The Kuroshio Current significantly influences the physical, chemical, and biological properties in the western Pacific Ocean, while its strength and path in the Okinawa Trough during the Holocene remains unclear. Previous studies have not established consistent conclusions due to the multiple explanations for sediment provenance proxies, but these inconsistencies can potentially be addressed by identifying redox variability through diagenetic effects on magnetic minerals. Magnetic data (chi, SIRM, chi ARM, and S-ratios) obtained from cores SHDZ10 and A4 in the middle Okinawa Trough indicate an intensified reductive diagenesis effect prior to the early-middle Holocene period, whereas a contrasting trend is observed since the early-middle Holocene. Geochemical analyses (Mo, Mn, Mo/Mn, Mn/Al, TOC and TS) and Pulleniatina obliquiloculata content variations suggest that the decrease in early diagenesis since early-middle Holocene was a consequence of increased oxygenation, which is related to a strengthened Kuroshio Current and enhanced deep-water ventilation. By synthesizing the observed redox transition phenomena in nearby sediment cores (MD012403, MD012404, KX12-3, MD063-05, CSH1), we discover a coherent redox transition event during the early-middle Holocene. The occurrence ages show millennial-scale variability from south to north, which may suggest a periodic northward movement trajectory of a strengthened Kuroshio Current. This study not only provides novel insights into the reconstruction of the Kuroshio Current evolution, but also highlights the applicability of environmental magnetism methods in investigating deep-water ventilation.

The metaverse and real life are not in opposition. From the long-term perspective of technology development, nearly all forms of life are shaped by technology. The metaverse, temporarily in juxtaposition with life, is a new form created by hyper-speed technology and will become part of life with the development of technology. The metaverse and real life, the opposition of which results from the dualistic thinking mode, could be viewed holistically. It is necessary to dissolve the “disparity” so as to achieve the consistency of theory and reality.

Data for the paper of "Impact of typhoon events on microplastic distribution in offshore sediments in Leizhou Peninsula of the South China Sea"

Quantitative research on the sediment source to sink process is critical to revealing the evolution of the Earth's surface. The fingerprinting technique is useful for sediment source detection, and machine learning methods are being used with this technique. However, paleo-provenance research with limited measured data from sediment cores is not adequate for big data analysis which demands a large amount of data. Hence, determining how to assess authentic source contributions by using fingerprinting techniques based on very limited measurement data is a key scientific task. Sparse representation (SR), a machine learning method with advantages in feature extraction that treats the source as a linear combination of multiple tracers, has the potential to provide satis-factory answers. In this paper, a sparse representation-based sediment fingerprinting (SRSF) method is intro-duced. Based on size-specific magnetic and geochemical characterizations, we applied this method to quantize the provenance of three sediment cores from the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), where Yellow River sediment has contributed to delta formation over the past 400-600 years. Our results showed that the sediments of the Yellow River contributed 19.3 +/- 5.8 % of the clay and fine silt (<16 mu m) and 23.5 +/- 9.2 % of the medium silt (16-32 mu m) in the delta, which was consistent with previously published results. This study improves the current fingerprinting technique in the feature extraction and selection stage by leveraging SR and provides reference data for the development of the modern YZD delta. The SRSF method has many potential applications, especially in paleo-provenance detection with highly limited measurement data, which could help expand our under-standing of paleo-Earth surface evolution.

Holocene climate change and human activities can lead to sediment composition variations. In this study, two drilled cores (VN and GA) from the Red River Delta, Vietnam, were subjected to magnetic measurement, as well as particle size, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and geochemical analyses, to infer Holocene sediment provenance changes. Both cores VN and GA cover estuarine, shallow marine, delta front slope, delta front platform, and delta plain facies in ascending order, with the former covering the whole Holocene while the latter covering the late Holocene. In the younger core GA, the clay content has a significant positive correlation with magnetic grain-size indicators (chi ARM/SIRM and chi fd%) and a negative correlation with demagnetization param-eters (S-100 mT and S-300 mT), reflecting the enrichment of fine-grained ferrimagnetic minerals and antiferro-magnetic minerals in finer sediments. On the contrary, the relationship between the above-mentioned magnetic properties and clay content is not significant in core VN, reflecting the impact of stronger post-depositional diagenesis. In addition, diagenesis in the shallow marine and delta front slope facies of two cores is more pro-nounced, which is due to the fact of higher input of marine-sourced organic carbon. A magnetic comparison of the upper parts of two cores indicates that there are sediment source changes within the last 2000 years, which is supported by DRS analysis. Sediments in delta front slope and delta front platform of two cores have similar goethite content, but core GA contains higher hematite content indicating a drier condition. Such a sediment source change can be interpreted by variations of monsoon climate and reworking of soil due to human disturbance. Surface soil erosion due to human activities over the last 0.5 ka is supported by the presence of ultra -fine grained magnetite. Our study demonstrates that magnetic properties together with DRS analysis can provide insights into paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental change in deltaic environments.

曾几何时,"人类主义"是我们唯一正义的观念,但"人类主义"演化为人类中心主义,这也造成当代的各种环境危机和伦理危机.一个时代的来临,必以前一个时代的消逝为表征.在后人类兴起的背景下,我们应该远离这一"人类主义",以开放的观念和心态对待人类自身的变化,既在观念上超越人类中心主义,又平静对待技术对人类自身的改造.这一新时代已经加速来临,我们必然要面对它,借助技术,提升人类自身.

Late Holocene is a key period for the formation of modern deltas, and environmental magnetism is commonly used to infer paleoenvironmental information. Magnetic properties of bulk sediments are influenced by both hydrodynamic sorting and post-depositional pedogenesis and diagenesis, and the relationship between them is unclear. Detailed magnetic study on particle size fractions is a tool for understanding this issue and has been used in surface sediments, while the applications in delta core sediments are rare. Here we investigated the bulk and particle size dependent magnetic properties of the Yangtze River Delta core sediments over the past 3 ka, to determine the main mechanism for bulk magnetic property changes under the effects of pedogenesis and diagenesis. Our results showed that, in all particle size fractions, pedogenesis occurred in the top similar to 2 m (within 0.3 ka) and the dissolution of fine magnetic minerals driven by early diagenesis appeared below this depth and completed at similar to 20 m in depth (similar to 1.5 ka). These effects, including the dissolution of fine-grained ferrimagnetic minerals and the precipitation of authigenic greigite, were most obvious in the <16 mu m fraction and decreased with coarsening particle sizes. The grain sizes of magnetic minerals were the finest in the <16 mu m sediments and the coarsest in the 32-63 mu m sediments, with intermediate similar features observed in the 16-32 and 63-125 mu m sediments. Bulk magnetic properties were dominated by the <16 mu m sediments. Our findings distinguished the differences between the effects of pedogenesis and early diagenesis among size fractions, which may provide a better approach to recognize redox states and provenance in delta sediments since the late Holocene.

后人类快乐伦理关乎人类共同体,但又远远超过人类这一物种,趋向更为广大的生命共同体.布拉伊多蒂以新斯宾诺莎主义活力物质一元论为哲学基础,以普遍生命力的整体性为基本原则,提出一个由人类和非人类、生态基础和技术中介的共同物质构成生命共同体的大胆理论架设.在一个充满了负面恐慌情绪的时代,她以行动主义的姿态,提出超乎人类单纯物种、趋向生命统一体的后人类快乐伦理.这一伦理观念倡导平等、积极、喜悦、肯定、和平和可续性,探求集体主体的快乐本质,以及各主体间强化合作、增强潜能的实现路径,倡导将负面影响进行积极转化以创造未来,彰显了后人类伦理的肯定、创造、联合与转化的特性,并导向新的生命共同体的质的飞跃.

拉图尔在新作《面对盖娅》中提出了新气候体制,进一步推进他关于行动者网络的思想,他以"行动波"这一概念,激活了物质过程,提出能动性在于环境与生物体的联合.然而,拉图尔此举无疑是抹除了物质过程和生物体的区别.我们必须在行动者与能动者之间作出区分,前者是有意向性的,而后者只是以一种隐喻的方式表达利害关系.针对拉图尔在科学与技术的人文社会学研究领域中试图化约科学与宗教的做法,我们需要认识到,否证的力量相较实证同样不容忽视,所谓事实是在社会、政治、科学等多重辩论与争夺中建构起来的.更应该警惕的是,拉图尔划分的所谓"地族"与"人类"的对立,在擦除了一切权威、民族、国家之后,各方势力互相竞争与消耗,并不会真的带来任何积极的改变.在这个意义上,N.K.杰米辛的科幻小说三部曲"破碎的星球"就像是拉图尔思想的一场具体的实验,小说中的意向性地球,以及极端条件下社会、政治、经济、情感力量的博弈与争斗,都能看出拉图尔的方案是极具危险性的.承认生物体不同于物质过程的特殊性,创建新的框架,发起所有生命形式的团结,打开人类与非人类之间建立联盟的契机,或许才是一条更好的道路.

人工智能的美感问题不能从内在创造的角度来寻找,既有美学理论在人工智能美感问题上是失效的.人工智能的美感问题以两个事实为前提,一是人工智能与人在机制上的差异,二是两者在美学效果上的相同.相较这个前提,人工智能对人的能力的模仿只是解决两者的关联,并不解决人工智能美感的结构.从根本上说,人工智能美感是一种美学感,是基于美学系统的建模方式与具体感觉数据的结合,它与人的内在美感迸发是完全不同的.人工智能美感只在效果上谋求与人的美感的一致性,它是仿若如此的美学感受.

人工智能美学是一个新的美学场域,它遵守的美学原则与人类主义美学原则不同.人类主义美学以康德美学为代表,是一种有机体美学,其美学考察以人的能力为基础,在审美判断中展现出多元能力的复杂性,而人工智能则直接将有机体能力转化为功能,清除内在情感的人类学制约,开启了新型审美判断,这一判断与情感无关,只关涉人类主义美学意义上的审美效果.两种美学原则相比较,存在着基础系统、美学基石、概念系统以及基本场景等概念上的转向.这一人工智能美学的概念转向标明了人工智能美学的独特的运作方式.

《黑客帝国:矩阵重启》在世界框架设计、演员选择、故事情节等方面存在明显的缺憾,对前作模仿太过,只有视觉效果保持较好水准,这导致该片整体科幻想象力的低下.一个国家科幻电影的工业制作水准和整体协调性表现了其科幻电影的整体想象力水平.中国科幻电影应该吸收这一科幻电影制作的教训,做好工业细节,并进行整体性的协调,把握并不会很长的窗口期,追赶世界优秀科幻电影制作的脚步.

Ferrimagnetic greigite (Fe3S4) is widespread in the sedimentary environment. Despite abundant reports of greigite occurrence in marine and lacustrine deposits, its formation mechanisms in deltaic deposits remain poorly studied. Here we investigate greigite in Holocene Yangtze River Delta deposits using granulometric, magnetic, and geochemical methods. The studied cores consist of tidal river, estuary, shallow marine, and delta facies in ascending order. The greigite‐bearing layers are found predominantly in the accreting tidal flat facies during the transgression stage and secondarily in the shallow marine facies during the regression stage of the delta's Holocene development. These sedimentary intervals have a higher total sulfur (TS) content and TS to total organic carbon ratios (TS/TOC) suggesting the accumulation of iron sulfides, including greigite, under reducing estuarine and shallow marine conditions. The greigite‐bearing layers in the tidal flat facies have lower Sr/Ba ratios, in comparison to the shallow marine facies, indicating a lower salinity environment. Supported by the dating results, it is suggested that the higher sedimentation rate of the tidal flat facies, caused by rapid sea‐level rise during the early Holocene, favors the formation and preservation of greigite. Our results indicate that the magnetic detection of greigite provides a simple and useful tool for inferring salinity and sedimentation rate changes, and hence better an understanding of the heterogeneity of depositional processes in Holocene delta environments.

学术批评是学术研究不可或缺的一环.人文学术研究中,出于对象理解上的差异,经常出现不同学术观点对撞的情况.在批评与被批评中,真诚是必备前提.所谓真诚,并不是指主观态度,而是指客观性的批评行动,它包括相关专业知识的广泛掌握、反思自身观念的可能边界、以获取真知识为目的 ,等等.只有出于真诚的批评才能对不同观点进行善意的理解,做到这些,就达到了雅正批评.雅正批评除了具备真诚这一前提,还要考虑实际批评中的阻碍,一旦发现批评所指向的是假问题或某一方不真诚,批评行为就会中止.雅正批评是一种实用主义态度的批评,不要求形而上式的极限假定,而要求客观反省式的正意理解.

Zircon U-Pb dataset for Shang et al.'s paper entitled "Yellow River's contribution to the building of Yangtze Delta during the last 500 years - evidence from detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology" submitted to Geophysical Research Letters.

海德格尔在《艺术作品的本源》中提出了艺术是保存真理的一种方式,在艺术作品中不断追寻本源的过程就是真理呈现的过程.德里达认为这种本源和真理只是一种出于形而上观念造作出来的假象,必须对之进行解构,以破除本源和真理的迷信.对这两种观念应该保持一定距离,真理与本源、本真存在等都是同一等级的概念,它们形成一个完整的自论证概念系统,这一系统的完善外貌是假象,但系统中的概念却具有标记的作用,"本源"就是这样的标记.将标记保持为标记,而非如海德格尔那样上升为本源,是一种适当的概念运用.达成这一观念,海德格尔式的"艺术真理"自然就失去了效力.

超人类主义主张通过人工智能、计算机、医药、生物等技术增强人的能力.史前文明对永生的追求、启蒙时期对人性的倡导、科幻小说中对技术改变人类状况的构想,均可被视作超人类主义思想的萌芽.已经实现或有望实现的人工智能、纳米技术和上载,则日益凸显超人类主义议题的重要性.超人类主义已经产生广泛影响,理论家们撰文发表看法并相互论争,世界各地的相关组织也纷纷成立.超人类主义的论域十分广泛,伦理问题成为核心问题之一.关于技术发展所带来的后果以及我们是否应当运用技术来增强自身,超人类主义和生物保守主义之间或许应该寻求互补.

科幻乌托邦是乌托邦思想发展的一种当代形态.从科幻文本作为未来的对应物这个角度来说,它具有多重复合结构,这些结构在不同的观念形态中展现出来.首先是理念型简单结构,科幻文本折射了某种程度上的实际未来;其次是主体性复合结构,主体(观察者)成为"未来"的塑造者;再次是文化复合型坐标结构,展现了文本与实际时间、空间的多元折射关系;最后是复杂的真实物,展现了多元视野下形成的科幻文本与未来时间的多元复杂关联,并且这一关联形成一种特殊的文化结晶体,展现了一种虚拟之物成为更为真实对象的动态塑造机制.

2021年,元宇宙迅速勃兴引发大量文化和人文担忧,有观点认为,元宇宙挑战了既有文化的人文内涵,造成人文断裂.这一担忧不无道理,但也存在误区.人文内涵应明确为人文诸相,即人文不能视之为一个整体,而应视之为流动性与不平衡性兼具的诸种面相.从既有技术为基础的文化到元宇宙文化,人文诸相次递变迁,形成一种拓扑式改变的形态.人文诸相从来都是在挑战和变动中呈现自身的,不存在板结式的固化人文整体.元宇宙会塑造出新的人文价值和内涵,它并不是一种内卷式的人类自我消耗.因此,元宇宙的人文诸相的"断裂"并不是一种事实,而是一种观念想象,人文诸相的"重塑"是一种事实推进和误导观念的消解相结合的形态,其机制是一种拓扑式的迁移.

科幻小说《高城堡里的人》虚构了一场奇诡“历史”,颠倒了二战结果,并在此基础上重构了整个世界事件.这提供了一个叙事文本与现实关系的特殊类型.在模仿真实论中曾经被当作文学真实标准的现实在科幻作品中被消减为叙事因素,此处其实并不涉及现实真实问题,只涉及文本叙事.这一文本设计虽然特殊,但却具有某种普遍性,它尖锐地展现了文学真实的某种特性:它不来自外部,而来自内部的结构设计.“真实”是文本叙事的一个技巧,但我们需要在理论阐述中为文本叙事与真实建立关联.阅读和反思中所做出的任何一种理论性的缝合,其实都是在建立一个作品与外部世界的幽灵结构,以使文本内外发生关联.幽灵只是内与外的榫接方式,它是一种不在场的在场,是理论建构文本现实意义的需要.揭示这一幽灵结构的意义在于,将“真实”从真理的假象转化为中性的文本叙事因素,它通过叙事对现实产生影响.