Summary form only given. In October 1991 the National Science Foundation (NSF) sponsored a workshop to examine the role of the Information Retrieval research community in the emerging environment of Internet, high performance text processing capabilities and ever-increasing volumes of digitized documents. Ed Fox, Michael Lesk and Michael McGill drafted a White Paper, calling for a National Electronic Science, Engineering, and Technology Library. The term “Digital Library” was adopted and for follow-up workshops with the goal to identify research directions, leading to National Science Foundation (NSF)/Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)/National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Research in Digital Libraries Initiative announced in late 1993. Now, in 2016, 25 years after the first workshop, 15 years after the Joint Conference on Digital Libraries has been established, and many initiatives and developments around the world, what is the state of Digital Libraries? What items should be in digital libraries, who should their custodians, how can the items be organized to support knowledge discovery, how can the contents be safeguarded and preserved? Ebla, Syria (2500 B.C.-2250 B.C.) constitutes the oldest organized library of tables yet discovered. What will the archeologists discover in year 4400 about the world, politics, economies, technologies, science, climate, species, health, food, culture, art, entertainment and everyday life through the ages? The talk will examine what we can do to support innovative research and design and implementation of lasting, informative Digital Libraries that will promote global goals of knowledge discovery and international understanding and personal needs to organize and selectively share important facts, creations, and memories.

"Networking of Multimedia Women" event is a continuation of an on-going conversation in the multimedia research community and efforts by the ACM SIGMM to engage and promote female researchers in multimedia community, enable networking of junior and senior female researchers, and give insights towards successful professional careers based on examples. This year, the event will have a theme, called "Beyond Epsilon Science", where preeminent senior female researchers from academia, industry and government, Svetha Venkatesh, Nalini Venkatasubramanian, Dulce Ponceleon, Susanne Boll, and Maria Zemankova will present and discuss how to go beyond epsilon science, where to look for big ideas with high social impact, as well as how to obtain funding to realize these ideas, innovations and opportunities. Their current research projects and funding efforts, and their personal experiences will drive the event's discussions, awareness of major research and funding initiatives, answers to open questions and insights into successful professional careers.

History of humans trying to understand and provide foundations for human reasoning or intelligence can be traced back to 11 th century BC Babylonia reasoning in medical diagnostics and astronomy, Chinese tradition of thought that blossomed between 10 th and 6 th centuries BC and produced Analects of Confucius, 6 th through 2 nd century BC Indian philosophy and Hindu schools of thought, 4 th century BC Greece where Aristotle gave birth to formal logic, and the quest continues into 21 st century AD. Humans have also been keen on creating “artificial life” or “intelligent systems”. The Old Testament that was created between the 12 th and the 2 nd century BC mentions a “servant” made from clay called Golem. However, you are now in Prague, where according to the legend the 16 th century the chief Rabbi Loew constructed the Golem out of clay from the banks of Vltava (Moldau) river and brought it to life to protect the Jewish Ghetto. However, Golem grew it became increasingly violent, spreading fear, killing and eventually turning on its creator. It is believed that the first record of a “homunculus” (representation of a human being) appeared in alchemical literature in the 3 rd century AD. A different branch of inquiry aimed at building “automata”, or self-operating artificial systems that have been made to resemble human or animal actions. These can be traced to 3 rd century BC China, Greek Antikythera mechanism built about 150-100 BC, 8 th century Muslim alchemist, Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber) who in his coded Book of Stones included recipes for constructing artificial snakes, scorpions, and humans. In 1921, a Czech writer Karel Capek gave birth to the word “robot” in his science fiction play “R.U.R.” (Rossum’s Universal Robots). Today, robots produce cars, explore the universe, search for victims in natural disasters, perform delicate surgeries, harvest crops, and cuddly robots with capabilities to talk are companions to elderly and children - as portrayed in another Czech science fiction from 1962 “Kybernetická Babicka” (Cybernetic Grandmother) by Jirí Trnka - a puppet maker, illustrator, motion-picture animator and film director. The quest to understand intelligence and create intelligent systems has a history of 32 centuries, while the International Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent System that originated in 1986 has as of this year (2009) devoted 23 years to advancing the state of the art in our understanding intelligent behavior - both human and machine, and developing more effective intelligent machine systems or human-machine systems. In the early years, ISMIS focused on areas of Approximate Reasoning, Expert Systems, Intelligent Databases, Knowledge Representation, Learning and Adaptive Systems, Logic for Artificial Intelligence, and Man-Machine Interaction. ISMIS 2009 called for papers in the areas of Active Media Human-Computer Interaction, Autonomic and Evolutionary Computation, Digital Libraries, Intelligent Agent Technology, Intelligent Information Retrieval, Intelligent Information Systems, Intelligent Language Processing, Knowledge Representation and Integration, Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, Knowledge Visualization, Logic for Artificial Intelligence, Music Information Retrieval, Soft Computing, Text Mining, Web Intelligence, Web Mining, and Web Services. Have we solved the problems that are not in ISIMS 2009 focus? Where do we stand? What have we learned? What are we teaching? Where should we focus our attention in the years beyond 2009? This talk will outline open research problems, educational and other societal issues, and opportunities for cooperation in methodologies for intelligent systems.

Need a more comprehensive treatment and use of workflows to support and record new scientific methodologies■ Reproducibility is core to scientific method and requires rich provenance, interoperable persistent repositories with linkage of open data and publication as well as distributed simulations, data analysis and new algorithms.■ Distributed science methodology captures and publishes all steps (a rich cloud of resources including emails, Wikis as new electronic log books as well as databases, compiler options…) in scientific process (data analysis) in a fashion that allows process to be reproducible; need to be able to electronically reference steps in process.

Let us now make the final conclusions concerning the learning process by examples based on the concepts of a possibility distribution function and a rough set. As was shown the interpretation JS has the power of reducing the uncertainty whether an element belongs or does not belong to a concept to be learned. This is an improvement over the interpretation MS which can not provide any information for elements in the boundary. It can be observed that the computed function GS gets closer to the interpretation JS as the number of the learned concepts grows larger. The measure of learning defined by us reflects the effect of arranging the set of concepts to be learned into a particular sequence. The optimization method that we have outlined can be used to improve the learning process.

Initially, concepts are described in terms of values of attributes. These descriptions are in a probabilistic DNF form. Assuming a growing language, concepts already taught can be used in describing new concepts. The order of teaching the concepts is the key to producing their optimal descriptions. By "optimal" we mean the minimum number of occurences of constants in descriptions. The problem of finding the minimal description for each concept is NP-complete, hence our proposed algorithm has to be heuristic. Our strategy is based on clustering terms in concept descriptions in order to replace them by shorter higher level terms. Concepts are taught with respect to the increasing order of disjuncts in their descriptions. The outcome of the algorithm are optimized concepts descriptions in terms of a growing language, and a concept hierarchy that can be used for further learning and as a tool for generalization/specialization/similarity based reasoning.

Let us now make the final conclusions concerning the learning processes in static and expanding systems. In a static system we are able to approximate a new concept and teach the system only that approximation. The relation between the concept and its approximation is stored as a system rule. In an expanding system we can teach the system the exact concept. Concepts learned by the system are used to approximate concepts which have to be learned. In static systems these approximations are replaced by larger approximations by applying system rules. For this reason the number of examples used by the teacher to teach a concept in static systems is greater than the number of examples needed to teach the same concept in expanding systems.

The library profession was and is undergoing dynamic changes related to the processes taking place in the information and culture contexts of modern society. Reflection on the profession, its role, responsibilities, competence, and development have been central to LIS research from the middle of the 19th century. This is an ongoing process as one can see from the latest edition of the Svensk Biblioteksforskning, which includes three articles exploring different aspects of LIS professional development processes.

The survey of the CIKM Call for Papers for the period 1998 - 2002 demonstrates that the CIKM organizers very accurately "identify challenging problems facing the development of future knowledge and information systems [in] applied and theoretical research" [1998] and also play an important role fostering "bridging traditionally separated areas such as databases and information retrieval, or those that apply techniques from one area to another" [2001, 2002]. The presented CIKM papers also indicate that researchers work on interesting problems. This talk will discuss some additional research topics for future consideration by the CIKM community.In most cases, to achieve important results, research needs to be well supported. If you are not getting the funding you need, this talk may provide some pointers where you can look for finding. If you are well supported, I will try to convince you that you can be instrumental in improving the funding scenario for everybody, by mentoring the junior members of the CIKM community, by forming collaborative (international, interdisciplinary) teams and by letting the funders know what you find conducive to your research and what you consider a hindrance. Regardless if you are well funded or not, it is most helpful if you are active in identifying new research directions and also assist in evaluating the priorities.The most frequent problem for inadequate funding is lack of funds. However, researchers can help! This can be achieved in many different ways: thinking about long-term applications of fundamental research to societal needs; working with communities that can directly benefit from research; sharing the research results not only with the research colleagues, but also wider constituencies - at their appropriate levels; and informing your funders about your spectacular achievements, i.e., providing good reasons for increasing the research funding.CIKM strives to bring together research communities that traditionally do not work together. Providing a forum for interdisciplinary research is laudable and very important, as very often interdisciplinary or international research is not "appreciated". This talk will discuss how we could gradually change the discipline- and country-based "appraisal" cultures. We will also attempt to answer the question: "What is the ultimate appreciation?" (Nobel Prize? ...successful .com?... ???).