Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease resulting from excessive accumulation of fat. With a significant annual increase, it has become a health concern across the globe in the last decades. To tackle this problem, an exploration of traditional medicinal plants (TMP) functioning as anti-obesity drugs using an ethnopharmacology approach has been carried out. Research on the drug development of obesity treatment was directed at how to inhibit pancreatic lipase as the enzyme accounted for lipid absorption. Using a systematic review and meta-analysis, this current study investigated TMP anti-obesity from the articles published in 6 scientific databases, i.e., Scopus, Science Direct, Proquest, Cengage Library, Ebsco, and Emerald, using particular keywords. The review resulted in 19 articles containing 91 eligible data based on inclusive and exclusive criteria. Meta-analysis extracted data as follows: IC50, number of replications, and standard error, regarding the anti-obesity effects of medicinal plants and orlistat as a positive control. The results showed 8 medicinal plants showing anti-obesity via inhibition of pancreatic lipase, including Solenostemma argel, Garcinia vilersiana, Phyllanthus chamaepeuce, Cassia auriculata, Moringa oleifera, Ficus carica, Ocimum gratissimum, and Adiantum capillus-veneris.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk limbah cair tahu terhadap pertumbuhan Skletonema costatum. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 15 sampai 28 Februari 2021, bertempat di UPTD Balai Perikanan Budidaya Ikan Laut dan Payau (BPBLP), Lamu Kecamatan Tilamuta. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 Perlakuan yaitu A (limbah cair tahu 30 ml/l + pupuk silikat 1 mg/l), B (limbah cair tahu 40 ml/l + pupuk silikat 1 mg/l), C (limbah cair tahu 50 ml/l + pupuk silikat 1 mg/l), dan D (Kontrol) (NPK 3 mg/l + urea 8 mg/l + silika 1 mg/l) dan 3 Ulangan, sehingga total unit percobaan berjumlah 12 unit. Variabel yang diamati yaitu pertumbuhan kepadatan Skeletonema costatum. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dengan aplikasi IBM SPSS 20. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemanfaatan limbah cair tahu dengan dosis yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap pertumbuhan Skeletonema costatum. Dimana nilai Sig. < 0.05. Pertumbuhan kepadatan Skeletonema costatum yang terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan A (limbah cair tahu 30 ml/l + pupuk silikat 1 mg/l).

Tilamuta Subdistrict which is the capital of Boalemo Regency is directed as a Regional Activity Center (PKW) which has a function as a government center, urban settlement area, education area and trade and service area, but only about 35 percent of the total area of Tilamuta Subdistrict can be maximized as a function. built area. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of land for urban settlement areas in Tilamuta District. The analytical technique used is the overlay method using a Geographic Information System (GIS) from slope data, rainfall, morphology, soil type, land use and spatial pattern planning directions in Tilamuta District, which is then scored to determine the classification of land suitability of the area. settlement. The results showed that there were 4 land suitability classifications, namely: suitable (402 ha), quite suitable (4202 ha), less suitable (5223 ha), not suitable 8831 ha.

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui alasan Kepala Keluarga melakukan perkawinan politik, untuk mengetahui problematika yang muncul dalam perkawinan politik, dan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis perspektif Maqasid Syariah terhadap Perkawinan Politik di Kecamatan Mowewe Kabupaten Kolaka Timur. Jenis Penelitian adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan studi documenter. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Pengecekan keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber, triangulasi data, triangulasi teknik, triangulasi waktu dan member check. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alasan kepala keluarga melakukan perkawinan politik di Kecamatan Mowewe Kabupaten Kolaka Timur yaitu 1) Pernikahan dilakukan karena saling mencintai, 2) married by accident, 3) Pernikahan dilakukan karena sudah lama hidup sendiri/perawan tua. Adapun problematika yang muncul dalam perkawinan politik di Kecamatan Mowewe Kabupaten Kolaka Timur dapat digolongkan menjadi dua yaitu pertama, problematika yang muncul dari dalam diri orang tua dan kedua, problematika tentang keagamaan anak dalam kepala keluarga yang melakukan perkawinan politik. Perspektif Maqasid Syariah terhadap perkawinan politik di Kecamatan Mowewe Kabupaten Kolaka Timur adalah tidak sah dengan mengacu pada QS. Al-Baqarah/2:221, QS. Al-Mumtahanah/60:10 dan Al-Mā’idah/5:5. Dalam berbagai penafsiran ketiga ayat tersebut yang sering digunakan untuk membahas seputar perkawinan politik adalah apabila wanita muslim menikah dengan laki-laki non muslim maka hukum dari nikah tersebut adalah tidak sah (haram) begitupun sebaliknya.Kata Kunci: Perkawinan Politik, Maqashid Syariah

This study aims to determine the effect of the combined use of Urea and TSP fertilizers on the Protein content of Spirulina sp. This research was conducted for 10 days at the Center for Brackish Water Aquaculture (BPBAP) Takalar. The method used in this study is an experimental design with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using 4 treatments with 3 replications, namely Treatment A (0.4 g/l Urea + 0.008 g/l TSP), B (0.5 g/l Urea + 0.010 g/l TSP), C (0.6 g/l Urea + 0.012 g/l TSP) and D (0.4 g/l Urea + 0.008 g/l TSP). The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis method. The results showed that the use of a combination of Urea and TSP fertilizers could have an effect on the protein content of Spirulina sp. with the highest protein content obtained in treatment C of 34.33%.

This research aims to know the marine ecotourism suitability, carry capacity of the area, and to formulate a strategy for managing ecotourism areas in Pohuwato District. This research is conducted at the Pohon Cinta beach and Tanjung Maleo beach. The data analysis is done by measuring the land suitability index, area carrying capacity, and SWOT Analysis. The result of the suitability analysis of beach tourism shows that the Pohon Cinta beach tourism area is suitable for beach recreational activities, boating, banana boating, and jet skiing as well as is suitable for swimming. Tanjung Maleo beach area is suitable for all activities, such as beach recreational activities, swimming, boating, banana boating, and jet skiing. Pohon Cinta beach tourism area can accommodate around 9.840 people/day, and Tanjung Maleo can accommodate around 2.640 people/day. Strategy for managing the tourism area of Pohuwato District, including promoting tourist attraction, formulating policies, determining coastal areas that need protection, coordinating each related party, inviting the community and visitor to take part in preserving the environment, improving the quality of torism area, improving coordination between the district government and the community, socialization of coaching and educational campaigns, increasing natural disaster mitigation efforts, the government monitoring, adding tourist facilities, and developing non-govermental activities.

The objective of the research is to study antiproliferation activities (anti-breastcancer) of leaf extracts soursop (Annona muricata L.) from five locations growth in West Java, Indonesia against breast-cancer cell line Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7). Each of the soursop leaf from five locations, was extracted with 70% ethanol using a microwave as a tool for extraction. In vitro test against breast cancer cells growth was conducted using the MCF-7 cell line by means of the MTT-assay.. Based on the analysis of phytochemicals, all soursop leaf extracts contain alkaloids, triterpenoids, tannins, saponins and flavonoids, but did not contain any steroids compound. Soursop leaf extracts with the highest anticancer activity were derived from Sukabumi 1 with an IC50 value of 12.5 μg/ml. The results obtained from this study indicate the ability of soursop leaf extracts to inhibite the growth of breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Such extracts could be used in the treatment of cancer patients.

Angkak and rice bran is a functional food that has potential as a therapeutic agent to control blood sugar. This potential is due to the content of natural antioxidants in red yeast rice and rice bran. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of angkak and rice bran extract as lipid peroxidation inhibition. The effect on the pancreatic, liver and kidney organs in hyperglycemic rats by histopatological study was also analyzed. Rats were divided into 7 groups namely normal control group, negative control, positive control, rice bran extract formulation on gorup I, II, III, IV (20: 1400, 40: 700, 30: 1050, and 60: 2100 mg/kg BW). The analysis parameters carried out were the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), the activity of the serum alanine/aspartat aminotransferase (ALT/AST) enzymes and rat histopathology of pancreatic, liver and kidney organs. The best mixture of angkak and rice bran to inhibit the formation of MDA and increase the ALT/AST enzyme was group III with MDA concentration (3,31±0,53 nmol/ml) and ALT enzyme activity (35,80±5,63 U/l) was not significantly different from normal control (4,85±2,32 nmol/ml) and (27,85±8,13), while the enzyme activity of AST (67,221±16,05) decreased but was significantly different from normal controls (4,365±0,00). Histopathological conditions of pancreatic, liver, and kidney organs of rats in all treatment groups showed the ability to repair damaged organs. In conclusion, the mixture of red yeast rice and rice bran 30:1050 mg/kg BW had the best ability to inhibit lipid antioxidants.

ABSTRAK: Angkak dan bekatul mengandung komponen bioaktif sebagai antihiperglikemik. Namun penelitian mengenai aktivitas antihiperglikemik angkak dan bekatul secara in vivo belum tersedia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji efektivitas pemberian ekstrak air angkak, ekstrak air bekatul serta kombinasinya dalam proses penurunan jumlah glukosa dalam darah tikus ( Rattus norvegicus ) strain Sprague Dawley yang diinduksi aloksan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan preparasi sampel yaitu ekstraksi air angkak dan bekatul, pengkondisian hewan uji yaitu tikus ( Rattus norvegicus ) strain Sprague Dawley dengan induksi aloksan, pembagian tikus menjadi sembilan kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan kadar glukosa darah tikus paling rendah adalah pada tikus kelompok V (angkak 2) dengan pemberian ekstrak air angkak 100 mg/Kg bb, dengan penurunan 61,43% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok III, tikus yang diberi obat glibenklamid yang turun sebesar 40,88%. Pada kelompok V, kadar glukosa darah pada hari ke-3 sebesar 256,67±174,77 mg/dL dan turun pada hari ke-12 hingga mencapai glukosa darah normal sebesar 99,00±9,64 mg/dL. Penurunan kadar glukosa darah tikus baik kelompok pemberian ekstrak bekatul maupun dengan kombinasi ekstrak air angkak dan ekstrak air bekatul tidak menunjukkan penurunan kadar glukosa darah yang signifikan. Kata k unci: aloksan, angkak, bekatul, glukosa darah ABSTRACT : Bioactive compounds in red yeast rice (traditionally known as angkak) and rice bran are scientifically evidenced to exert antihyperglycemic properties. Nevertheless, in vivo studies on antihyperglycemic activity of red yeast rice and rice bran have not been reported. This current work aimed to evaluate glucose-lowering effects on alloxan-induced rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) strain Sprague Dawley treated with water extract of angkak, rice bran and combination of both extracts. The research was first carried out by extraction of RYR and RB, acclimatization of rats induced by alloxan, then separating them into 9 groups. The results showed that the lowest decrease in blood glucose, i.e. 61,43%, was attributed to group 5, namely rats administered with water extract of angkak (100 mg/Kg bw), being much higher compared to group 3 (rats treated with glibenclamide) reaching up to 40,88%. In terms of group 5, the level of blood glucose exhibited a gradual attenuation, from 256,67±174,77 mg/dL on day-3 to 99,00±9,64 mg/dL on day-12, which is a normal blood glucose concentration. It is noteworthy that administration of rice bran extract and combined treatment showed no significant effects on reduction of blood glucose. Keywords: alloxan, blood glucose, red yeast rice, rice bran, antihyperglycemic

The last few decades, Limboto Lake has been degraded as indicated by the rapid growth of aquatic plant populations and higher sedimentation. The area of aquatic plants is estimated at 25% of the total lake area, which is 3000 ha. Meanwhile, the average lake depth is 3 meters in 2017, while in 1930,

Abstract: This research is motivated by public acceptance of the presence of persons with disabilities who are still not good, even though people with disabilities are capable and have abilities that are almost equal to the general public and have a strong artistic spirit and very potential if explored further. Persons with disabilities at Smile Motivator are given teaching and training in performing arts, both dance, painting and theater performances. Interpersonal communication is certainly very important in the process of training for a performance. This will become more difficult because what is faced is people with special needs. This type of research is a qualitative-descriptive research using interview, observation and documentation data collection methods. After the data is collected, the data is reduced, then the data is displayed and made a conclusion. The first objective of this research is to find out the interpersonal communication languages agreed upon by persons with disabilities in Smile Motivators and the second objective to find out the interpersonal communication of persons with disabilities formed backstage during training. The results showed that interpersonal communication of persons with disabilities at Smile Motivator Bandung has a type of verbal and non verbal communication. Not all persons with disabilities understand nonverbal, therefore the approach taken is an approach from the heart, honesty and sincerity in order to arrive at a quality of life that gives meaning to life for others. Theater performances certainly provide tremendous motivation and inspiration because the disabilities present with high enthusiasm and dedication to the audience. But in overcoming conflicts, Smile Motivator does not yet have specific techniques, still relying on feelings, because the disabilities are very sensitive to the emotional condition of themselves and the people around them.Keywords: Interpersonal Communication, Disability, PerformanceAbstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penerimaan masyarakat terhadap hadirnya para penyandang disabilitas yang masih kurang baik, padahal para penyandang disabilitaspun mampu dan memiliki kemampuan yang hampir setara masyarakat pada umumnya serta mempunyai jiwa seni yang kuat serta sangat potensial jika dieksplorasi lebih jauh. Penyandang disabilitas di Smile Motivator diberikan pengajaran dan pelatihan mengenai pertunjukan seni, baik tari, lukis maupun pentas teater. Komunikasi antarpribadi tentu sangat penting dalam proses pelatihan untuk sebuah pementasan hal ini akan menjadi lebih sulit karena yang dihadapi adalah orang-orang yang berkebutuhan khusus. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Setelah data terkumpul, maka dilakukan reduksi data, kemudian data tersebut di display dan dijadikan sebuah kesimpulan. Tujuan penelitian dalam ini yang pertama adalah untuk mengetahui bahasa-bahasa komunikasi antarpribadi yang disepakati penyandang disabilitas di Smile Motivator dan tujuan yang kedua untuk mengetahui komunikasi antarpribadi penyandang disabilitas yang dibentuk di belakang panggung ketika latihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa komunikasi antarpribadi para disabilitas di Smile Motivator Bandung ini memiliki jenis komunikasi verbal dan non verbal. Tidak semua penyandang disabilitas tersebut memahami nonverbal, maka dari itu pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah pendekatan dari hati, kejujuran dan ketulusan agar sampai pada kualitas hidup yang memberi makna hidup untuk orang lain. Pementasan teater tentu sangat memberika motivasi dan inspirasi luar biasa karena para disabilitas itu menampilkan dengan semangat dan penuh dedikasi yang tinggi untuk penontonnya. Tetapi dalam mengatasi konflik, di Smile Motivator belum memiliki teknik-teknik yang khusus, masih mengandalkan perasaan, karena para disabilitas tersebut sangat peka terhadap kondisi emosional dirinya dan orang-orang sekitar.Kata Kunci: Komunikasi Antarpribadi, Disabilitas, Pementasan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh frekuensi pemberian pakan alami cacing sutera (Tubifex sp) terhadap pertumbuhan benih ikan lele sangkuriang (Clarias sp). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan nyata (p < 0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan panjang dan berat benih lele sangkuriang. Rata-rata pertumbuhan panjang dan berat tertinggi ditunjukkan pada perlakuan C berturut-turut sebesar 0,023 cm dan 0.011 gr, disusul perlakuan B berturut-turut sebesar 0,011 cm dan 0,007 gr, dan terendah pada perlakuan A berturut-turut sebesar 0,005 cm dan 0,005 gr. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi pemberian pakan alami cacing sutera sebanyak 4 kali memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan benih lele sangkuriang. This study aims to determine the effect of the frequency of natural feeding of silk worms (Tubifex sp) on the growth of sangkuriang catfish (Clarias sp). The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications. The analysis showed that there was a significant difference (p <0.05) on the length and weight growth of sangkuriang catfish seeds. The highest average length and weight growth was shown in treatment C respectively 0.023 cm and 0.011 gr, followed by treatment B respectively 0.011 cm and 0.007 gr, and the lowest in treatment A respectively 0.005 cm and 0.005 gr. These results indicate that the frequency of natural feeding of silk worms as much as 4 times gives the best results on the growth of sangkuriang catfish seeds. Katakunci: Lele sangkuriang; Clarias sp; benih; pakan alami; cacing sutera; Tubifex sp; pertumbuhan. Keywords: Catfish; Clarias sp; seedling; natural feed; silk worm; Tubifex sp; growth.

Cancer is a deadly disease caused by cell abnormalities characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. One type of cancer that is the second leading cause of death is breast cancer. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus) is a plant containing citral and geraniol which has the potential as an anticancer. This research was aimed to analyze the potential of essential oils from citronella as antiproliferation of MCM-B2 breast cancer cells. The results of this research showed that lemongrass essential oil was able to significantly reduce the growth of MCM-B2 cancer cells (p<0.05). The concentration of 3 ppm showed an significant difference in doxorubicin, and the concentration of 24 ppm had the highest inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 5.38 ppm. Keywords: Antiproliferation, breast cancer, MCM-B2, essential oils, fragrant lemongrass

AbstractThis research was conducted with the aim to find out how much influence the contextual teaching learning model of learning motivation of Islamic education study program students at the Islamic University of Syekh Yusuf Tangerang. The research method used is a quantitative research method with data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires. The respondents of this study were 25 Islamic education study program students. Based on the results of data processing and discussion, it can be concluded that the contextual teaching learning model has a low effect of 11.56% on student learning motivation. But when testing the hypothesis, implies that is accepted and rejected . AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh model pembelajaran contextual teaching learning terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa program studi pendidikan Islam Universitas Islam Syekh Yusuf Tangerang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa penyebaran angket. Responden penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa program studi pendidikan agama Islam yang berjumlah 25 mahasiswa. Berdasarkan hasil olah data dan pembahasan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwasanya Model Pembelajaran contextual teaching learning berpengaruh rendah 11,56% terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Namun pada saat pengujian hipotesis, hal ini mengandung arti bahwasanya diterimanya dan ditolaknya .

Danau Limboto merupakan ekosistem perairan tawar yang melengkapi nikmat keragaman sumberdayadari Allah SWT khususnya di Provinsi Gorontalo. Danau Limboto sebagaimana umumnya danaumemiliki berbagai fungsi bagi penduduk sekitarnya, misalnya social, ekonomi dan lingkungan. Kondisidanau Limboto semakin hari menunjukkan degradasi yang sangat serius. Kerawanan ekologis dalambentuk pendangkalan dan penyempitan danau secara massif berlangsung. Dengan demikian degradasitersebut mengancam keberlanjutan tiga fungsi besar danau Limboto. Penelitian ini bertujuanmenganalisis tingkat kerentanan sosial ekonomi nelayan bibilo sebagai kelompok penggiat ekonomiperikanan di danau Limboto yang masih eksis. Nelayan bibilo kehadirannya kontroversi karenadipandang berkontribusi terhadap degrdasi danau Limboto. Namun sebagai fakta sosial potensial akanterkena dampak serius atas degradasi danau Limboto. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah surveidengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data wawncara mendalam dan menggunakan daftarpertanyaan. Responden ditentukan secara purposive dengan pendekatan bola salju. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan karakteristik sosial-ekonomi nelayan bibilo berada pada tingkat bawah. Dan potensikerentanan nelayan bibilo tergolong tinggi kaitannya dengan degradasi danau Limboto.

: This study aims to calculate the fishery economic value of Limboto Lakeincluding aquaculture, catch, and bibilo fishery. The research was conducted inLimboto Lake area and using survey method that based on questionnaire in collectingdata. Respondents were 100 people who determined randomly. The productivitymethod is an estimate of the ecosystem economic value for a product or service thatcontributes to the commercial goods production in the market. The results showed thatthe fishery economic value of Limboto Lake is 51.474.000. 000 IDR / year. More than50% of the value is contributed by aquaculture fishery

Belimbing wuluh merupakan tanaman jenis buah dan obat tradisional. Tanaman belimbing wuluh sudah sering dimanfaatkan masyarakat salah satunya untuk mengobati penyakit seperti batuk dan radang rektum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji senyawa fitokimia, menganalisis kandungan total fenolik dan flavonoid, serta aktivitas antioksidan dan antiinflamasi secara in vitro pada ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah ekstraksi daun belimbing wuluh, skrining fitokimia, perhitungan total fenol dan flavonoid, uji aktivitas antioksidan, dan uji aktivitas antiinflamasi. Senyawa fitokimia yang terkandung pada ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh adalah saponin, tanin, steroid, flavonoid, dan alkaloid. Kandungan total fenolik dan flavonoid ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh secara berturut-turut sebesar 39,03 dan 97,28 µg QE/mg. Ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tergolong sangat kuat, sementara aktivitas antiinflamasinya terutama ditunjukkan pada konsentrasi ekstrak 200 µg/ ml, memiliki nilai persen inhibisi hemolisis yang paling tinggi. Kesimpulannya, ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh dapat menjadi salah satu sumber antioksidan dan antiinflamasi alami.Ethanol Extracts of Averrhoa Bilimbi Leaf Demonstrated Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory ActivityAbstractAverrhoa bilimbi, a fruit-bearing plant, has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes such as treatment of cough and rectal inflammation. In this current work, ethanol extract of Averrhoa bilimbi leaf was analyzed, with regard to phytochemical composition, i.e. total phenolic, and flavonoid, antioxidant activity, and in vitro antiinflammation activity. Extraction of carambola leaves, phytochemical screening, total phenolic and flavonoid contens, assay of antioxidant activity, and assay of anti-inflammatory activity were done in this research. As a result, the leaf extract positively contained some phytochemical compounds, i.e. saponin, tannin, steroid, flavonoid, and alkaloid. Furthermore, total phenolic and flavonoid of the leaf extract was found at 39.03 and 97.28 µg QE/mg extract, respectively. Additionally, antioxidant activity of the leaf extract was classified as very strong, while its anti-inflammatory feature at extract concentration of 200 µg/ml exhibited the highest inhibition of hemolysis. In summary, the ability of Averrhoa bilimbi leaf ethanol extracts to act as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory agents was determined and this may open the use for natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

This study aims to find the treatment of diabetes using natural materials by exploring plants in the province of East Nusa Tenggara. his research was conducted out by extracting the Strychnos nitida G.Don stem using a method of maceration by ethanol 70%. Ethanol extract was then fractionated using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Simplicia from maceration and fractionation results were then tested for antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibition activity and identification of active compounds. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction had the lowest IC50 value of 86.83 μg / ml. Results of the α-glucosidase activity test showed that ethyl acetate fraction and n-heksan fraction at 900 ppm had the highest percentage of inhibition of 34.23% and 33.89%. Identification using LCMS/MS method showed that ethyl acetate fraction consist of Benzenemethamine, N, N-dioctyl- as an antioxidantcompound and compound 24-methyl-5-cholestone-hexol as an antidiabetic compound. From the results of this study, we concluded that the extract of kayu ular Strychnos nitida G.Don stem has inhibition activity toward α-glucosidase enzyme.

Jurnal Biologi Indonesia diterbitkan oleh Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia. Jurnal ini memuat hasil penelitian ataupun kajian yang berkaitan dengan masalah biologi yang diterbitkan secara berkala dua kali setahun.

Multirole of pesantren demand are very complex and dynamic in human development and agriculture development. Pesantrens who have noble values, the spiritual capital as well as agricultural resources are expected to drive the development of agriculture. However, the problem complexity that exist bring pesantren to changes overall and continuously to achieve its goals. This study aims to identify the key elements of the development of the institutional structure of agricultural resource management at pesantren, and also strategy formulation as well as institutional model implementation. Analysis of the institutional structure used Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), and prioritizing implementation models strategies used Exponential Comparative Method (ECM). Financing institutions identified as key elements of institutional structures at pesantren has agricultural resources. Pesantren as social institutions have the potential of agricultural resources managed by the cooperative venture or other productive enterprises. The agency is highly dependent on the financial institutions supporting with a particular scheme in order to promote the sustainability of educational activities and business management that grew up in pesantren. Institutional management of agricultural resources is reinforced by economic institutional community based on faith and good deeds that create a balance of material and spiritual well as the interests of the individual and society. Priority implementation strategy including the competency development of HR pesantren, pesantren leadership cadre and the development of vision-mission in accordance with the paradigm of sustainable development.