Radix Sophorae Subprostratae (traditional Chinese medicine) was evaluated in a fixed system consisting of NaBrO3, H2SO4, Me2CO and MnSO4 do det. its fingerprint. Three oscillation areas were established. The results agreed with chromatog. detd. data.

Seven various Chinese green teas were characterized by using the nonlinear chem. fingerprint method with electro-chem. detection. The aq. suspensions of tea were treated with H2SO4, MnSO4 and Me2CO. The 1st grade Maojian tea (green bamboo mountain tea) showed the highest quality.

本文研究有机底物的质量变化对非线性化学指纹图谱分析方法的影响.保持其它因素不变,仅改变有机底物加入量,研究非线性化学指纹图谱的特征参数变化情况.实验表明,在葡萄糖、硫酸、丙酮、硫酸锰、溴酸钠体系中,存在如下规律:(1)随着葡萄糖加入量增加,指纹图谱发生改变,且存在多个阈值,越过阈值时图谱会发生较大变化,变化规律也会改变.(2)在同一阈值区间内,振幅、振荡寿命、诱导时间等参数随葡萄糖加入量线性变化.

Under the conditions of constant temperature and pressure, different influences of samples with different chemical components on the mechanism of nonlinear chemical reaction will cause different changes of the potential-time relationship curve of the nonlinear chemical reaction system. Using it as the character, and using the B-Z nonlinear chemical system to use acetone and substrates in samples as main dissipative substances qua an example, the principle of nonlinear chemical fingerprint has been researched and discussed in detail. At the same time, the general method for calculating the system similarity about nonlinear chemical fingerprint was also put forward, and similarities of nonlinear chemistry fingerprints of different batches of Guhan Yangshengjing and 18 sorts of other samples were calculated by Euclidean distance, correlation coefficient, included angle cosine and system similarity, at the same time, the various similarities were analyzed. The results showed that, both of correlation coefficient and included angle cosine are unable to be used as the criterion for quantitatively evaluating the similarity of nonlinear chemistry fingerprint; as non-parametric similarity, Euclidean distance can accurately reflect the feature differences in the fingerprints, but as parametric similarity, sometimes, Euclidean distance can not accurately reflect the relative extent of characteristic difference in the nonlinear chemical fingerprints; system similarity can most truthfully reflect the characteristic difference in the nonlinear chemical fingerprints, and is the best evaluating method among the four ones. Therefore, system similarity can be used to quantitatively calculate the similar extent between the nonlinear chemical fingerprints. An economical, simple and convenient, easy pushing and effective method for identifying and evaluating complicated samples has successfully been put forward.

The thermodynamic systems and dynamic model suitable for determining the nonlinear chemical fingerprints of samples were analyzed. The results indicated that the damp nonlinear chemical reactions in close systems away from the equilibrium and open systems without the complementarity of the dissipation substances have important significance for the throng characterization and whole content analysis of chemical components in samples. Various factors influencing on nonlinear chemical fingerprint, such as reactant species and their concentrations, electrode types, temperature, stir rate, the sort, dosage and granularity of the sample, etc. were amply researched by a nonlinear chemistry reaction, namely, damp B-Z oscillation which used acetone and glucose as the main dissipative substances. In addition, the quantitative information on the whole of chemical components in samples and the traits and applications of the fingerprint were investigated. The method and its important conditions for determining nonlinear chemistry fingerprint used in distinguishing and evaluating complex samples were successfully put forward.

非线性化学指纹图谱技术是一种从非线性化学的角度来研究中药的新技术.采用非线性化学指纹图谱技术,获得了来自4个不同产地的甘草样本以及其他14种中药的诱导时间相同的非线性化学指纹图谱,并用一种基于相似系统理论的新方法进行了相似度计算.非线性化学指纹图谱的直观信息、相似度计算结果都能很好地将甘草从其他中药中鉴别出来.根据甘草指纹图谱诱导时间与检测用量的关系,计算了4个产地甘草活性成分的整体相对含量,并建立了4个不同产地甘草活性成分的当量关系.非线性化学指纹图谱技术为甘草的鉴别和评价提供了一种新的方法,为甘草的临床用药以及配伍提供用量依据,对提高中药用药安全和疗效稳定具有积极作用.

In regard to such challenging analysis problems as scientific identification and quality evaluation of Chinese traditional medicine, the electrochemical fingerprint technique of Chinese traditional medicine has been researched. The principle, traits, functions, etc., of the electrochemical fingerprint have detailedly been analyzed and discussed by the B-Z oscillatory system using malonic acid as main dissipation substance, characterized by the fact that different influences of different Chinese traditional medicines on the mechanism of the oscillatory reaction cause different changes of the shape of the potential-time curve of the oscillatory system under the conditions of constant temperature and pressure. An economical, simple and convenient, easy pushing and effective scientific method for distinguishing and evaluating multifarious Chinese traditional medicines has successfully been put forward.

针对中药真伪鉴别和质量评价这一富有挑战性的问题, 研究了中药电化学指纹图谱技术. 在恒温、恒压条件下, 以丙二酸作为主要耗散物, 针对不同成分的中药对振荡反应机理产生不同的影响, 从而引起振荡体系电极电位-时间曲线形状的不同变化为特征的B-Z化学振荡体系, 就电化学指纹图谱的原理、特点和用途等进行了详细的研究和讨论, 成功地提出了一种经济、简便、易行和有效的鉴别与评价中药的科学方法.

Chemical oscillatory technique has been widely used in many fields,especially in chemical analysis to precisely determine metallic ion and blocker.The conventional X-Y recorder has a bad precision and its result can’t easily be transferred into digital computer,so a novel high precision data acquisition system based on AD620 has been presented,which tightly links chemical oscillatory reaction result with digital computer and greatly improves the efficiency and precision of chemical oscillatory experiment.

Complex adsorption waves of Cu(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Zn(II) in substrate solution (pH = 9.26) of diacetyldioxime-ammonia- ammonium chloride-sodium citrate-gelatin-sodium sulfite were studied and a new method for determination of the six trace elements in aqueous solutions was developed. The results show that there are sensitive adsorption waves of Cu( II), Pb( II), Cd( II), Ni( II), Co( II), and Zn( II) complexes at about -0.45, -0.61, -0.78, -1.07, -1.23, and -1.38 V, respectively. The method is easy to operate and is able to determine these trace elements in aqueous solutions rapidly and simultaneously. When the signal-to-noise ratio equals 3, the detection limits of copper, lead, cadmium, nickel, cobalt, and zinc are 3.2 x 10(-4), 4.8 x 10(-3), 1.9 x 10(-3), 1.7 x 10(-5), 2.1 x 10(-6), and 1.0 x 10(-3) mg/cm(3). Good linear relationships exist between the concentrations and the current peaks when copper, lead, cadmium, nickel, cobalt, and zinc concentrations are within 6.5 x 10(-4) similar to 10(0), 9.3 x 10(-3) similar to 10, 4.1 x 10(-3) x 10, 3.2 x 10(-5) similar to 10(-1), 4.0 x 10(-6) similar to 10(-2), and 2.1 x 10(-3) similar to 10 mg/cm(3), respectively. In conjunction with a microwave assimilation technique, themethod has been used in the rapid and simultaneous determination of these trace elements in some plant medicines with satisfactory results.

分析了适用于中药成分群集电化学表征的热力学体系和动力学模型, 讨论了远离平衡态热力学封闭体系和无耗散物补充的敞开体系中阻尼振荡反应对中药化学成分分析与群集表征的重要意义.利用以丙二酸作为耗散物的B-Z振荡体系详细研究了反应物种及其浓度、电极类型、温度、搅拌速率、中药种类、用量和粒度等影响电化学指纹图谱的因素, 并对中药化学成分定量信息等进行了研究.成功提出了鉴别与评价中药的电化学指纹图的检测方法和条件.

The thermodynamic systems and kinetic model suitable for the electrochemical token of the component throng in Chinese traditional medicines have been analyzed. It has been indicated that the damp oscillatory reactions in the non-equilibrium close system and open system without the supplement of dissipative substance have important significance for the throng token and analysis of chemical components in Chinese traditional medicines. Various factors influencing the electrochemical fingerprint, such as reactant species and their concentrations, electrode types, temperature, stir rate, the kind, dosage and granularity of Chinese traditional medicines, have amply been researched by the B-Z oscillatory reaction which used malonic acid as a main dissipative substance. In addition, the quantitative information about the chemical components in Chinese traditional medicines has been discussed in detail. The method and its conditions for determining the electrochemical fingerprint used in scientifically distinguishing and evaluating Chinese traditional medicines have successfully been put forward.

A method for determining the oxygen content in anti-corrosion copper powder with benzotriazole inhibitor surface film was established and the ultraviolet spectra of benzotriazole under various conditions were studied. The maximum absorption was at lamdamax=273 nm, and the temperature did not influence the absorption intensity at normal temperature. The linear range of concentration was 0-2.2 microg x mL(-1), the detection limit was 0.02 microg x mL(-1), and the apparent molar absorptivity of benzotriazole was epsilon = 5.41 x 10(4) L x mol(-1) x cm(-1) at 273 nm. Because the anti-corrosion copper powder consisted of copper metal, copper oxide and benzotriazole protecting film, the Cu and BTA contents of the powder were determined through EDTA titration and ultraviolet spectrophotometry, respectively, after the samples were decomposed with HCl and H2O2, and the oxygen content of the powder was calculated by differential method. The instruments are simple, the method is economical, and the manipulation is convenient. The standard deviation is 1.7%, and the differentiation coefficient is 7.6%. In conjunction with the application of the national standard method, the oxygen contents before and after the formation of the protecting film of the electrolyte copper powder were comparatively analyzed with satisfactory results.