Abstract The study is based on 175 slide-mounted specimens collected during several entomological surveys between 2009 and 2022 in hilly regions of western Slovakia (Považský Inovec Mts., Strážovské vrchy Mts., and Súľovské skaly rocks in Súľovské vrchy Mts.). Altogether, several thousand specimens of moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) were collected. Eight species are recorded from Slovakia for the first time: Mormia revisenda (Eaton, 1893), Psychomormia incerta (Eaton, 1893), Jungiella (Psychocha) hassiaca Wagner, 1993, Seoda vaillanti (Withers, 1989), Berdeniella zwicki Wagner, 1983, Pericoma (Pericoma) calcifera Vaillant & Withers, 1993, P. (P.) pannonica Szabó, 1960, and Pneumia vaillanti (Wagner, 1981). All newly recorded species are considered very rare and are classified as nationally scarce (NS). In addition, several other rare and conservation-relevant species were recorded, including Yomormia furva (Tonnoir, 1940), Jungiella (Psychocha) acuminata (Szabó, 1960), J. (P.) laminata (Szabó, 1960), Paramormia (Phyllotelmatoscopus) acuta (Krek, 1971), Philosepedon (Philothreticus) soljani Krek, 1971, Clytocerus (Boreoclytocerus) splendidus Ježek & Hájek, 2007, Pericoma (Pericoma) tonnoiri Vaillant, 1978, P. (P.) vestita Vaillant & Withers, 1993, and Pneumia rivularis (Berdén, 1954). The occurrence of these species highlights the importance of the studied region for the conservation of moth fly biodiversity and underlines the need for the protection of their habitats.

A total of 147 localities in Slovenia and three sites in Croatia were surveyed for Psychodidae (Diptera) during fieldwork conducted between 1999 and 2001. In total, 93 species were recorded, of which 28 are reported for the first time in Slovenia, increasing the known Slovenian Psychodidae to 93 species, and three are newly documented for Croatia. Species richness per locality ranged from single-species occurrences to 12 species, reflecting the diversity of aquatic and riparian habitats. According to IUCN and national assessments, five species are Critically Endangered (CR), eight Endangered (EN), seven Vulnerable (VU), and 19 Near Threatened (NT) at the national level. Thus, 42% of recorded species face some level of conservation concern. These results significantly expand the knowledge of Central European psychodid fauna, highlight previously undocumented distribution data, and underscore the importance of protecting aquatic and riparian ecosystems for conservation of threatened species.

Three new species of moth flies—Alepia bipartita sp. nov., Alepia dentata sp. nov. and Arisemus cardenali sp. nov.—are described and illustrated, based on males. The type specimens were collected in Nicaragua (Cerro Musún, Matagalpa department, Rio Blanco). These new species are characterized by unique morphology of the wing and aedeagal complex.

The biodiversity of moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Poland is presented. A total of 100 species have been recorded, 78 of which have been observed recently, 21 recorded historically and not confirmed by recent sampling, and one species recorded through citizen science. A total of 33 species are new to Poland and 38 species are considered important for nature conservation. Detailed information is missing for Paramormia (Paramormia) fratercula (Eaton, 1893), Seoda morula (Eaton, 1893), Seoda similis (Tonnoir, 1922), Berdeniella unispinosa (Tonnoir, 1919), Pericoma (Pericoma) diversa Tonnoir, 1919, Saraiella carpatica Vaillant, 1981, and Pneumia vittata (Tonnoir, 1919). Some records probably originate from larval identification. The status of Pneumia rivularis (Berdén, 1954) is briefly discussed. The record of Ulomyia ophicornis Vaillant, 1983 needs verification.

. Two new species of moth flies, Alepia frici n. sp. and A. lorica n. sp., are described and illustrated based on male specimens collected in the sub-Andean region of Bolivia (Suapi and Marimonos, respectively). These species are distinguished by the unique morphology of their wings and aedeagal complex. Deux nouvelles esp & egrave;ces d'Alepia (Diptera : Psychodidae : Psychodinae : Maruinini) du bassin versant amazonien, en Bolivie. Deux nouvelles esp & egrave;ces de psychodides, Alepia frici n. sp. et A. lorica n. sp., sont d & eacute;crites et illustr & eacute;es & agrave; partir de sp & eacute;cimens m & acirc;les collect & eacute;s dans la r & eacute;gion subandine de Bolivie (Suapi et Marimonos, respectivement). Ces esp & egrave;ces se distinguent par la morphologie unique de leurs ailes et de leur appareil g & eacute;nital.

Psychodocha picaulti n. sp. is described and illustrated based on both male and female specimens, from a small collection of non-biting moth flies from the Seychelles. We record for the first time the cosmopolitan species Clogmia albipunctata (Williston, 1893) in this region. Additionally, an updated checklist of Seychelles Psychodidae is provided.

Abstract The biodiversity of non-biting moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Slovakia is presented. A total of 69 species are recorded, of which 10 are new for the country: Panimerus goetghebueri (Tonnoir, 1919), Feuerborniella obscura (Tonnoir, 1919), Philosepedon ( Philosepedon ) dumosum Omelková & Ježek, 2012, P. ( P. ) nickerli Ježek, 1997, P. ( P. ) perdecorum Omelková & Ježek, 2012, P. ( Philothreticus ) soljani Krek, 1971, Logima surcoufi (Tonnoir, 1922) comb. n. (originally described as Psychoda ), Berdeniella caprai Salamanna & Sarà, 1979, B. lucasii (Satchell, 1955) – also newly recorded for Europe; and Tonnoiriella obtusa (Tonnoir, 1919). Four species are classified as critically endangered: Promormia silesiensis Ježek, 1983, Parajungiella ellisi (Withers, 1987), Philosepedon ( Trichosepedon ) balkanicum Krek, 1971, and Saraiella rotunda (Krek, 1970). Five species are considered endangered: Promormia eatoni (Tonnoir, 1940), Panimerus goetghebueri (Tonnoir, 1919), Pericoma ( Pericoma ) exquisita Eaton, 1893, Pneumia stammeri (Jung, 1956), and Ulomyia vaseki Ježek, 2002. Three species are classified as vulnerable: Parajungiella prikryli Ježek, 1999, Philosepedon ( Philosepedon ) nickerli Ježek, 1997, and Threticus silvaticus Ježek, 1985. In addition, 13 species are currently considered nationally scarce (NS), with no assessed conservation status: Philosepedon ( Philosepedon ) dumosum Omelková & Ježek, 2012, P. ( P. ) perdecorum Omelková & Ježek, 2012, P. ( Philothreticus ) soljani Krek, 1971, Threticus negrobovi Vaillant, 1972, Apsycha pusilla (Tonnoir, 1922), Logima surcoufi (Tonnoir, 1922), Berdeniella caprai Salamanna & Sarà, 1979, B. lucasii (Satchell, 1955), Berdeniella vimmeri Ježek, 1995, Clytocerus ( Boreoclytocerus ) longicorniculatus Krek, 1987, C. ( B. ) splendidus Ježek & Hájek, 2007, Pericoma ( Pericoma ) tatrica Szabó, 1960, and Tonnoiriella obtusa (Tonnoir, 1919). Establishing a robust faunal and taxonomic foundation is essential for understanding and protecting biodiversity. This knowledge can directly support the conservation of numerous species (25 in this study) and guide the management of their habitats, which are often threatened by the development of large-scale mountain tourism infrastructure. This study also provides a preliminary proposal for the inclusion of Slovak non-biting moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) on the national list of threatened species.

A fundamental prerequisite for understanding and protecting biodiversity is the construction of a high-quality faunal database. The primary objective of this study was to address knowledge gaps in the biodiversity of the family Psychodidae in Estonia. Faunistic data on 45 species of moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Estonia are presented, including 30 new country-records. Sixteen species are considered important for nature conservation. An updated checklist of the family, comprising 71 species, is provided for the Baltic countries. Habitus photographs of selected Estonian species are also included.

Abstract Data on the occurrence of non-biting moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) from the area of Králický Sněžník Mts and neighbouring environs is presented. A total of 56 species are recorded. Seven species are critically endangered: Philosepedon (Trichosepedon) balkanicum Krek, 1971; Clytocerus (Boreoclytocerus) rivosus (Tonnoir, 1919); Saraiella parva (Vaillant, 1963); S. rotunda (Krek, 1970); Szaboiella hibernica (Tonnoir, 1940); Tonnoiriella nigricauda (Tonnoir, 1919) and Ulomyia plumata (Tonnoir, 1919). Four species are endangered: Threticus incurvus Krek, 1972; Pneumia stammeri (Jung, 1956); P. vittata (Tonnoir, 1919) and Ulomyia vaseki Ježek, 2002. Two species are vulnerable: Threticus arvernicus Vaillant, 1972 and T. silvaticus Ježek, 1985. Moreover, one species which has unfortunately so far not assessed useful conservation status (NS, nationally scarce, used newly in the past): Berdeniella vimmeri Ježek, 1995 is also recorded. A basic prerequisite for the understanding and protection of biodiversity is the building of a high-quality faunal and taxonomic base. This knowledge can be applied to the protection of endangered species (14 in this account), as well as in the management of their habitats, often destroyed by developers of large mountain touristic bases.

Abstract This contribution fills the Diptera biodiversity knowledge gap of two National Nature Reserves in the east of Slovakia. In total, 53 flies species from 24 families were confirmed in NNR Dreveník and NNR Sivá Brada. Among them tree new records of Dolichopodidae for the fauna of Slovakia: Campsicnemus magius (Loew, 1845), Chrysotus palustris Verrall, 1876, Ephydridae: Notiphila (Agrolimna) uliginosa Haliday, 1839) as well as four valuable species known only from few records from Slovakia Tachytrechus ocior Loew, Dixella obscura (Loew, 1849), Psilopa stackelbergi Nartshuk, 1970, Cnodacophora stylifera (Loew, 1870). As an additional new record Sybistroma discipes (Germar, 1817) (Dolichopodidae) is added from Levoča town, near Röhrgrund pond. The knowledge of the biodiversity of protected areas is crucial for the appropriate management and protection of fauna in these rare areas.

This paper attempts to fill the knowledge gaps in biodiversity of non-biting moth flies in the Caucasus (especially in Abkhazia) and create a suitable basis for subsequent (not only) ecological studies. In total, records of 65 Psychodidae (Sycoracinae - one sp., Psychodinae 64 spp., altogether 33 genera) species/subspecies are presented based on specimens collected mainly in Abkhazia, with some additional data from Armenia, Georgia, and Russia (12 new records). The Psychodidae fauna of Abkhazia now comprises 57 species, 31 of which are newly listed here. The Caucasus region (including the territory of Abkhazia presented here) should be considered the most biologically rich and most endangered region in the world, with an exceptional richness of endemic and endangered species also from the point of view of psychodids biodiversity. Sixteen extremely rare species in this family (probably Caucasus or highland endemics) which need to be given increased attention, whether from the point of view of island ecology or biodiversity protection, have been herein confirmed.

All important published records for 23 moth fly species known so far from Albania are reviewed (Phlebotominae 10 species, Psychodinae 13 species). Records of 5 Psychodidae (Phlebotominae 1, Psychodinae 4) species/subspecies are presented in this paper based on specimens collected by sweep-netting and UV light in Albania in 2022. Four species are recorded for the first time in Albania (namely: Jovamormia caliginosa (Eaton, 1893), Psychodocha cinerea Banks, 1894, Tinearia alternata (Say, 1824), Pericoma (Pericoma) motasi motasi Vaillant, 1978). The first checklist of Psychodidae of Albania is also listed. Key Words: Biodiversity, faunistics, moth flies, Phlebotominae, Psychodinae, Mormiini, Paramormiini, Psychodini, Pericomaini, Mediterranean Area, Europe, Palaearctic Region

The rare European species Atrichobrunettia (Mirousiella) graeca Ježek et Goutner, 1993 and the invasive species Clogmia albipunctata (Williston, 1893) (both Diptera: Psychodidae) are newly recorded from “Dunele Marine de la Agigea” Nature Reserve from Romania. The updated checklist of non-Phlebotomine species of the family Psychodidae for Romania with 53 species is given.

Abstract Biting midges (Phlebotominae) are medically important vectors of human and veterinary disease-causing agents. This study presents the results of the field research of arthropods of A. van Harten in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) during the period of approximately 2005 – 2007 at a high number of localities (15 are mentioned here, with 9 species collected incl. five confirmed; 4 spp. are new for the fauna of the UAE: Phlebotomus (Phlebotomus) papatasi (Scopoli, 1786), Sergentomyia (Parrotomyia) baghdadis (Adler & Theodor, 1929), S. (Sergentomyia) schwetzi Adler, Theodor & Parrot, 1929, S. (Grassomyia) squamipleuris Newstead, 1912).

Psychodid specimens from one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots – the Caucasus region – were sorted from samples collected during field work in 2019. Pneumia fuehzulii sp. nov. (from two localities in Azerbaijan) and Thornburghiella salihi sp. nov. (from one locality in Azerbaijan and four sites in Georgia) are described from this material. Differential diagnoses are given and some morphological characters illustrated. Sijaricia Krek, 1999, syn. nov. of Thornburghiella Vaillant, 1982 is proposed and T. erinacea (Krek, 1971) comb. nov. from Ulomyia Walker, 1856 is suggested.

Abstract Here, we present the latest findings on moth fly (Psychodidae: Diptera) species richness in the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts. and Podbeskydská Pahorkatina Uplands, based on both previously published and unpublished data and new samples collected between 2007 and 2020. Two species new to the fauna of the Czech Republic were recorded (Sycorax feuerborni Jung, 1954 and Jungiella (Jungiella) revelica Vaillant, 1972), bringing the total number of moth fly species in the Czech Republic to 180 (Ježek et al. 2021). In addition, five species were recorded for the first time in the area of interest: Trichomyia parvula Szabó, 1960 (second locality in the Czech Republic); Paramormia (Phyllotelmatoscopus) acuta (Krek, 1971) (third record in the Czech Republic); Philosepedon (Philosepedon) perdecorum Omelková & Ježek, 2012 (third locality and fourth record); Pericoma (Pericoma) ljubiniensis Krek, 1969 (second finding and third locality); Tonnoiriella pulchra (Eaton, 1893) (sixth area and first finding in the Czech Carpathians). The finding of Jungiella (Jungiella) valachica (Vaillant, 1963) confirms its historical occurrence in the region. In the latest survey, we collected 108 species from 29 localities, of which 16 are critically endangered, eight endangered and three vulnerable. Nine localities were evaluated as species-rich, i.e. Hluchý 1. (58 species), Vysutý 2. (56), Hluchý 2. (53), Vysutý 4. (49), Skalická Morávka 2. (46), Chladná voda 3. (44), Hluchý 3. (43), Morávka - spring and Obidová 1. (both 42). The total number of moth flies found within the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts. and Podbeskydská pahorkatina Uplands now stands at 124 species, representing 68.9 % of total Czech fauna.

Psychodid specimens were sorted from samples collected during fieldwork in areas in and around the Caucasus Mountains in 2019. Thornburghiella montana sp. nov. (from Georgia) and Pericoma inopinata sp. nov. (from Azerbaijan and Georgia) are described. Differential diagnoses are given and diagnostic characters illustrated.

Abstract In total 65 Diptera species from 20 families (Anisopodidae (2 spp.), Asilidae (1), Bibionidae (1), Clusiidae (1), Culicidae (8), Dolichopodidae (7), Drosophilidae (4), Dryomyzidae (1), Empididae (2), Heleomyzidae (5), Hybotidae (5), Lauxaniidae (4), Limoniidae (9), Opomyzidae (2), Pallopteridae (2), Psychodidae (6), Rhagionidae (2), Scatopsidae (1), Trichoceridae (1) and Ulidiidae (1)) were recorded. The species Drapetis flavipes Macquart, 1834 (Hybotidae), is recorded for the first time in Slovakia. Ten species belong among uncommon or rare (namely: Atypophthalmus (Atypophthalmus) inustus (Meigen, 1818), Calliopum splendidum Papp, 1978, Dioctria linearis (Fabricius, 1787), Cheilotrichia (Empeda) neglecta (Lackschewitz, 1927), Chrysopilus asiliformis (Preyssler, 1791), Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) nigrinus (Eckstein 1918), Philosepedon (Philosepedon) austriacum Vaillant, 1974, Suillia variegata (Loew, 1862), Toxoneura modesta (Meigen, 1830) and Trichomyia urbica Curtis, 1839). On the other hand, two invasive species are also reported. Drosophila (Sophophora) suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) is an invasive crop pest and Aedes (Finlaya) japonicus japonicus (Theobald, 1901) is an invasive biting pest, a potential vector for various diseases. City parks are also important from the point of view of Diptera biodiversity and more attention needs to be paid to them.

The male of a new species Arisemus venustus sp. n. from Nicaragua, the Cerro Musun Natural Reserve, is described. A. atrasetus (Rapp, 1945) and Platyplastinx tango Quate et Brown, 2004 (Diptera: Psychodidae: Psychodinae) from Nicaragua are redescribed and illustrated on the basis of male morphological characters.