A logistics service company may face capacity issues due to distribution delays, resulting in goods accumulating in branch offices with unknown locations. To resolve this problem, we will implement the Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Network (STGNN) combined with the dominating set technique to predict these branch office locations. The STGNN utilizes graph theory to represent relationships between branch offices in Indonesia. Simulation data on goods shipments across Indonesia are observed for 30 days, categorized as spatial-temporal data, and fed into the STGNN. This process involves three stages: node embeddings, training, and testing/forecasting. We implement some Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models with various hidden layer architectures. The results show that the best model of ANN is cascade forward metwork and the MSE 1,6714×〖10〗^(-9).

\textbf{Background}: One of the topics of distance in graphs is the resolving set problem. Suppose the set $W=\{s_1,s_2,…,s_k\}\subset V(G)$, the vertex representations of $\in V(G)$ is $r_m(x|W)=\{d(x,s_1),d(x,s_2),…,d(x,s_k)\}$, where $d(x,s_i)$ is the length of the shortest path of the vertex $x$ and the vertex in $W$ together with their multiplicity. The set $W$ is called a local $m$-resolving set of graphs $G$ if $r_m (v|W)\neq r_m (u|W)$ for $uv\in E(G)$. The local $m$-resolving set having minimum cardinality is called the local multiset basis and its cardinality is called the local multiset dimension of $G$, denoted by $md_l(G)$. Thus, if $G$ has an infinite local multiset dimension and then we write $md_l (G)=\infty$. \\ \textbf{Methods}: This research is pure research with exploration design. There are several stages in this research, namely we choose the special graph which is operated by amalgamation and the set of vertices and edges of amalgamation of graphs; determine the set $W\subset V(G)$; determine the vertex representation of two adjacent vertices in $G$; and prove the theorem.\\ \textbf{Results}: The results of this research are an upper bound of local multiset dimension of the amalgamation of graphs namely $md_l(Amal(G,v,m))\leq m.md_l(G)$ and their exact value of local multiset dimension of some families of graphs namely $md_l(Amal(P_n,v,m))=1$, $md_l(Amal(K_n,v,m))=\infty$, $md_l(Amal(W_n,v,m))=m. md_l(W_n)$, $md_l(Amal(F_n,v,m))=m. md_l(F_n)$ for $d(v)=n$, $md_l(Amal(F_n,v,m))=m. \lfloor\frac{n}{4}\rfloor$. \\ \textbf{Conclusions}: We have found the upper bound of a local multiset dimension. There are some graphs which attain the upper bound of local multiset dimension namely wheel graphs\\

Education is a milestone in the development of every individual’s mindset. With the development of the times, it is necessary to adjust in the field of education. One way is by developing learning tools using the research-based learning-STEAM model which aims to improve students’ meta literacy thinking skills. The method to be used in this research is a mixed method and the research procedure to be used, namely in the form of 4D development research consists of the defining stage, the design stage, the development stage, and the dissemination stage. From the device development process, the validation score obtained in each device is 3.6 for RTM, 3.5 for LKM, 3.5 for meta literacy skills test, 3.5 for the response questionnaire, 3.5 for implementation observation, 3.4 for activity observation, and 3.56 for the questionnaire. The practicality test of the learning device obtained 3.89 with a percentage of 97.25%. The effectiveness test was divided into the completeness of the meta-literation skills test with 85% of students completed, analysis of student activities with 95.5% activity, and 81.8% for the results of positive student questionnaire responses. The device as a whole meets the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. Furthermore, the Chi-Square test was conducted. Chi-Square test results obtained Asymp. Sig. 0.004 <0.05, which means that there is an increase in the distribution of student meta-literacy skill test levels from those that tend to gather in low-medium thinking abilities with 17 low-level students and 10 medium-level students at the pre-test, to those that tend to gather in the medium-high meta literacy thinking category with 11 medium-level students and 12 high-level students at the post-test.

Society Era 5.0 is a society that can solve various challenges and social problems by utilizing various innovations from the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0.To be able to face the society era 5.0, students have to be equipped with 21st century skills and basic literacy skills (data literacy, technological literacy, human beings).Thus, appropriate learning approach is needed, i.e., the application of the STEM approach and the Research Based Learning (RBL) model.STEM is an approach that combines four fields, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics.The RBL model trains students to be able to solve problems that occur in the surrounding environment and are appointed as research.Today's modern society is very fond of drinking coffee, and Indonesia is one of the largest coffeeproducing countries in the world.Coffee contains a lot of secondary metabolites that are very beneficial for health, antioxidants.One of the processes in serving coffee is through the roasting process, but this process can damage the secondary metabolite content.With the application of STEM and RBL, students will conduct research or simple research, assessing the right roast level for several types of coffee so that they can produce coffee that has the right taste.The purpose of this study was to design learning based on the STEM approach and related RBL models by assessing the right roast level for several types of coffee so that they could produce the right taste.

Conjecturing thinking skills are prediction skills obtained from recognizing patterns of mathematical phenomena or real-life problems. Indicators of conjecturing skills, namely: observing cases, organizing cases, finding and predicting patterns, formulating conjectures, validating conjectures, generalizing conjectures, and justifying conjectures. This research aims to develop RBL learning materials with STEM approach. Learning materials that can support the success of learning activities in improving conjecturing skills must be developed by meeting several criteria, namely valid, practical, and effective. The validity score obtained for each device is 3.53 for the student assignment design with a percentage of 88.33%, 3.46 for the student worksheet with a percentage of 86.54%, and 3.5 for the learning outcomes test with a percentage of 87.5%. The average score of the overall learning implementation observation was 3.78 with a percentage of 94.42%. There were 24 completed students or about 80%, the average score percentage of student activity was 94.42%, and 94.47% of students gave positive responses.

Developments in technology, particularly in the computer and android world, play a crucial role in education and have significant benefits in supporting the learning process, thereby promoting students' metacognition thinking skills in solving problems of polygons tessellation problems through the development of project-based learning tools assisted by Autodesk Sketchbook.This research aims to determine the form, process, results, and implementation of the development of projectbased learning tools assisted by Autodesk Sketchbook in improving students' metacognition thinking skills in solving problems of polygon tessellation problems.The research used the R&D method with the Four-D development model.The sample for this study consisted of 25 fourth-grade students from SDN Kayen Bandarkedungmulyo, Kab.Jombang.Instruments were used to collect data on students' metacognition, which was analyzed by observing fourth-grade classes at SDN Kayen Bandarkedungmulyo and calculating pretest and posttest scores.The validation test was conducted by subject matter experts (syllabus, lesson plans, teaching materials, and student worksheets).In its application, the project-based learning tools assisted by Autodesk Sketchbook used six syntax concepts in scientific disciplines to improve students' metacognition thinking skills in solving problems of polygon tessellation problems

Computational thinking is thinking process that is needed in formulating problems and solutions, so that these solutions can be effective information processing agents in solving problems. Indicators of computational thinking consist of problem decomposition, algorithmic thinking, pattern recognition, abstraction and generalization. To improve higher-order thinking skills, we apply RBL learning integrated with STEM approach and their aplication to batik matif design. To improve students’ thinking skills, it is necessary to develop tools that support the success of learning activities. The learning tools that have been developed meet the criteria of valid, practical, and effective. The validity score obtained on each device is 3.58 for the student assignment plan (RTM), 3.47 for the student worksheet (LKM), and 3.64 for the learning outcomes test (THB). The observation result of the learning implementation score was 3.72 with a percentage of 93%. In addition to being valid and practical, the material also meets the criteria for effectiveness. On average, 95% of students in this trial class are classified as complete students and the response from students is positive. Based on the test results, researchers got 23 students who scored above 60. This means that 82% of students in this class have completed and met one of the effectiveness criteria. Student response questionnaires also give more positive responses than negative responses.

The advanced development of airport infrastructure is intended to improve airport services for air flight costumers.Thus, it is compulsory to maintain the sustainability system for service establishment.The purpose of this research is to apply the concept of Spatial Temporal Graph Neural Network (STGNN) integrated with Resolving Efficient Dominating Set (REDS) to analyze density of airport passengers flow.This research method includes the analytical and the experimental techniques.The input data involves the number of in-coming and out-coming airline, number of schedule, number of passengers and the weather.The results shows that the use of the Spatial Temporal Graph Neural Network and Resolving Efficient Dominating Set are effective tools for Airport Passengers Flow analysis, with cascadeforwardnet ANN (665) get MSE TEST 1.0328× -09 .

Resolving independent dominating set is the development of metric dimension and independent dominating set. Resolving independent dominating sets is a concept which discusses about determining the minimum vertex on a graph provided that the vertex that becomes the dominating set can dominate the surrounding vertex and there are no two adjacent vertices dominator and also meet the requirement of metric dimension where each vertex in graph G must have a different representation which respect to the resolving independent dominating set . In this study, we examined the resolving independent dominating set of flower graphs, gear graphs, and sunflower graphs.

Cocoa or Theobroma cacao L. is a plantation product that has high economic value and is very popular for its processed fruit.The large market demand for cocoa is not proportional to the low level of productivity.The main issue in cocoa plantations is the high incidence and rapid spread of disease.The most common disease is Vascular Streak Dieback (VSD).Appropriate treatment must be carried out immediately to maintain productivity.Identifying diseases based on leaf image using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) can simplify and speed up the detection of diseases.This study compares four CNN architectures, namely AlexNet, SqueezeNet, Darknet, and modified CNN to identify cocoa plants infected with VSD.The total number of datasets used is 1200 images, consisting of 600 images for the healthy class and the remaining 600 images for the VSD class.The best results were obtained with the DarkNet-19 model, with a test accuracy of 98.61%.

Generalization is the process of drawing general or simple conclusions about a problem. The stages of mathematical generalization consist of four stages, namely perception of generality, expression of generality, symbolic expression of generality, and manipulation of generality . There needs to be a learning model that can improve students’ generalization thinking skills, one of which is by using the Research Based Learning (RBL) model. The Research Based Learning (RBL) model is also supported by the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) approach to make it easier for students to develop generalization thinking skills. In this study, there searchers developed a material using the Research Based Learning (RBL) model and the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) approach, with the aim of improving students’ generalization skills. The results of developing research-based learning materials in with the STEM approach after testing the materials in and analyzing them, it can be concluded that the materials in meet the valid, practical, and effective criteria.

Irregular coloring is a proper coloring and each vertex on a graph must have a different code. The color code of a vertex v is where and is the number of vertices that are adjacent to v and colored i. The minimum k-color used in irregular coloring is called the irregular chromatic number and denoted by . In this paper, we discuss the irregular chromatic number for the bull graph, pan graph, sun graph, peach graph, and caveman graph.

Let be a connected graph. is said to be unicyclic if it contains exactly one cycle, and bicyclic if the number of edges equals the number of vertices plus one.For a -ordered set = { 1 , 2 , … , } ⊂ V(G), the multiset representation of a vertex in with respect to is given as (|) = {(, 1 ), (, 2 ), … , (, )}, where (, ) is the distance between and the ordered subset of together with their multiplicities.The set is called a local -resolving set of if for every ∈ (), (|) ≠ (|).The local -resolving set with minimum cardinality is called the local multiset basis and its cardinality is called the local multiset dimension of , denoted by ().If has no local resolving set, we write () = ∞ and say that has an infinite local multiset dimension.In this paper, we determine the local multiset dimension of the unicyclic and bicyclic graphs.

Creative thinking is one of the 21st-century skills that can be developed through learning mathematics. Mathematics learning involves the culture students already know to facilitate students’ understanding. Mojokerto City carries the slogan Spirit of Majapahit, giving the city’s layout a nuance. The concept of two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes with a Majapahit nuance can be used as a source of ethnomathematics learning to enhance creative thinking skills. Teaching about two-dimensional shapes can be used as teaching material to improve creative thinking skills. Creative thinking skills are an individual’s ability to find new ways, strategies, ideas, or concepts about how to obtain a solution to a problem. Students’ thinking skills may need to be higher. One reason is that the teaching methods used so far have yet to highlight the concept of two-dimensional shapes related to ethnomathematics. Therefore, this study will apply an ethnomathematics-based learning activity framework based on the Majapahit culture with a STEAM approach by using cardboard to make miniature buildings to improve students’ creative thinking skills. The most suitable approach is STEAM since it integrates five disciplines to enhance further creative thinking skills in solving problems related to two-dimensional and spatial constructions.

Let be a connected graph with vertex set and edge set . A bijection from to the set is a labeling of graph . The bijection is called rainbow antimagic vertex labeling if for any two edge and in path , where and . Rainbow antimagic coloring is a graph which has a rainbow antimagic labeling. Thus, every rainbow antimagic labeling induces a rainbow coloring G where the edge weight is the color of the edge . The rainbow antimagic connection number of graph is the smallest number of colors of all rainbow antimagic colorings of graph , denoted by . In this study, we studied rainbow antimagic coloring and have an exact value of rainbow antimagic connection number of joint product of graph where is graph , graph , graph , graph and graph .

Purpose: This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of intangible assets in increasing sustainable competitive advantage and performance in microfinance institutions as well as the influence of strategic flexibility as a moderating variable. Theoretical framework: The five variables studied, namely intellectual capital and social capital, each measured with three dimensions as independent variables, sustainable competitive advantage as variable intervening and performance as dependent variables, and the influence of strategic flexibility moderation. Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted with a quantitative approach; questioners were given to MFI leaders in Madura while analysis of the influence of each variable using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques with the help of SmartPLS 3.0 software. Findings: The results of the analysis show that intellectual capital has a significant effect on sustainable competitive advantage and performance, social capital has a significant impact on sustainable competitive advantage but does not affect performance, while strategic flexibility weakens the influence of intellectual capital on firm performance and strengthens the effect of social capital on performance. Research, Practical & Social Implications: The following study can be more detailed by measuring and exploring the influence of each dimension, both social capital and intellectual capital dimensions. Company leaders must continue to increase the value of intellectual capital and develop social relations and utilize these relationships in alternative strategies. Originality/value: This study investigates the influence of intellectual capital and social capital on sustainable competitive advantage and performance in a hyper-competitive business environment as well as the effect of moderation of strategic flexibility with research objects in Islamic microfinance institutions.

The rapid and massive digital development has penetrated all aspects of life, including education.Digital technology plays an important role in learning and facilitates access to information and learning materials.One of them is digital worksheets which provide convenience in accessing and learning materials anywhere and anytime with the availability of an internet connection.The development of digital worksheets with a problem-based learning model for mathematics with the subject of integer addition aims to solve problems related to integer addition, thus improving critical thinking skills.Thus far, integer addition has been considered an abstract and difficult subject to understand.The techniques used in this digital worksheet are based on several references and instructional videos available on YouTube, such as the number line technique and the positive-negative sign technique.These techniques are still considered abstract and difficult to comprehend.To make it easier to understand the concept of integer addition, the worksheet introduces the technique of pairing bottle caps of two different colors, resulting in the Pairing Numbers technique.This technique can be implemented in various integer addition problems with larger numbers.