Kimchi cabbage is the main ingredient in kimchi, and improvements in yield and quality are therefore meaningful for the health of the consumer and the kimchi industry. In light of this, the present study investigated whether the gluconasturtiin (GNT) content of kimchi cabbage can be increased by applying the endophytic fungus Heteroconium chaetospira (HC). We observed that the composition of amino acids in kimchi cabbage leaves differed depending on the type of fertilizer applied during cultivation. Kimchi cabbage seedlings grew well in glutamine medium supplied with nitrate nitrogen regardless of HC inoculation. However, unfertilized kimchi cabbage seedlings that were not inoculated with HC grew poorly while those inoculated with HC grew well, suggesting HC has a beneficial effect on phenylalanine absorption by the root. When kimchi cabbage was grown with endophytic fungi inoculation and oil cake application, phenylaniline content in the leaves increased. Furthermore, when the 'Suho' cultivar inoculated with HC was grown in oil cake-supplemented soil, the gluconapin and glucobrassicanapin contents were slightly lowered and the GNT content was 8.36 μmole/g, or 74

In this study, sap flow of Kimchi cabbage was affected the most by solar radiation, but it was not completely consistent. In addition, it was judged to be somewhat affected by other weather environmental factors such as temperature, soil temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, and vapor pressure deficit. Sap flow of Kimchi cabbage was affected by changes in soil temperature in the root stalk and solar radiation in the leaves. The effect of soil moisture on sap flow was not sensitive in the range of available soil moisture conditions, while it showed different patterns according to the measurement location, leaf aging, and extreme weather conditions. The ratio of evapotranspiration calculated from sap flow and from the positive relationship between them was presented as an irrigation signal. When the soil moisture was sufficient, the temperature and humidity measured at the top 1 cm of the ground surface adjacent to the cabbage followed the general pattern of temperature and humidity change in the air, and the opposite result was obtained when the soil moisture was insufficient. Therefore, it was determined that the abnormal change signal of the temperature and humidity near the surface of the Kimchi cabbage cultivated soil can be used as an indicator for determining the soil moisture state.

This experiment was performed to determine the concentration of coconut water that is most effective in promoting the growth of ‘Maehyang’ strawberry...

Hye Jin Kim・Mi Ja Choi ・Jong Nam Lee ・Jong Taek Suh ・Ki Deog Kim・Yul Ho Kim ・Su Young Hong ・ Su Jeong Kim・Hwang Bae Sohn ・Jeong Hwan Nam. J Plant Biotechnol 2020;47:46-52. https://doi.org/10.5010/JPB.2020.47.1.046

This study analyzed the phenotypes and chemotypes of 74 tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) germplasms using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The average seed size of tartary buckwheat germplasm was 5.2 × 3.4 mm, which is smaller than the seed size of common buckwheat. The dark browned colored ovate or elliptic shape was mostly observed in collected germplasm. The average content of rutin was 1,393 mg per 100 g dry weight (DW) in tartary buckwheat seed. Similarly, the flavonoid and polyphenol contents ranged from 253 to 2,669 and 209 to 1,823 mg, respectively, per 100 g DW in the collected germplasm. The three components (PC1, 2, and 3) of principal component analysis revealed 68.55% of the total variance of the collected accessions. Cluster analysis using descriptors showed that 74 accessions were clustered into five groups. The study showed that the most interesting resources for functional breeding programs are: Five resources (HLB1004, HLB1005, HLB1007, HLB1009, and HLB1013) due to the rich rutin, polyphenol, and flavonoid.

‘Goha’, ‘Gangha’, ‘Gwanha’, and ‘Yeolha’ are newly-developed Korean everbearing strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) cultivars. Bioactive phytochemicals play a crucial role in the prevention of cancer, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases. We examined the free radical scavenging activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in these four cultivars and a junebearing cultivar ‘Seolhyang’ for comparison. ‘Gwanha’ showed the strongest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical scavenging activities, and ‘Gwanha’ and ‘Goha’ had the most potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Total anthocyanin content (TAC) was the highest in ‘Gwanha’. The major anthocyanin components of everbearing strawberry were determined to be pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pg3G), pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G). A correlation study between activity and components revealed that TAC was highly correlated with antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities, and in principal component analysis, C3G is highly correlated with antioxidant activity and Pg3G is highly correlated with the antihyperglycemic effect of everbearing strawberries. Among the four everbearing strawberry cultivars, ‘Gwanha’ and ‘Goha’ are rich sources of pelargonidin showing strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and are promising dietary sources to prevent diabetes.

A new Gomchwi cultivar ‘Soomany’ was derived from a cross between Gomchwi (Ligularia fischeri (Ledeb.) Turcz.) and Handaeri-gomchwi (Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis Nakai). The investigation and selection of growth and yield characteristics were conducted from 2007 to 2015 in field and greenhouse of Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, in Korea. On a newly developed cultivar ‘Soomany’, color of petiole ear is light green, petiole trichome is existent, trichome and light on the back of the leaves don’t exist, and density of leaf vein is degree 4. Plant height, leaf length, leaf width and petiole length are 77.1, 22.3, 21.5 and 57.2 cm, respectively in the growth characteristics of the 2nd year. Plant size was also higher than that of ‘Sammany’ generally. Bolting date was on August 15. Flowering date was on September 19, about 9 days later than ‘Sammany’. ‘Soomany’ and ‘Sammany’ had 149 and 133 leaves per plant, respectively. Total yield of ‘Soomany’ (1,623 g/plant) made a very good comparison with that of ‘Sammany’ (1,385 g/plant). ‘Soomany’ showed harder leaves (25.8 kg/cm2) than ‘Sammany’ (20.8 kg/cm2), whereas ‘Soomany’ had thinner leaves (0.53 mm) than ‘Sammany’ (0.62 mm). ‘Soomany’ variety has shown strong resistance to powdery mildew disease compared to ‘Sammany’. In May 2019, the right of variety protection of ‘Soomany’ was registered as a new Gomchwi variety (Register No. 192).

The texture of Kimchi cabbage was investigated by determining the hardness variation of midribs by leaf order and midrib position and analyzing the hardness characteristic by probe type. The objective of this research was the development of assessment methods for hardness of Kimchi cabbages in cropping types of summer season production. The hardness of the midrib of Kimchi cabbage leaves varied depending on the degree of development of the internal and external epidermis and the vascular tissues. The midrib hardness of Kimchi cabbage leaves did not differ significantly among cultivation types and tended to be lower toward the inner leaf. Using the Volodkevich bite jaws probe or blade set probe to measure the cutting force proved to be a suitable approach for examining the texture characteristic of Kimchi cabbage. The peak force of hardness in volodkevich bite jaw probe test the smallest distance and the second and third peak force intervals distance showed shortest among all the tested probes. In addition, hardness force tests with inside and outside results pattern was similar. When measuring the cutting force of midrib by these probes, it is preferable to measure from the outer epidermis to the inner epidermis of the leaf midrib, at 40–50 mm from the leaf stalk, on the 2nd to 6th outer leaves of Kimchi cabbage head formation.

Suk-Woo Jang, Su Hyoung Park, Jong-Nam Lee, Myeong-Hoon Seo, Dae-Gyun Kim, Min-Jeong Lee, Taek-Gu Jeong, Min-Sik In, Jung-Won Lee, Un-Ji Kim, Hee-Dae Kim, Bo-Gyung Park, and Sun-Bo Ko. Korean J. Breed. Sci. 2020;52:200-5. https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2020.52.2.200

Suk-Woo Jang, Jung-Ho Kwak, Seung-Kook Choi, Suhyoung Park, Jong-Nam Lee, Chang-Hui Cho, Dae-Gyun Kim, Myung-Kyu Song, Taek-Gu Jeong, Eun-Ji Kim, Hye-Rang Beom, Hee-Dae Kim, Bo-Gyung Park, Sun-Bo Ko. Korean J. Breed. Sci. 2019;51:146-50. https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2019.51.2.146

This study was carried out to select simple sequence repeat markers (SSR), to identify a DNA profile database, and to analyze the population structure of 28 strawberry cultivars (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) including 22 cultivars of Ever-bearing and 6 of June-bearing strawberry types using SSR markers. We used 10 SSR markers to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of 28 strawberry cultivars. A total 135 alleles were detected with an average of 13.5 per locus. The genetic diversity (1-D) of 28 strawberry cultivars ranged from 0.53 (EMFn226) to 0.89 (FxaHGA02P13), with an average of 0.79. Indices of evenness ranged from 0.57 to 0.83 (average 0.71). Analysis of the distribution of 28 strawberry genetic groups with different K values was performed. With K = 2, it was confirmed that the 28 strawberry genetic groups were divided into two. These 10 SSR makers will be useful to identify and differentiate between Ever-bearing and June-bearing strawberry cultivar.