This paper presents a Wi-Fi RF transceiver with a 2.4GHz/5GHz/6GHz tri-band switchable design. To support the wide 320MHz channel BW for Wi-Fi 7, the RF LC-tank response and TXLPF drooping are compensated via a proposed TX flatness calibration scheme that flattens the amplitude difference over the 320MHz signal bandwidth and improves the EVM over each sub-carrier. This work also proposes a reset-pulse XO design to significantly reduce the XO phase noise. A VCO pushing compensation and calibration technique is developed to suppress the sensitivity to LDO noise and DC-DC spurs. The integrated PLL RMS jitter is 57.9fs at 7.115GHz. The measured TX EVM floor achieves -42.6dB at OdBm output power with EHT320 4096-QAM signals. This RF Transceiver occupies 3.74mm 2 in 55nm CMOS technology.

The new WiFi 11ax standard carries several improvements compared to its 11g/ac predecessor. It supports multi-user MIMO and uses OFDMA modulation, which enables users to share the same channel via allocated Resource Units (RU). In addition, it provides transmit power adjustments for better operation in a dense environment. Furthermore, the standard calls for the support of MCS11 1024-QAM modulation with target transmit (TX) EVM of -35dB, which results in nearly 25% higher throughput compared to MCS9 256QAM. In order to improve user experience to guarantee signal quality between walls and obstacles, a <; -40dB receive (RX) EVM is required for 1024-QAM signals derived by fading-channel model emulation and field measurements. Such new features have posed stringent requirements to in-band distortion/noise of both TX and RX as well as the TX emission, especially in the RU case (minimum 2MHz) due to higher power density.

The future of driving extends from physical mobility and enjoyment today to having more services enabled by wireless connectivity, clean and green technologies, secure transactions, and so forth. Whether the ownership is based on physical vehicles or services, or whether the drivers are human or robots, one demand that will never change is to have better safety at affordable cost. Among available sensor technologies for the advanced-driver-assistance-system (ADAS), radar is indispensable due to its unique capability in robustness against environmental impacts, long-range detection, sufficient range resolution, and simultaneous multi-depth detection. Those are very crucial since camera, Lidar and ultrasonic sensors perform poorly under severe weather conditions, and an autonomous vehicle would become partially blinded without radars. There are several automotive radar applications such as front radars responsible for autonomous cruise control and automatic emergency braking, as well as corner radars responsible for blind-spot detection (BSD), cross-traffic alert (CTA), and the like. A new class of applications comprehending ultra-short range sensing and 360° surround view for parking assistance, door-opening alert, etc. is emerging. In this paper, requirements of the new applications will be examined, which will be further broken into system and circuit specification. A new system including application-driven algorithm, hardware and software designs will be presented to fulfill the new demands.

This paper presents a dual-band 2×2 WiFi transceiver in 28nm bulk CMOS. Achieved receiver and transmitter EVM floor at 5GHz for 160MHz per channel are -35dB and -33dB, respectively. The 2.4GHz integrated PA provides 26.5dBm saturated output power while its 5GHz counterpart delivers 26dBm. The 2.4GHz receiver features mixer first architecture while the transmitter includes a 2nd harmonic notch for emission control.

This paper presents a 55nm 4-in-1 (11b/g/n, BT, FM, and GPS) radio assembled side-by-side with a 3-metal layer integrated-passive-device (IPD) chip in a QFN40 package. One 2.4GHz transceiver is area-efficiently shared between WiFi and Bluetooth systems. Including a 3dB IPD insertion loss, at chip output (antenna port) the saturated output power of the 11bgn integrated PA is 25dBm; the receiver noise figure is 6dB and 7dB in WiFi and BT modes, respectively. The shared synthesizer locks to within 4ppm target frequency during WiFi/BT channel switching in less than 23 usec. Tracking sensitivity of the GPS receiver and the sensitivity of the FM receiver (including IPD loss) are -162dBm and 2.7dBuVrms, respectively. The IPD chip contains a 2.4GHz WiFi/BT balanced tri-section filter and matching network; a 2.4GHz/1.6GHz diplexer; and a GPS 5th order elliptical filter and its matching network. The radio and IPD die sizes are 3.4mm 2 and 3.1mm 2 , respectively.

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