Resumen Este artículo analiza los actores que participaron del proceso doméstico de formulación de la posición argentina sobre el tratado global de plásticos y cómo sus intereses y perspectivas se reflejan en dicha posición. El periodo analizado comprende desde la convocatoria a la negociación internacional en marzo 2022 hasta el cuarto encuentro de negociación en abril 2024. En base al marco conceptual del enfoque de coaliciones promotoras, se identifican tres coaliciones de actores interactuando en este proceso: una coalición dominante conformada por diferentes actores gubernamentales y de la industria del plástico y dos coaliciones minoritarias. Estas coaliciones difieren en cuanto a sus objetivos de política prioritarios, en cómo conceptualizan el problema de la contaminación por plásticos y a sus preferencias respecto al alcance del tratado internacional. El análisis demuestra que la posición argentina refleja primordialmente los planteos y preferencias de la coalición dominante.

En esta entrevista, el doctor Daniel Ryan sintetiza algunos de los hallazgos más importantes de sus investigaciones relacionadas con la política y las políticas públicas climáticas desarrolladas durante más de una década. La entrevista cubre las relaciones entre la emergencia de la agenda climática global y sus repercusiones en América Latina, los avances en la producción y uso de conocimiento técnico-científico en la toma de decisiones, así como las iniciativas impulsadas en varios niveles de gobierno, sectores y grupos de la sociedad. Por último, plantea temas de investigación de interés para jóvenes investigadores.

This contribution analyzes the policymaking process of the carbon tax in Argentina based on the multiple streams approach (MSA). The study shows how policy entrepreneurs took advantage of a general tax reform bill to promote the idea of a carbon tax. Mainly driven by international emulation and reputational gains concerns, the carbon tax proposal successfully advanced through the government ' s internal drafting process of the Tax Reform Bill, however, it faced strong opposition during the legislative decision-making process, which resulted in the adoption of a weaker carbon tax. From a climate politics perspective, the Argentine carbon tax case suggests the political limitations of an over-reliance on international reputation arguments to advance climate policy innovation. In relation to the MSA, the study highlights how policy windows can shape processes of policy innovation and the analytical convenience of differentiating the coupling processes between the agenda-setting and decision-making stages.

This article identifies and analyzes some of the main knowledge gaps that affect the development of climate adaptation policies in the Latin American context. It is based on a comparative analysis of online survey results conducted among government officials working on climate adaptation in six countries of the region: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Paraguay and Uruguay. The article addresses four key issues. First, it identifies some of the critical knowledge deficits (missing or incomplete information) that affect climate adaptation policy making and implementation. Second, it addresses the obstacles and difficulties facing collaborative processes of knowledge production (co-production) between scientists and public policy actors. Third, it analyzes factors affecting knowledge uptake and use by policymakers. Finally, it identifies some of the main knowledge deficits specifically affecting the monitoring and assessment of climate adaptation policies and measures. Overall, the article provides a diagnosis of the main knowledge gaps facing climate adaptation policy in the Latin American countries studied. The results of this diagnosis can serve as input for a research and action agenda aiming to strength the interaction between science and policy on climate adaptation in Latin American countries. Key policy insights The countries covered by the study suffer strong knowledge deficits related to the design, implementation and evaluation of adaptation policy. Collaborative modes of knowledge production in the field of climate adaptation do not tend to sustain over time. Climate change co-production processes tend to be project based, linked to specific initiatives rather than to institutionalized long-term policymaking or planning processes. The fragmentation and lack of integration of the knowledge available on the different aspects of climate adaptation issues deeply affect their usability in policy processes. Weak state capabilities to co-produce, manage and use knowledge in the policy process constitute a main barrier affecting the science-policy interface on climate adaptation issues.

espanolEl proceso de ensenanza que los docentes organizan en relacion con los aprendizajes de los estudiantes en el nivel universitario, presenta ciertas particularidades que tienen que ver con el contexto, la disciplina, el contenido, la profesion para la cual se esta formando, entre otros aspectos, que merecen ser explorados y abordados. Mas aun, en tiempos donde la expansion y creciente especializacion del conocimiento y el surgimiento de nuevas tecnologias, permita la formacion de grado y las propuestas pedagogicas que caracterizan a la misma. El proposito principal de este trabajo, de tipo exploratorio, consiste en analizar las descripciones de un grupo de docentes que dictan materias en carreras de grado pertenecientes a la Escuela de Ingenieria y Gestion del Instituto Tecnologico de Buenos Aires en torno a sus experiencias educativas innovadoras, como alternativas a la clase tradicional. En tal sentido, se entiende a la innovacion como la capacidad de cambiar las practicas y hacer algo nuevo, anclado en las motivaciones y el deseo de aprender de los alumnos, buscando responder al para que, es decir, preguntandose por el sentido y no solo por el que ensenar. Para la realizacion de este estudio, se tomaron en consideracion las respuestas voluntarias de un grupo de Profesores Responsables de Materias (PRM) a una pregunta abierta administrada por la Escuela de Ingenieria y Gestion, que permitio identificar en que aspectos innovan los docentes y cuales son sus motivaciones. Los resultados preliminares muestran que los cambios a los que hacen alusion los docentes son principalmente de tipo “instrumental”, centrados en la modificacion o incorporacion de nuevos recursos y metodologias (de ensenanza o de evaluacion) en el nivel aula, basandose en el supuesto de que su inclusion como componentes de la planificacion implican una transformacion en sus practicas de ensenanza. EnglishThe teaching and learning process that faculty organize at the university level, presents certain particularities that have to do with the context, institution and the discipline (profession) for which it is being formed, among other aspects that deserve to be explored and addressed. Moreover, in times where the expansion and increasing specialization of knowledge and the emergence of new technologies, permeates the pedagogical proposals of the undergraduate degrees. The main purpose of this work, exploratory type, is to analyze the descriptions of a group of professors who teach subjects in three undergraduate careers belonging to the School of Engineering and Management of the Technological Institute of Buenos Aires around their innovative educational experiences, as alternatives to traditional class. In this sense, innovation is understood as the ability to change practices and do something new, anchored in motivations and the desire to learn from students, seeking to respond to what for, that is, wondering about meaning and not just about what to teach. For the realization of this study, the voluntary responses of a group of Professors (responsible of their courses) to an open question administered by the School of Engineering and Management were taken into account, which allowed to identify in what aspects teachers innovate and which are their main motivations to do. The preliminary results show that the changes referred to by faculty are mainly of an instrumental type, focused on the modification or incorporation of new resources and methodologies (teaching or evaluation) at the classroom level, based on the assumption that their inclusion as components of planning implies (necessarily) a transformation in their teaching practices.

Abstract This article explores the politicization of climate issues in the Latin American context. In other words, to what extent climate change is a relevant issue for political parties and coalitions. This is a key aspect to analyze in order to have a better understanding of the opportunities and obstacles that affect the development of the climate agenda in a given political system. Specifically, the article addresses three key issues. First, it analyses the patterns of politicization of the climate problem prevailing among mainstream political parties and coalitions in countries of the region. Second, it addresses what factors influence the level of politicization of the climate agenda in Latin America. Finally, it explores the consequences of a greater or lesser level of politicization.

Abstract This article explores the issue of designing government institutions in charge of the climate agenda in the Latin American context. To this end, it identifies some key political challenges facing climate institutions in the countries of the region. In particular, it discusses four topics: First, the cross cutting nature of the climate agenda; second, the long-term perspective (and levels of uncertainty) posed by climate problems against the tighter time frames of political cycles; third, the power asymmetry between the government agencies in charge of climate issues and other areas of government; finally, the implementation deficits of climate policies. The article also discusses different types of institutional design responses to address each of these challenges and the advantages and limitations of each one.

This article reviews the literature on factors and conditions shaping the development and implementation of climate policy at the city level, with a special focus in developing countries. It identifies and analyses three main sets of conditions that are critical for explaining the implementation of urban climate policy: the capacity of municipal governments, the way climate policies are linked (or not) to local issues, and the role of local political actors and factors. The article outlines that there is a tendency in the literature to fall into the 'everything matters' trap when analyzing policy implementation. Many reports usually conclude by making long lists of factors that are relevant for the development of local climate policy. In contrast, this review stresses the need for a more 'configurational' approach to the study of urban climate policy, which allows for identifying different and alternative configurations of conditions under which climate policies can be successfully advanced and implemented at city level.

This paper examines the relationship between quality of democratic governance and the judicialization of public policy. It is an attempt to go beyond the conventional argument that the policy “losers” (those that cannot achieve their policy goals through the traditional policymaking venues) are the ones who litigate. That argument oversimplifies how democratic governance operates and how it is linked to the phenomenon of judicialization. In contrast, this paper analyzes whether there are certain patterns in the way a democratic polity works that trigger the judicialization of policy issues. To that end, it unpacks the relationship between democratic governance and policy litigation by identifying and analyzing a set of four distinct yet interactive factors that can initiate processes of judicialization: political disadvantage, the passivity of the legislature, problems of state capacity and the opposition of the executive. To assess these factors as well as the loser argument, the paper develops a comparative qualitative analysis (QCA) of major conflicts that occurred in Argentina in the fields of environmental policy, consumer protection, health care and indigenous rights. After examining and comparing the processes by which these policy disputes reach the courts, the paper identifies three different patterns in how the quality of governance triggers policy litigation in Argentina. As the analysis of the Argentina case shows, this paper contributes in developing a theoretical framework to analyze the relationship between the quality of democratic governance and the judicialization of public policy processes.

El propósito del presente trabajo es identificar aquellas iniciativas promisorias que puedan fortalecer la protección del ambiente y la promoción del desarrollo sostenible en el proceso de integración regional, usando de los principios de Winnipeg como marco de referencia. Para tal fin se realizaron una serie de trabajos tendientes a evaluar y analizar la presencia de cada uno estos principios en el Mercosur, así como otros temas específicos que surgen en un marco comparativo más amplio con la Unión Europea (UE), el Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN) y otras experiencias de integración en las Américas. Estos trabajos fueron presentados y analizados en un taller realizado en Buenos Aires en abril de 1999. El presente documento sintetiza tanto el trabajo investigativo llevado a cabo por varios consultores, como las discusiones que tuvieron lugar durante el taller.