Children in care have very diverse life experiences. There are several types of care arrangements, each with specific characteristics that can influence the child's living environment. Analyzing their life trajectories makes it possible to identify risk and protective factors for their development and mental health. Transdisciplinary work and close links between child protection and child psychiatry are essential and must be supported.

Introduction Best practice guidelines recommend providing parent management training (PMT) to parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Objective The aim of this study, conducted in France, was to evaluate the effectiveness of a specific PMT—Barkley's program. Method Thus, two groups of parents of children with ADHD were followed and compared over time: one group did not participate in any interventions (non-PMT group; n=25) and the other group followed Barkley's program (PMT group; n=32). Parents completed the same measures at study entry, end of Barkley's program, and 6months after to assess their: (a) knowledge about ADHD, (b) stress appraisals, (c) perceived control, (d) perceived social support, (e) coping strategies, (f) quality of life, and (g) adherence of the program (only for the PMT group). These variables were selected with reference to the multifactorial and integrative transactional model, which is based on the transactional model of stress; this study is also based on this model. Results Results showed a positive effect of Barkley's program on problem-solving coping strategies at the end of the program. However, no effects were found 6months after its completion. Parents in the PMT group expressed satisfaction with Barkley's program, demonstrated adherence, and reported progress. Conclusion This study shows that Barkley's program meets the primary objective of PMTs, which is to help parents deal with their child's problem behaviors. In addition, the findings suggest that parental support should be provided as an ongoing process by care services.

Childhood is a period of life during which experiencing intense stress has lifelong consequences. Scientific literature has shown that adverse experiences during childhood affect children unevenly depending on their socioeconomic and cultural status, and that the more a child is exposed to such experiences, the greater the impact on their development. However, the way in which the issue of these adverse experiences is addressed tends to overlook early childhood, during which it is difficult to trace experiences, and obscures the parental experiences that children inherit. This article advocates a cumulative and integrative approach aimed at rethinking how adversity is defined.

Objective This systematic review aimed to characterize the link between marital satisfaction and triadic interactions.Background Current literature has demonstrated a link between marital satisfaction and dyadic parent-infant interactions, two concepts that are known to impact infant development. These results obtained for dyadic interactions cannot be transposed to triadic interactions.Method A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) method. An electronic search was conducted in four databases for all articles published on the topic. A total of 11 articles met the inclusion criteria. The findings differ between studies; no link, a positive link, and a negative link were found between marital satisfaction and triadic interactions.Results We discuss the adaptive and nonadaptive nature of marital satisfaction during the perinatal period. A decrease in marital satisfaction allows the parents' relationship to evolve from a couple-centered relationship to a triadic relationship. Triadic interactions are of poorer quality when this decrease reaches a distress threshold, however.Conclusion and Implications Future studies should explore this link before the infant is 3 months old, for early prevention of the potential negative effects of low marital satisfaction or poor-quality triadic interactions on infant development. Although more research is required on this topic to generalize the effects to the general population, identifying marital distress in couples-as early as during pregnancy-appears important to prevent its effects on their interactions with the infant.

Parental presence in neonatal medicine is essential for the development of premature newborns and the parent-child relationship. Through collaborative work with the neonatal medicine teams at Louis-Mourier Hospital, a tool to support parental presence called "Mon livret des premiers jours" has been designed and developed. This booklet is made available to parents with the aim of encouraging them to be present and enabling caregivers to more easily identify their needs and vulnerabilities. Parents can fill out the booklet daily, writing or using stickers to express what they are doing or feeling. The booklet is the subject of action research that will assess its contribution to parenting support. At the end of their hospital stay, parents can take the booklet home with them as a record of their experience that they can share with their child later on.

ObjectivesUsing a qualitative method, this study explored the experiences and opinions of mothers facing visitor restrictions in maternity wards during the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe.Population and methodsA total of 16 women between the ages of 29 and 38 years were recruited. They gave birth between April 2020 and July 2022 in metropolitan France or the Netherlands. Each participant had an individual and semi-directional telephonic interview which was transcribed and subjected to thematic content analysis.ResultsVisitor restrictions in maternity wards were a source of great apprehension for participants, which is the first theme of our thematic analysis. The unknown, changes in restrictions and mentions of other mothers who had experienced such restrictions were often sources of fear, anxiety and a heavy mental load for these participants. The second theme was the yearning and related to the lack of emotional and physical support that mothers felt when their family and friends were not allowed in the maternity ward; this theme also highlighted the central place given to the new-born's siblings in this ward. The third theme was the traumatic experience of mothers who have experienced the restriction of their partner. These results underline the need for participants to be accompanied by their partners throughout their stay in the maternity ward. Finally, tranquillity was the last theme and was related to the absence of family and friends during postpartum care, something that participants had differing opinions about but that most agreed would have given them a better first postpartum experience in the maternity ward.DiscussionWhether viewed as positive or negative, visitor restrictions have a significant impact on how mothers experience their childbirth and stay in a maternity ward.ConclusionsIf a new wave of the pandemic were to occur, these results would encourage policy makers to rethink visitor restrictions in maternity wards and consider the need for every mother to be surrounded there by the people of her choice.

Peripartum depression (PPD), including both depression during pregnancy and postpartum, is the most frequent health disorder during the perinatal period. It is a significant public health issue in many countries due to its prevalence and its impact on women, as well as on their partners and offspring. Here, we will attempt to untangle the most recent studies and publications, considering what it is essential to know in 2024 about PPD as a specific perinatal issue. PPD appears to be a very heterogeneous disorder in which a complex interplay between different factors contributes to its pathophysiology. Thus, the need to enhance diagnosis and referral through a better understanding of its severity and co-morbidities has emerged as a major public health issue. Indeed, research has consistently shown that PPD negatively impacts parent-infant interactions and infants’ cognitive, social, and emotional development. Evidence underlining its global risk has accumulated over the past three decades, but many questions remain, including how these vulnerable offspring developmental trajectories unfold.

Objectives. - The aim of the study was to explore the structure of the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) on a French sample of pregnant women. Methods. - Three hundred and nine pregnant women were recruited in gynecology-obstetrics departments and on social networks. To be included, women had to be pregnant, aged between 18 and 45 years old, and not have somatic complications of pregnancy. The women completed a questionnaire including questions on sociodemographic information, and the PAI. The structure of PAI was explored with an exploratory structural equation model (ESEM). Results. - Three factorial solutions were explored: two-, three- and four-factor. The 2-factor solution was excluded due to its CFI, TLI and RMSEA indexes, which were lower than the reference values. The choice between the 3-and 4-factor solutions was made according to the clinical meaning of the items included in the factors. The 3-factor solution was retained with the factors: "current and future representations of the baby", "maternal-fetal relationship", and "proprioceptive feeling". The scale had good internal consistency. Conclusions. - The PAI is the first standardized multidimensional assessment tool for maternal-fetal attachment in the French language. In view of the results obtained, this tool can be disseminated and used by professionals in perinatal care. (c) 2024

Teenage parenthood involves a dual transition to adulthood and parenthood. A small-scale phenomenon, there remains a gap between statistical reality and social perception. The media and politicians take up the issue as a synonym for socio-psychological difficulties. The literature points in particular to the consequences of these maternities on the future of mothers, children and their relationships. However, some studies qualify the literature by identifying different types of teenage pregnancy and parenthood profiles.

Adolescent parenthood is a risky situation for the mental health of young people and for the development of infants. Yet adherence to psychological care remains difficult at this stage of life, notably because of the insecurity of attachment bonds often present in these young people. The "Les Oursons" parent-baby day hospital is presented, and clinical cases involving adolescent parents are discussed. They illustrate the particular interest of a global approach to father, mother and baby, and underline the opportunities to anchor initial psychological care for each. Network and community care are also interesting avenues to explore.