, clinical, and etiological patterns. Methodology: We conducted a looking-forward descriptive study for 1 year ranging from April 2020 to April 2021 in the Dermatology Department of Aristide LeDantec Hospital in Dakar. We recruited both inpatients and outpatients. Results: Among 5633 patients received for consultation, 149 cases were pooled accounting for a prevalence of 2,6%. The mean age was 31,42 years old. Atopic dermatosis was the first immuno-allergic dermatosis representing 66,4%. They were followed by toxidermia in 16,1% of cases, contact dermatitis in 12,75% of cases, and urticaria in 4,69%. For patients with atopic dermatosis, a respiratory prick test was carried out in 14,1% of patients with a positivity in 57,1% of cases. Of the patients with urticaria and/or angioedema, the main triggering factor was drug use in 57,14% of cases. In our study, antibiotics were the first drug-related toxidermia in our patients accounting for 41,7% of cases. They were followed by herbal therapy in 29,2% of cases and paracetamol in 16,7% of cases. Conclusion: To date, immuno-allergic dermatoses constitute the first chief complaint in our structure and are by far dominated by atopic dermatitis. Automedication and herbal therapy are public health concerns. By causing toxidermia, often in their most serious patterns, they can have a vital prone-threat involvement.

But L’objectif de cette étude a été d’évaluer l’impact de l’éducation thérapeutique sur les connaissances et compétences des malades présentant une DA au CHU Aristide Le Dantec. Patients et méthode Cette étude prospective d’intervention éducative avait inclus 22 participants atteints de DA. Les connaissances ont été évaluées avant et après les séances d’éducation thérapeutique. Les outils didactiques de la fondation eczéma des laboratoires Pierre-Fabre traduits en power point ont servi de support éducatif auxquels des confections d’outils didactiques et d’iconographies sur peau noire ont été ajoutées. La comparaison des moyennes était faite par le test de Student. Résultats Le diagnostic éducatif met en évidence une méconnaissance de : la maladie, ses facteurs aggravants, ses traitements ainsi qu’une fréquente corticophobie. L’ETP permet l’acquisition de connaissances théoriques et de compétences pratiques en plus d’une autonomisation des participants. De plus, elle réduit la corticophobie bien que la peur vis-à-vis des dermocorticoïdes ait persisté. Conclusion L’ETP à travers d’outils didactiques contextualisés à nos malades a permis d’améliorer la connaissance et les compétences au cours de la DA.

Introduction Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic, recurrent dermatosis. In Africa, studies on seborrheic dermatitis are very rare. Objective Our aim was to determine the epidemiological and clinical aspects and factors associated with SD in black-skinned adults in Dakar. Material and Methods Cross-sectional, analytic study with prospective data collection, conducted from April 1st to September 30th of 2018, in Dakar's two dermatology referral departments and one dermatology consultation unit. Results We enrolled 111 patients, representing a hospital frequency of 1.6%. The mean age of patients was 33 years, with a sex ratio of 0.2. Singles accounted for 54% and married for 42% of cases. Pupils or students accounted for 32% and housewives for 28%. Stress was present in 40.54% of cases, systemic disease in 23.42% and atopy in 21.62%. Pruritus was absent in 53%. Scaling was found in 88% (n=98) of cases. The scalp was affected in 83.78% and the face in 47%. Acne was noted in 14.4%. HIV serology was negative in 97% (n=108) of patients who tested positive. There was a statistically significant relationship between scalp localization and factors such as stress (p=0.034), female gender (p= 0.023), married status (p=0.021) and the existence of a systemic disease (p=0.048). Facial localization was related to male gender (p=0.0204). Conclusion SD is relatively common in skin of color adults in Dakar. Women are mainly affected. Factors associated with this condition include psychosocial status and systemic diseases.

Background: Our aim was to establish the epidemiological and etiological profile of chronic leg ulcers (CLUs) in Senegal. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, analytical study at the Dermatology Department of Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital Center (HALD) in Dakar from January 2008 to January 2018 (10 years). Data was entered in Excel and analyzed with Epi Info 7. Results: We recorded 154 cases. The sex ratio was 1.75. The main causes were vascular in 69 cases (44.8%), infectious in 29 (18.8%), and sickle cell disease in 15 (9.7%). Etiology has not been identified in 23 patients (15.1%). Vascular origin was venous in 64 cases (92% of vascular causes) without any statistical link with sex (p = 0.408), arterial in 3 (4%), and mixed in 2 (3%). Conclusion: In Senegal, LCUs are predominantly observed in young males. Causes are dominated by venous insufficiency, followed by infection. Key words: Chronic leg ulcer, Venous insufficiency, Senegal

Background:Pseudofolliculitis barbae (PFB) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease favoured by shaving. It is particularly common among black Africans belonging to certain socio-professional categories who are obliged to shave. Its aesthetic and professional damage is very significant. However, very few data are available for this condition, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. Objective:To determine the epidemiological and clinical aspects, and the risk factors associated with the occurrence of PFB in Dakar. Population and methods:This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in March 2019, including 655 police students at the National Police Academy in Dakar, all of African descent and with curly hair, who were required to shave weekly and agreed to participate in this study. The diagnosis of PFB was clinically based. Data analysis was processed using Epi-info version 6.0 software. Pearson's chi-square test was used for bivariate analysis with a significance threshold of p < 0.05. The Odds Ratio, with its 95% confidence interval, was used to determine the risk factors. Results:Among the 655 officers, 254 had PFB, with a prevalence of 38.8%. The prevalence of PFB was 43.7% in men (242 men out of 554) and 11.9% in women (12 women out of 101). The average age of patients with PFB was 26.80 years (± 2.59), ranging from 22 to 36 years. The age of onset of PFB was between 18 and 20 years for the majority (39.8%), with a mean age of onset of 22.2 years (± 3.6). PFB lesions were pruritic in 84.6% of cases, papular in 96.8%, and/or pustular in 60.2%. The submandibular region was the most affected site (69.8%). Complications were noted in 90.1% of cases in the form of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (87%) and keloid scars (3.1%). The risk factors associated with PFB were male sex (p<0.0001; OR=5.7; CI95% [3.07-10.75]), family history of PFB (p<0.0001; OR=5; CI95% [3.35-7.37]), keloid-prone skin (p<0.0001; OR=2.9; CI95% [1.63-4.96]), association with acne keloidalis nuchae (p<0.0001; OR=8.8; CI95% [5.55-14.08]), use of a single-blade razor (p<0.0001; OR=2.5; CI95% [1.69-3.70]), use of a fixed-head razor (p<0.0001; OR=1.8 CI95% [1.28-2.77]), shaving against the grain (p<0.0001; OR = 6.3; CI95%= [4.33-9.08]), non-use of shaving products (p = 0.009; OR = 1.5; CI95%= [1.06-2]) and waxing (p<0.004; OR=2.7; CI95% [1.33-5.77]). On the other hand, the use of clippers (p<0.0001; OR = 0.5 CI95% [0.33-0.65]), pre-shave products (p<0.0001; OR = 0.4 CI95% [0.29-0.61]) and the use of razors with movable heads (p<0.0009; OR = 0.2 CI95% [0.17-0.35]) were protective factors against PFB. Conclusion:Our study confirms the high incidence of PFB in this population of black men of African descent. A genetic abnormality revealed by shaving must be evoked in the occurrence of PFB. Further genetic and immunohistochemical studies would be needed to support this hypothesis.

Les toxidermies de l’enfant représentent 35 à 36 % des effets indésirables médicamenteux chez l’enfant [1]. Elles peuvent dans 2 % des cas, engager le pronostic vital et ou fonctionnel [2]. Le but de ce travail était de : déterminer les médicaments responsables de toxidermie chez l’enfant en milieu hospitalier à Dakar. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale, observationnelle, descriptive, sur une période de 10 ans, portant sur les enfants ayant été vus dans les 3 centres hospitaliers universitaires dermatologiques de référence à Dakar. Nous avons colligé 116 cas, soit une fréquence hospitalière de 0,08 % sur une population de 146 000 patients. Le sex ratio était de 1,23. L’âge moyen des patients était de 7 ans. Les types de toxidermie étaient le syndrome de Stevens Johnson/Lyell dans 42,2 %, l’EPF dans 11,2 %, l’EMP dans 10,3 %, l’urticaire dans 8,6 %. Une atteinte muqueuse était retrouvée dans 50,9 %. Les complications étaient des troubles hydro-électrolytiques dans 22,4 %, une infection 7,7 % et une hypothermie dans 1,7 %. Les classes médicamenteuses incriminées étaient les antibiotiques dans 41,4 %, les antiépileptiques dans 17,2 %, les AINS et les antalgiques dans 15,5 % chacun, les antipaludéens dans 8,6 %. Les plantes traditionnelles ont été incriminées dans 7,7 % des cas. Les antibiotiques constituent les médicaments les plus incriminés dans les toxidermies en milieu hospitalier à Dakar, suivis des antiépileptiques. Le syndrome de Stevens Johnson/Lyell constitue la forme clinique la plus fréquente. Toxidermia in the paediatric population accounts for 35 to 36% of adverse drug reactions in children [1]. In 2% of cases, they can affect the vital and/or functional prognosis [2]. The aim of this work was to determine the drugs responsible of toxidermia in pediatric population in a hospital environment in Dakar. This was a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study, over a period of 10 years, of children seen in the 3 dermatological university hospitals of reference in Dakar. We collected 116 cases, representing a hospital incidence of 0.08%. The sex ratio was 1.23. The mean age of the patients was 7 years. The types of toxidermia were Stevens Johnson/Lyell syndrome in 42.2%, EPF in 11.2%, EMP in 10.3%, urticaria in 8.6%. Mucosal involvement was found in 50.9%. Complications were hydro-electrolytic disorders in 22.4%, infection in 7.7% and hypothermia in 1.7%. The incriminated drug classes were antibiotics in 41.4%, antiepileptics in 17.2%, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in 15.5%, analgesics in 15.5% and antimalarials in 8.6%. Traditional plants were incriminated in 7.7% of cases. Antibiotics and antiepileptics are the most common drugs involved in children toxidermia in Dakar. Stevens Johnson/Lyell syndrome is the most frequent clinical form.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is on the increase worldwide. In Africa, 40% of cases are associated with tropical endemic limbo-conjunctivitis (TELC). Its predominance in early childhood has a major impact on the quality of life of children and their parents, leading to absenteeism from school and work. The aim of this study was to assess the particularities of AD associated with TELC in Dakar. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study with prospective data collection over a six-month period, conducted at dermatology and ophthalmology departments in Dakar. All patients treated for atopic dermatitis with or without TELC were included in the study. Data entry and analysis were performed with SPSS 18. Results: From the study, 97 cases of atopic dermatitis were identified. Among these, 49 had AD associated with TELC. The sex ratio was 1.18 (36 boys and 13 girls). The mean age of patients was ten years. The age range between 5 and 10 years was more represented. There was atopy equivalent to allergic rhinitis in 44 cases, asthma in 16 cases, allergic conjunctivitis in 14 cases, and food allergy in 20 cases. 31 cases of AD were mild, 16 moderate, and 2 severe according to SCORAD. Patients were in stage I in 26 cases and in stage II in 13 cases according to Diallo’s TECL classification. All patients were managed by dermatologists and ophthalmologists. Aeroallergen prick tests were performed in thirty cases. Tests were positive for house dust mites in 23 cases (92%), animal dander in 11 cases (44%), molds in 7 cases (28%), and pollens in 2 cases (8%). Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and farinae were the most common aeroallergens. Patch tests were positive for potassium dichromate in 4 cases, cobalt in 4 cases, nickel in 3 cases, and lanolin in 4 cases. Conclusion: AD associated with TECL remains common in tropical environments. They share common aggravating environmental factors, notably hypersensitivity to aeroallergens and a predominance in early childhood. The major impact on functional prognosis makes therapeutic education and multidisciplinary management of patients essential. Key words: Atopic dermatitis, Tropical limbo-conjunctivitis, Dakar

Introduction: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is rare in sub-Saharan Africa. In Senegal, its prevalence was estimated at 0.09% in 2004. It occurs most frequently in pre-neoplastic acquired or genetic dermatoses. The aims of this study were to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of SCC, and to identify associated risk factors. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in the Oncology Department at the Joliot Curie Institute of the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital over a 7-year period (January 2015 to December 2021). We included all patients hospitalized and followed up for SCC. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. Data entry and analysis were performed using epi-info software version 7.2.5.0 and Excel 365. Results: We recorded 189 cases of SCC, representing an incidence of 24 cases per year and a hospital frequency of 0.77%. The mean age was 51 and the sex ratio 1.28. The ulcero-budding form was predominant in 67.2% of cases. The majority of lesions were located on the lower limbs (30.6%) and 28.4% on the cephalic extremity. Squamous cell carcinoma was well-differentiated in 49.2%. Metastases were present in 40.2%. Pre-neoplastic dermatoses were noted in 28.6%. These were burn scars in 43%, chronic ulcer in 23.39%, discoid lupus in 2%, Buschke Lowenstein tumor in 4%. Geno dermatoses included albinism in 6 cases and xeroderma pigmentosum in one. Voluntary use of depigmenting cosmetics was noted in 11 cases. Patients underwent surgery in 32.3%, radiotherapy in 8.5% and chemotherapy in 32.8%. Favorable progression was in 20.6%. Recurrence was noted in 2 cases, metastasis in 3 and death in 5. Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma remains a serious tumor in Africa. There is a delay in diagnosis, with some tumors being very advanced. Early surgical management is the main factor in curing the cancer.

La dermatite atopique (DA) est en nette croissance dans le monde. En Afrique, elle est associée à la LCET dans 40 % des cas. Sa prédominance pendant la petite enfance a un retentissement majeur sur la qualité de vie des enfants et de leurs parents et est source d’absentéisme scolaire et professionnel. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer les particularités de la DA associée à la LCET. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale, multicentrique avec recueil prospectif pendant 6 mois, effectuée dans des services de dermatologie et d’ophtalmologie. Tous les patients suivis pour une dermatite atopique associée ou non à une LCET ont été inclus dans l’étude. La saisie et l’analyse des données étaient effectuées avec le logiciel SPSS version 18. Nous avons recensé 97 cas. Parmi ces malades 50 % (49 cas) avaient une DA associée à la LCET. Le sex-ratio était de 2,76 (36 garcons–13 filles). L’âge moyen était de 10 ans. La tranche d’âge entre 5 et 10 ans était la plus représentée. Il existait une rhinite allergique dans 44 cas, un asthme dans 16 cas, une conjonctivite allergique dans 14 cas et une allergie alimentaire dans 20 cas. La DA était légère dans 31 cas, modérée dans 16 cas et sévère dans 2 cas selon le SCORAD. Les patients étaient au stade I dans 26 cas et au stade II dans 13 cas selon la classification de Diallo de la LCET. Tous les patients étaient pris en charge par les dermatologues et les ophtalmologues. Les prick-tests aux pneumallergènes ont été réalisés dans 30 cas. Les tests étaient positifs aux acariens dans 23 cas (92 %), aux phanères des animaux dans 11 cas (44 %), moisissures dans 7 cas (28 %), aux pollens dans 2 cas (8 %). Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus et D. farinae étaient les pneumallergènes les plus représentés. Les patchs-tests était positifs au bichromate de potassium dans 4 cas, au cobalt dans 4 cas, au nikel dans 3 cas, à la lanoline dans 4 cas et au textile dye dans 4 cas. Dans notre série, nous avons observé une association entre DA-LCET dans 50 % des cas, ce qui est supérieurs aux résultats de la littérature. Par ailleurs, la prédominance masculine est bien établie pour la LCET ; il s’agit d’une pathologie du jeune garçon, les petits garçons passant plus de temps à jouer dehors que les petites filles. Il est aussi établi que la DA à début précoce, le sexe masculin, un antécédent familial de LCET, ainsi que la sensibilisation précoce sont des facteurs de risque de l’association DA-LCET. Nous n’avons pas noté de lien entre la gravité de la DA et la gravité de la LCET. Par ailleurs, DA et LCET partagent les mêmes facteurs déterminants de poussées : exposition aux trophallergènes, aux facteurs environnementaux (pneumallergènes), avec une notion de polysensibilisation plus marquée relativement aux études de patients présentant une DA seule ou une LCET seule. La DA associée à la LCET demeure fréquente en milieu tropical. Elles partagent des facteurs environnementaux aggravants en communs notamment l’hypersensibilité aux pneumallergènes et une prédominance à la petite enfance. Le retentissement majeur sur le pronostic fonctionnel rend nécessaire l’éducation thérapeutique et la prise en charge multidisciplinaire des patients.

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is on the rise in industrialized countries. It is underestimated in Africa. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary profile of atopic dermatitis, and to identify its impact on patients' quality of life. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective multicenter descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study in three dermatology referral departments in Dakar for over 3 years. We included all patients who consulted us for atopic dermatitis. Results: We identified 301 cases of atopic dermatitis, representing a hospital frequency of 0.6%. The mean age was 17 years. Pruritus was the main functional symptom. According to SCORAD, atopic dermatitis was mild in 50 cases (16.6%), moderate in 226 cases (75.10%), and severe in 25 cases (8.3%). AD was associated with seborrheic dermatitis in 1.9% and allergic contact dermatitis in 1.6%. Skin infections included staphylococcal in 8.97%, herpetic in 3.03% and scabies in 1.6%. Topical steroids and skin infections were the first-line treatment, in combining with therapeutic education. Methotrexate and azathioprine were used in 3 cases. Complete response was observed in 76.6% of patients. Conclusion: Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease in Senegal. Early management and therapeutic education can prevent complications and reduce the psychological and social impact.

Introduction. - Toxidermia in the paediatric population accounts for 35 to 36% of adverse drug reactions in children [1]. In 2% of cases, they can affect the vital and/or functional prognosis [2]. The aim of this work was to determine the drugs responsible of toxidermia in pediatric population in a hospital environment in Dakar.Methodology. - This was a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study, over a period of 10 years, of children seen in the 3 dermatological university hospitals of reference in Dakar.Results. - We collected 116 cases, representing a hospital incidence of 0.08%. The sex ratio was 1.23. The mean age of the patients was 7 years. The types of toxidermia were Stevens Johnson/Lyell syn-drome in 42.2%, EPF in 11.2%, EMP in 10.3%, urticaria in 8.6%. Mucosal involvement was found in 50.9%. Complications were hydro-electrolytic disorders in 22.4%, infection in 7.7% and hypothermia in 1.7%. The incriminated drug classes were antibiotics in 41.4%, antiepileptics in 17.2%, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in 15.5%, analgesics in 15.5% and antimalarials in 8.6%. Traditional plants were incriminated in 7.7% of cases.Conclusion. - Antibiotics and antiepileptics are the most common drugs involved in children toxidermia in Dakar. Stevens Johnson/Lyell syndrome is the most frequent clinical form.(c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a considerable impact on chronic disease monitoring. Previous work has asserted that people living with HIV (PLHIV) are at risk of developing COVID-19 and have difficulty accessing care and antiretroviral (ARV) treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV/COVID-19 co-infection and vaccination and to assess the impact of the pandemic on the follow-up of PLHIV and on their psychosocial and economic lives. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted from August 16, 2021, to October 10, 2021, at two dermatology departments of Dakar. We included all PLHIV followed at these two services during the study period. Results: We identified 57 cases of PLHIV. The hospital frequency was 6.44%, the mean age was 46, and the sex ratio was 0.54. The prevalence of COVID-19 infection was 14.1%. All cases had a mild clinical form of COVID-19, outpatient management, complete remission, and no deaths were noted during the follow-up. Viral load was available and undetectable in 25%. All patients co-infected with HIV/COVID-19 were on antiretroviral therapy. The prevalence of PLHIV vaccinated against COVID-19 was 31.6%. During the COVID-19 pandemic, 28.1% of cases missed their appointments. 96.5% of cases accessed to ARV treatment. However, 3.5% of PLHIV stopped their ARV treatment for reasons unrelated to the COVID-19 pandemic. Opportunistic infections were present in 31.6% of cases, with a significant impact on psychological (64.9%), social (45.6%), and economic (71.9%) well-being, as well as on quality of life in 59.6% of cases. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic and its health measures have had a major impact on the follow-up and quality of life of people living with HIV. The reinforcement of therapeutic education, barrier measures, and COVID-19 vaccination seem to contribute to improving the quality of life of PLHIV. Key words: HIV, COVID-19, Psychosocial impact

Le pseudomycétome dermatophytique est une infection profonde sous cutanée liée à la pénétration dermique de dermatophytes d’origine endogène. Cette affection, relativement rare, est peu connue des praticiens. Moins d’une cinquantaine de cas sont décrits dans la littérature, dont la plupart en milieu tropical. Nous rapportons un nouveau cas particulier par sa présentation clinique tumorale à l’origine d’un retard diagnostique considérable. Une adolescente âgée de 17 ans, sans antécédents particuliers, était reçue en consultation pour une lésion tumorale asymptomatique du cuir chevelu, évoluant depuis 2 ans. Elle consultait plusieurs praticiens et avait recours à plusieurs traitements médicamenteux et traditionnels sans amélioration. À l’examen dermatologique, on notait une tumeur bourgeonnante et ulcérée, mesurant 10 cm de grand axe, sans émission de grains visibles, localisée sur le vertex. L’aspect clinique faisait évoquer en première intention une tumeur maligne, en particulier un carcinome épidermoïde ou un carcinome trichilemmal. L’histopathologie montrait au sein du derme, un processus granulomateux polymorphe avec des cellules géantes multinucléées, entourant de multiples amas filamenteux, arrondies, formés d’hyphes septés, en forme de pseudograins. La coloration au PAS était positive. Le prélèvement mycologique mettait en évidence un parasitisme pilaire endo- et ecthotrix et la culture permettait d’isoler du Microsporum canis. La radiographie et le scanner du crâne ne mettaient pas en évidence d’envahissement osseux. Le diagnostic de pseudomycétome dermatophytique était retenu. Une exérèse chirurgicale, associée à la prise de Terbinafine à la posologie de 250 mg par jour, pendant six mois, était indiquée chez notre patiente. Le pseudomycétome dermatophytique est un piège diagnostique. La présentation clinique tumorale du cuir chevelu doit être connue et évoquée, surtout en milieu tropical.