We describe two specimens of damselflies of the extinct family Sieblosiidae, both attributed to the genus Stenolestes Scudder, 1895. One specimen is attributed to Stenolestes iris (Heer), the type species of the genus, while the second represents a new species, Stenolestes oeningenensis sp. nov. Both specimens are from the historical collection of fossil insects from & Ouml;hningen, stored in the collections of ETH Z & uuml;rich. This study provides the first formal description of S. iris, and adds a 16th species to this genus, currently known only from the Oligocene and Miocene of the Western Palaearctic region.

Untangling the patterns and drivers behind the diversification and extinction of highly diversified lineages remains a challenge in evolutionary biology. While insect diversification has been widely studied through the "Big Four" insect orders (Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera), the fifth most diverse order, Hemiptera, has often been overlooked. Hemiptera exhibit a rich fossil record and are highly diverse in present-day ecosystems, with many lineages closely associated to their host plants, making them a crucial group for studying how past ecological shifts-such as mass extinctions and floral turnovers-have influenced insect diversification. This study leverages birth-death models in a Bayesian framework and the fossil record of Hemiptera to estimate their past diversity dynamics. Our results reveal that global changes in flora over time significantly shaped the evolutionary trajectories of Hemiptera. Two major faunal turnovers particularly influenced Hemiptera diversification: (i) the aftermath of the Permo-Triassic mass extinction and (ii) the Angiosperm Terrestrial Revolution. Our analyses suggest that diversification of Hemiptera clades was driven by floristic shifts combined with competitive pressures from overlapping ecological niches. Leveraging the extensive fossil record of Hemiptera allowed us to refine our understanding of diversification patterns across major hemipteran lineages.

Studying insect fossils, particularly those preserved as compressions in sedimentary matrices, can be difficult due to the taphonomic processes that often result to poor preservation and contrast of structures compared to the embedding matrix. To address this, we propose a user-friendly and simple methodology based on UV-light to study insect fossils and select specimens of interest for more advanced imagery exploration. While UV-light imaging has been previously applied to compressions of arthropod fossils, it typically involved laser light sources. Our approach allows the investigation of fossils using an affordable, compact, and portable UV-light source, along with a simple and replicable low-cost protocol. • The methodology is based on UV-light induced natural fluorescence of sediment and fossil remains. • UV-light is effective on compression fossils to gain natural contrast and enhance observation of body structures like veins or setae on wings. • UV-light is effective to reveal palaeoecological information such as pollen grains preserved on specimens, especially near or on putative pollinator or pollen-eating taxa.

A new semi-aquatic bug genus of the family Mesoveliidae is described and illustrated from mid- Cretaceous Kachin amber, as Cretamesovelia pellai gen. et sp. nov. This new taxon represents the second mesoveliid genus documented from the deposits of Noije Bum Hill in northern Myanmar. Together with the recently described genus Myanmarvelia, this taxon provides further insights of the past diversity of semi-aquatic bugs. The new genus is distinguished from the other mesoveliid genera by the following combination of characters: head longer than pronotum; eyes not reduced; antennae shorter than body; rostrum reaching metacoxae; presence of antennal and femoral bristles; mesonotum shorter than pronotum; posterior margin of metanotum curved; metatarsi II longest; apterous. (c) 2024 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

Westphaloneura magnifica gen. et sp. nov., the first known representative of the stem group Neuropteroidea (= Neuropterida + Coleopterida) is described from the Bashkirian/Moscovian of Northern France, in the new family Westphaloneuridae fam. nov. It is based on two forewings and an incomplete hind wing. Its forewing vein media anterior (MA) being well separated from radius/radius posterior vein (R/RP) is a putative symplesiomorphy, also present in the Coleopterida, justifying the proposed position of the fossil. This fossil is contemporaneous with the oldest known Panorpida, sister group of the Neuropteroidea, also from the same area. This first occurrence provides a new key calibration point for the divergence of two Holometabola lineages and will help time-divergence analyses.

Luberotenthredo cerestensis gen. et sp. nov. is the first record of the sawfly family Tenthredinidae from the Oligocene of Céreste (Southern France). This taxon is described and illustrated based on a well-preserved specimen. This genus resembles the extant genus Perineura (subfamily Tenthredininae, tribe Perineurini) with which it shares forewing venation similarities and numerous morphological characters. This new taxon is the first fossil representative of the tribe Perineurini and can be used as a calibration point for future investigation of the diversification of the family Tenthredinidae.

Libanobelostoma calineae gen. et sp. nov., the first mid-Cretaceous giant water bug, is characterized, illustrated and described from the fossil fish Konservat-Lagerstätte of Haqel, Lebanon. This new discovery is important for both the fossil record of the Belostomatidae and for increasing our understanding of the paleoenvironment of Haqel. The new genus displays a combination of synapomorphies and symplesiomorphies for Belostomatidae, along with putative autapomorphies justifying its taxonomic treatment. Together with Libanoaeshna mikhaeli Azar et al., 2024 they represent the first insect discoveries in the fossil fish Konservat-Lagerstätte of Haqel, making it an additional palaeoentomological site to the numerous other sites in Lebanon.

Further investigation of two exposures of middle Permian (Guadalupian) strata in southern France enable us to describe new hemipteran taxa and better resolve their Paleozoic diversity. The new protopsyllidioidean family Lodevopsyllidiidae is described on the basis of the new genus and species Lodevopsyllidium jouaulti from the Guadalupian of Lod & egrave;ve (France). Permospyllidium pumilio sp. nov., a second species of Permopsyllidiidae from the same insect assemblage, is described. The serpentivenid Tomioscarta dominiquea sp. nov. is described from the Wordian of Gonfaron ('red' Permian, France). Its closest relative is Tomioscarta surijokovensis from coeval strata of the Russian Federation. The prosbolid Kaltanetta gonfaronensis sp. nov. is also described from the same insect assemblage at Gonfaron. Its closest relatives are Kaltanetta nigra and Kaltanetta pallida, both from the Roadian of the Russian Federation. These distributions suggest strong affinities in the middle Permian hemipteran faunas between Western Europe and Central Asia. We discuss the definition and taxa included in Serpentivenidae as encompassing Serpentivena and Tomioscarta and excluding Cercopidium mimas.Mathieu Boderau [mathieuboderau@gmail.com], Romain Garrouste [romain.garrouste@mnhn.fr], and Andr & eacute; Nel* [anel@mnhn.fr], Institut de Syst & eacute;matique, & Eacute;volution, Biodiversit & eacute; (ISYEB) Mus & eacute;um national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universit & eacute;, EPHE, Universit & eacute; des Antilles, CP50, 57 rue Cuvier 75005, Paris, France.

The new siricid wasp Xeris muratensis sp. nov. is described from the Upper Miocene (ca. 5.60 ± 0.3 Ma) Konservat-Laggerstätte of Sainte-Reine (Cantal, France). Its wing venation characters closely resemble those of the extant Eastern Palaearctic siricid species Xeris malaisei Maa. The new species has a completely black body, vs. presence of yellow spots on head and thorax in X. malaisei. The entomofauna in this lacustrine maar consists of a mixture of extinct species or taxa lacking modern relatives that disappeared during the Pliocene-Pleistocene, and taxa with no discernible difference from their potential extant relatives.

A new species of Tettigarctidae Sanmai? zetavena sp. nov. is described and illustrated from the Late Triassic Amisan Formation (Republic of Korea). This new species is the oldest representative of the genus Sanmai Chen et al., 2016, previously only known from the Middle Jurassic of China. This discovery expands the temporal range of the genus Sanmai and increases the morphological diversity of Cicadomorpha during the Triassic. Together with recent discoveries of new fossil insect taxa, the description of this new species advocates for further study of the Amisan Formation palaeoentomofauna.

The second fossil assassin bug of the cryptic subfamily Phimophorinae is described and figured from the mid-Miocene amber of the Dominican Republic, on the basis of traditional optical observations and a computed micro-tomography 3D reconstruction. The fossil can be attributed to the extant, monotypic genus Phimophorus Bergroth, which is currently known only from northern South America. The fossil extends the distribution of the lineage into the Caribbean of the Early Neogene and places it among a series of examples of arthropod groups that once thrived in Hispaniola but are today not native to the islands.

Fossils of the early-diverging neodermapteran families Diplatyidae and Haplodiplatyidae are rare, and for the latter have confined to a single Miocene occurrence. Here we report a new genus and species of haplodiplatyid earwig in mid-Cretaceous amber from southern Asia. Zeugmadiplatys cheni n. gen., n. sp. shares many features with extant Haplodiplatys Hincks, 1955, especially the simple, dentiform metaparameres of the male genitalia, but differs notably in the development of the compound eyes, antennae, abdominal tergites and sternites, and ventrally flattened cercal forceps with weakly crenulate to serrate mesal margins. The discovery of the new fossil extends the fossil record of Haplodiplatyidae by approximately 80 million years and provides a crucial calibration point for divergence-time estimates in the diversification of Neodermaptera. Les fossiles appartenant aux familles n & eacute;odermapt & egrave;res Diplatyidae et Haplodiplatyidae sont rares, avec, pour les Haplodiplatyidae, une seule occurrence au Mioc & egrave;ne. Nous d & eacute;crivons ici un nouveau genre et une nouvelle esp & egrave;ce de perce-oreilles appartenant aux Haplodiplatyidae dans l'ambre Cr & eacute;tac & eacute; moyen d'Asie du Sud. Zeugmadiplatys cheni n. gen., n. sp. partage de nombreuses caract & eacute;ristiques avec les Haplodiplatys Hincks, 1955, en particulier, les param & egrave;res externes dentiformes et simples, mais diff & egrave;re notablement dans le d & eacute;veloppement des yeux compos & eacute;s, antennes, tergites et sternites abdominaux et par les forceps ventralement aplatis avec des marges faiblement cr & eacute;nel & eacute;es & agrave; dentel & eacute;es. La d & eacute;couverte de ce nouveau fossile & eacute;tend le registre fossile des Haplodiplatyidae d'environ 80 millions d'ann & eacute;es et fournit un point de calibration crucial pour les analyses d'estimation de temps de divergence pour les Neodermaptera.

Clubtail dragonfly Lindenia heeri sp. nov., is described and figured as the first fossil representative of the extant lindeniine genus Lindenia, based on a finely preserved forewing from the mid-Miocene lacustrine maar of ohningen, Germany. The new species differs from the type and only species of Lindenia tetraphylla in the dark brown pterostigma covering ten cells vs. only five. Otherwise its forewing venation is identical to that of the modern species. The paleoclimatic data fit well with the climatic preferences of extant Lindenia tetraphylla, consistent with the generally warmer climate of that region during that period of time, allowing for more Mediterranean or even subtropical elements of the flora and fauna to persist.

Here we report a new species, Cretodorus lijuanae sp. nov., of extinct Mimarachnidae from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. C. lijuanae sp. nov. was described based on one adult and three nymphal fossils. The new adult specimen exhibits the diagnostic features of Cretodorus and possesses a unique number and arrangement of sensory pits in the pronotum: nine sensory pits on one side, with five sensory pits between median and pronotal carinae and four sensory pits between lateral carina and margin, which is consistent in the nymphs. We also conduct morphometric analyses of forewings of all known species of Cretodorus, demonstrating that morphometrics are effectively discriminative for identifying Cretodorus fossils featuring few longitudinal veins and minimal differences in venation. Additionally, we report the nymphal fossils of Mimarachnidae for the first time. Three nymphal fossils, preserved in the same piece of amber alongside the adult specimen, exhibit the same nodule pattern on the thoracic notum in dorsal view, suggesting a feature linking adult and nymph of Mimarachnidae. These new specimens show morphological characteristics of the different developmental stages of C. lijuanae sp. nov., increasing the diversity of the Mimarachnidae in mid-Cretaceous amber from Myanmar. The preservation of three nymphs of the same age with an adult in the same piece of amber likely indicates aggregation behaviour in Mimarachnidae.

Stylocentrus pouilloni n. sp., the second species from the mid-Miocene Dominican amber, is described. This new occurrence is important as it enriches the incomplete fossil record of Membracidae, a morphologically highly diversified family among Cicadomorpha, and corroborates the hypothesis of an early divergence of Stegaspidinae within Membracidae. La seconde espece de membracide de l'ambre de Saint-Domingue (Hemiptera : Membracidae). Nous decrivons Stylocentrus pouilloni n. sp., de l'ambre du Miocene moyen de Saint-Domingue. Il s'agit de la deuxieme espece fossile de ce genre. Cette nouvelle occurrence est importante car elle enrichit le registre fossile incomplet des Membracidae, une famille morphologiquement tres diversifiee parmi les Cicadomorpha, et corrobore l'hypothese d'une divergence precoce des Stegaspidinae au sein des Membracidae.

A new genus and species of the extinct hemipteran family Hylicellidae, Sinohylicella sigmoidea gen. et sp. nov., is described and illustrated on the basis of a forewing specimen from the Middle-Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation of Shaanxi, northern China. The new fossil exhibits strongly curved CuA and PCu veins, peculiar characters adding to the morphological disparity of Triassic Cicadomorpha. The diagnoses of the Hylicelloidea, and its component families Hylicellidae, Mesojabloniidae, and Chiliocyclidae, are discussed.

Two paleopteran and four polyneopteran insects are described from the Moscovian, Pennsylvanian, of coal slag heaps of Avion and Bruay-la-Bussi & egrave;re, Pas-de-Calais, Northern France, namely the spilapterid paleodictyopteran Spilaptera sp., Megasecoptera indet., a new caloneurodean Fusiogramma minuta gen. et sp. nov., an Archaeorthoptera indet., a new paoliid Avionpaolia amansfossilia gen. et sp. nov., and a Paoliida gen. et sp. indet. These new taxa confirm the important paleodiversity of the late Carboniferous insect assemblage from this area. Small insects are especially diverse and abundant in materials from Avion. Unfortunately, these coal slag heaps are now closed. We postulate that more efficient policy of field research should be applied to save the important insect assemblages of the area.

The leuctrid stonefly Perlomyia cantalensis sp. nov. and the berothid lacewing Isoscelipteron bertrandi sp. nov. are described from the Upper Miocene (ca. 5.60 ± 0.3 Ma) Konservat-Laggerstätte of Sainte-Reine (Cantal, France). They represent the first fossil representatives of their respective genera. Perlomyia Banks, 1906 is currently distributed in the Eastern Palearctic and the Western Nearctic coasts and islands. All extant Perlomyia spp. are known to live in streams, rivers and creeks, suggesting the presence of rivers connected to the maar paleolake of Sainte-Reine. The genus Perlomyia was much more widely distributed during the Miocene than today and probably disappeared in Europe due to the Quaternary glaciations. The genus Isoscelipteron Costa, 1863 is currently distributed in the Nearctic, Eastern Palaearctic, Indomalaysia, and Australasia regions, together with two relictual Mediterranean species. These two examples show that the study of the entomofauna from the diatomite outcrops of the Miocene of center of France helps to calibrate the history and origin of modern Palearctic insects.

Myanmarvelia pankowskiorum gen. et sp. nov., is the first occurrence of the aquatic bug family Mesoveliidae in the mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber. This new taxon is described and illustrated based on a well-preserved female specimen. Although numerous morphological characters confirm its placement in the Mesoveliidae its position within the family is unclear. The presence of claws inserted pre-apically and head extended in front of eyes would suggest a placement in the Mesoveliinae but we consider it putative. The fossil record of this family is very poor, ranging between the late Jurassic and the Miocene.