Due to its inherent geographical potential for wind/solar power and other renewable energy sources (RES) generation, Tamil Nadu is one of the pioneering Indian states in the early development and utilisation of RES. Tamil Nadu accounts for roughly 25% of India's total wind energy capacity. Increased penetration of RES in a power system indicates that RESs have replaced traditional power plants that have historically managed and stabilised the power system, resulting in novel power flow situations. Grid stability must be enhanced in light of the integration of large-scale RES into the grid. The purpose of this research is to analyse and evaluate the impact of large-scale integration of RES by examining mitigating methods from the most recent academic articles and technical reports in this field. This will aid in identifying the key risks affecting the network's stability margin as a result of the widespread integration of RES generation, allowing for a reasonable increase in the network's stability margin. The study's findings will also help to guide the selection of appropriate mitigation strategies. As the stability margin improves, the future fraction of RES additions to the Tamil Nadu extra high voltage (EHV) grid will be increased significantly.

Smart grid is a recent trend and growing technology to control modern electric power systems which is a more reliable, secure and protective, and advanced electricity supply network. Nonlinear power converters were shown to be incapable of preserving power quality in the manner expected. The breakthroughs in power electronics technology have made it possible for me to conduct my research. All power electronic technologies, including High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission, Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), and power quality technologies, are based on the concepts of power electronics. It is already possible to reduce switching current tensions by the application of electronic technology in modular multi-level converters(MMC), which are currently being employed in switching current topologies. The results of our research can be used to improve and optimise grid stability as well as power quality concerns, thus minimising the demand for specialised power electronics technology.

Advancement of energy exploitation increased the demand for various alternative generation methods and efficient production and utilization systems. Such kind of alternative energy systems would be of great use in certain terrains like dry lands wherein drought is prevalent and scope for solar photovoltaic (PV) installations is cost-effective and a viable solution for power demand. Ramanathapuram is one such dry land in southern part of India which is a drought prone coastal district, which has surplus wind and solar energy to be harnessed effectively. However as PV systems are affected by various conditions like position of the sun, change in temperature, and irradiance due to passing clouds, improving the intermittency of solar power is mandatory which calls for an energy storage system, which is an electric vehicle in this article. The foremost idea behind this article is to develop a self-sustained hybrid microgrid incorporating an electric vehicle in combination with the solar power system which enhances the performance of the system by absorbing the variations in power produced. In this work, the real field data from National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE) is used to show the variation in temperature and irradiance. The main objective of the article is sustainable development of the dry land through natural resources which helps in the development of a permanent solution for the existing power crisis in the district. A coordinated control of a PV, Wind, and EV based microgrid is designed by considering the state-of-charge (SOC) of the battery to obtain desired outcome. The modeling is done in PSCAD/EMTDC and the results are verified through simulation.

The Occurrences of blackout has emphasized the Engineers to enhance the protection schemes. The faulted areas are isolated and therefore the remainder of the areas are protected. During the faulted conditions like Congestion, Over/Under Voltage, Over/Under current, Over/Under Frequency etc, the dimensions and complexity of the facility grid makes the system vulnerable. In this paper Wide area protection scheme is applied to a 400kv Network. For detection and to initiate remedial actions, SCADA alongside Phasor Measurement Unit is applied for Wide Area Protection for robustness of the facility Grid.

The Central Electricity Regulatory Commission, India has guided that every Coal/lignite-based thermal generating units with more than 200 MW capacity should adopt restricted governor mode of operation (RGMO) for effective compensation of sudden frequency changes in the power grid. Presently, restricted governor mode of operation algorithm, developed by various boiler turbine generator suppliers, is used to meet the expectations of CERC. In this paper, it is discussed about an optimized algorithm for the effective implementation of RGMO for enhanced power system stability of large turbo generators of 600 MW or more capacity, fitted with electronic governors.

Rigorous enforcement of emission norms requires a control over cold/cool start emissions on a presentday automobile with catalytic converter. After the car warms up, these converters are really capable in controlling HC and CO emissions. The catalyst isn't efficient during warm-up or cool start period because of its low operating temperature. Emission reduction is actually possible by heating the catalyst and changing the substrate of the catalyst used in car. In this work, with the help of band type resistance heaters are used to heat the metal oxide catalyst placed in Resistance Heated Catalytic Converter (RHCC) which will help the conventional converter. It is attempted to study the emission from multi-cylinder SI automotive engine, by developing better catalysts. Form the experimental investigation, it's observed that RHCC with copper oxide catalyst when utilized with the conventional catalytic converter (CCC), the CO and HC emissions are significantly reduced. It can be seen that in twelve seconds after cool start the value of CO% by volume is 4.3 and significant reduction of 0.7% of CO at 180 s is observed for RHCC-PC configuration with 90 lpm air supply for duration of forty seconds. It can be seen that in 120 s after cool start the value of HC in ppm is 315 in contrast with baseline readings. The maximum reduction is actually achieved when the RHCC with copper oxide catalyst and 90 lpm of air supply for forty seconds duration from the cool start of the engine. (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Conference on Mechanical, Electronics and Computer Engineering 2020: Materials Science.

This paper aims to analyze and investigate the influence of RES on 400kV transmission system in Tamil Nadu state which has the highest amount of Wind/Solar generation installed in India and huge addition of other RES, has been considered to study the impacts of increasing Renewable Energy Resources on proposed TN - Green Energy Corridors with regards to stability of the system and to suggest the improvements required to enhance the of the Corridor. Quantification of maximum power transferred from remote areas where renewable sources are pre dominant to Load centers through Green Energy Corridors also observed. Increasing Renewable Energy penetration in a power system means that RERs substitute the conventional power plants that traditionally control and stabilize the power system. Further, this project also covers the importance of Dedicated Transmission Corridors to facilitate large scale integration of renewable into the grid and identify the possibilities to evacuate the RES generation to the Load centres which ensures maximum RES usage and reduction in RES curtailment. Renewable Energy Management Centre (REMC) equipped with advanced Forecasting Tools, Smart Dispatching solutions & Real Time Monitoring of RE generation, can closely coordinate with the Grid Operations team for safe, secure and optimal operations of the overall grid.

This paper aims at achieving economical and secure commitment of conventional thermal power generating units in a power system integrated with renewable energy sources (RES) by harnessing the renewable energy generation potential to its maximum. The data forecasting tool of renewable energy management center (REMC) is used for closer prediction of RES availability which helps to achieve much improved unit commitment (UC) solution of conventional thermal units apart from intermittent nature of power output obtained from RES. Large-scale penetration of RES is achieved with the advancement in technology supports better optimization of economical dispatch and reduces the thermal plant running hours. This supports considerable reduction in fossil fuel requirements, carbon foot print, and green house emission, and causes lesser impact on global warming, climate change, and improves quality of atmospheric air. This paper analyzes present need of REMCs to integrate large-scale renewable into the grid and to reduce the RES curtailment due to poor prediction of RES availability.

In today’s scenario, the Sustainable Manufacturing has become vital due to the increase in expense of conventional resources. The awareness on the pollution causing factors to have risen under societal pressure which emphasize on recycling the waste thereby reducing the pollution. Therefore, power generation using sustainable technology has gained momentum all over the world and in a developing nation like India which is also blessed with sunlight throughout the year, this sustainable power generation has taken its place and a proper control strategy to operate the system effectively is needed. In this paper investigation is done on a three-phase utility interfaced Microgrid system by applying Optimum Filtering Theory Control. The Microgrid is incorporated with the manageable Battery Energy Storage (BES) and Photovoltaic (PV) cluster at DC transport of voltage source converter (VSC) to save capacity efficiently for the nearby loads and conveyance coordinated with improved power quality ability. At present Lithium Ion BES is utilized to improve the security and dependability of PV-BES microgrid framework. The Li-Ion BES isn't just gainful on every day vitality sparing however it is likewise estimated to outfit smoothing offices to the PV-BES microgrid framework. The optimum filtering theory based control is used to control the PV-BES microgrid system in current control mode. The dynamic operation of PV-BES Microgrid system is improved by incorporating the PV Feed Forward (PVFF) in current control for active power injection in the Utility. PV-BES Microgrid Network performance is tested and validated.

Power Sector is the back bone of the economy of a nation. In the day to day scenario power plays a vital role and it is the basic amenity of any sector. The power supply should be of good quality, highly reliable, cheap etc. Modern Power System is close to the stability operation, as the Distributed Generations have increased widely, and the Power Network has been extended by laying newer Transmission Lines etc., which has eventually led to the complexity in the operation and control of the Power Network. The lack of monitoring and appropriate control may lead to catastrophic failure of the network known as blackout. It occurs due to a series of outage in the system. The trend in the power network sees advanced longer paths to meet the existing demand and one such trend is the WAMPAC systems. The congestion and complexity in the network have pushed the grid to enhance for proper monitoring and control by Wide Area Monitoring Protection and Control (WAMPAC), an enabler of the Smart Grid which is a bidirectional network that can heal itself in case of any failure.

In the modern Power Network, the Generators connected are prone to small and large disturbances. The AC generator adjusts itself to the small disturbances and maintains its synchronism. The Power System Stabilizer is a special feature provided in the Digital Automatic Voltage Regulator (DAVR) of a Generator Excitation Control system, which plays a vital role in enhancing the damping of low frequency oscillations. The Central Electricity Authority mandates technical standards for connectivity of the grid that every generating unit above 100 MW shall have PSS. The Indian Electricity Grid Code (IEGC) also mandates that PSS in DAVR of Generating owner shall carryout tuning of PSS from time to time and Central Transmission Utility (CTU) and Regional Power Committee (RPC) will be carry out checking the PSS and further tuning, wherever considered necessary. Tuning of PSS is mandatory in accordance with IEGC & CEA amendment regulation 2013. This paper deals with optimum tuning of PSS for enhancement of small signal stability and confirms it by Modeling and simulation by using MATLAB Simulink.

In this research work, the main focus is to develop an intelligent control system based grid integration of hybrid PV-Wind power system along with an electric vehicle which is represented as a battery. The mathematical model of PV-wind system has been developed and simulated in MATLAB environment then their performance is analyzed under various working conditions. The MPPT controller for PV system has been designed using fuzzy logic and the simulation results are analyzed under different climatic conditions. This work deals with the grid integration of hybrid PV - wind along with an intelligent controller based battery management system [BMS] has been developed and the system performance is studied under normal operating conditions. The same system has been simulated with UPFC and analyzed under different fault conditions. Finally the proposed system is simulated and with the IEEE 1547 standard to prove the system effectiveness and the obtained results is promising.

In this paper, Fuzzy common sense Controller (FLC) is proposed to triumph over the troubles of the prevailing UPFC controllers and to offer the dynamic electricity go with the flow manage thru transmission strains. even though more researches had been that specialize in growing UPFC manipulate techniques for power float manipulate through simulation, there is a failure of experimental validation of various UPFC controllers and its overall performance in real time operation. in order to research the overall performance of the proposed FLC primarily based UPFC, a laboratory prototype has been developed the use of 6-pulse converters. The shunt and series controller for each PI and FLC based UPFC prototype are designed in MATLAB/SIMULINK the usage of Speedgoat overall performance actual time goal device. The UPFC prototype is 1 International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 120 No. 6 2018, 11459-11469 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/ Special Issue http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/

Novel soft-switching, bridgeless power factor correction (PFC) boost converter is proposed for power supply and battery charging applications. And its converter operates in both pulse-width-modulation (PWM) mode and resonant mode each switching cycle, and utilizes paradigm average current mode control. The converter is bridgeless, so eliminating the need for a front-end diode bridge rectifier. It operates in continuous conduction mode (CCM) and achieves zero voltage switching (ZVS) for all switches. The proposed converter also reduces the turn-off losses of the PWM switches, therefore nearly eliminating switching losses. The PWM switches of the proposed converter can be driven with the same PWM signal, enabling simplified control.

A single-segment transformer-less unified energy best conditioner (TL-UPQC) is provided. apart from having no isolation transformer, the proposed structure makes use of 4 switching devices handiest, forming two half of-bridge voltage-source inverters one related in parallel with the load and some other one related in series with the AC mains. the two inverters share the identical DC link. The parallel inverter, which is managed by using a hysteresis contemporary controller, is used to shape the contemporary drawn from the AC mains and alter the DC-hyperlink voltage. The series inverter, which is controlled via a boundary controller with 2d-order switching surface, is used to regulate the regular-state load voltage and provide voltage sag / swell experience-thru. A DC-hyperlink capacitor voltage balancing manipulate that coordinates the operations of the 1 International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 120 No. 6 2018, 11409-11416 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/ Special Issue http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/

Now a days, most of the Country around the globe have implemented and harnessed the essence of Solar Power. The Solar Energy is an important non-conventional source of energy which is available abundantly in country like India. The Power from the Sun which reaches the earth is nearly 1.8 x 10(11) MW which is more than the present Power consumption of the whole world. In this paper the PV cells are studied in detail with various arrangements such as Single, Series, Parallel with an experiment setup and the test results are validated.

Coal mine accidents have been found and reduced by the government. The system is having Raspberry Pi microcontroller for detecting coal mine hazardous gases by using temperature and gas sensors. The information is transferred by using wi-fi. The disaster is happening due to the environment. The different environmental effects that are affecting is methane, carbon monoxide, temperature and oxygen the information transferred by the cable. The gases in the mine that causes the accident like fire due to this information transferred got affected because it is done using cable. So that we cant predict the alarm properly. Wi-fi is wireless communication technology by using it we can transfer the data properly without any distraction. In underground mining the power transfer taking many safety actions to avoid the unwanted accident in the coal mine. So, the data transfer is done by the wireless technology. Because of this system the manual checking will get reduced and human life will get saved. 1 International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 118 No. 24 2018 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/ Special Issue http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/

The superconducting magnetic energy storage system (SMES) has been emulate by a high-current inductor to examine a system employing both SMES and battery energy storage experimentally. which involves of a series-connected three phase voltage source inverter used to regulate ac voltage, and bidirectional dc/dc converters used to control energy storage system charge and discharge. DC bus level signaling and voltage droop control have been used to routinely control power from the magnetic energy storage system through short-duration, high-power voltage sags, although the battery is used to provide power during longer term, low-power below voltages. Energy storage system hybridization is shown to be advantageous by reducing bat1 International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 120 No. 6 2018, 11417-11427 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/ Special Issue http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/

ECG electrodes to reduce power consumption and providing the good signal quality. This system based on the communication and computing techniques. This telemedicine system maximum used for wet electrodes. The wet electrodes require skin preparation and conduction gel that can be inconvenient and uncomfortable for users. In order to overcome this problem, a new non-contact electrode circuit were proposed and applied in developing a mobile electrocardiogram monitoring system. The introduced non-contact electrode can measure bio-potentials across thin clothing and allowing normal clothe for users to monitor ECG in daily life. These non-contact electrodes provide the good signal quality for measuring ECG across thin clothes.