The incidence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has recently increased. Although PTC usually has a good prognosis, patients with advanced or localized metastases experience a high rate of recurrence. Although many studies have investigated PTC recurrence, a correlation between PTC location and recurrence remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to determine whether the location of PTC affects recurrence.Data were obtained from a single thyroid surgery center with > 6000 surgical cases per year. Between 2009 and 2022, 17,995 were enrolled in this study after screening. The location of the cancerous lesions was determined from ultrasound and pathology reports as well as the division of the lateral thyroid lobes into coronal and sagittal perspectives. The coronal plane was equally divided into upper, middle, and lower parts, and the sagittal plane was equally divided into anterior and dorsal aspects. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze recurrence and risk factors. This study concluded that the upper part of the coronal plane and the dorsal part of the sagittal plane were most strongly associated with recurrence. Multifactorial analysis showed that lymph node metastatic status, multifocality, and superior and dorsal location of the tumor were significantly associated with PTC recurrence.

Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alkylating agent recommended as the first-line pharmaceutical for glioblastoma (GBM), but its efficacy is limited by the development of acquired resistance in GBM cells. TMZ resistance is regulated by multiple factors such as MGMT upregulation and metabolism reprogramming, its underlying mechanism still remains elusive. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is a transcription factor regulating the metabolism of lipid and glucose, while histone 3 lactylation at lysine on position 18 (H3K18la) could promote cancer cells’ resistance to therapeutic drugs. In this study we investigated the role of PPARα in regulating H3K18la and TMZ sensitivity in glioblastoma (GBM) cells. We established TMZ-resistant U87TR, U251TR, and U118TR cells by treating the parental U87, U251, and U118 cells with increased dosages of TMZ until the cells could resist TMZ (200 μM). We found that in TMZ-resistant cells, H3K18la level was apparently upregulated accompanied by increased ECAR (extracellular acidification rate) and intracellular lactate levels, whereas lactate (20 mM) time-dependently upregulated H3K18la in U87 and U251 cells. We found that PPARα was activated by TMZ in U87, U251, and U118 cells, but was inactivated when the cells became resistant to TMZ. In TMZ-sensitive glioma cells, TMZ triggered PPARα activation by causing DNA DSBs-dependent p38 MAPK activation. The activated PPARα upregulated its downstream signal ACOX1, which not only inhibited lactate-mediated H3K18 lactylation by promoting ROS-dependent PKM2 downregulation, but also reversely enhanced PPARα activation through ROS-activated ASK1/p38 MAPK pathway. In GBM cells resistant to TMZ, PPARα and p38 MAPK were both inactivated, but H3K18 lactylation was obviously upregulated. Targeting activation of PPARα with gemfibrozil or GW7647 not only sensitized GBM cells to TMZ but also effectively reversed the acquired resistance of GBM cells to TMZ by suppression of H3K18 lactylation through upregulation of ACOX1. Taken together, PPARα contributed to TMZ-induced growth arrest in GBM cells by inhibiting lactate-mediated H3K18 lactylation, targeting activation of PPARα may be a new strategy to improve the treatment effect of TMZ against GBM.

The early diagnosis of cancer is vital for effective treatment and improved prognosis. Tumor biomarkers, which can be used for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of cancer, have emerged as a topic of intense research interest in recent years. Nucleic acid, as a type of tumor biomarker, contains vital genetic information, which is of great significance for the occurrence and development of cancer. Currently, living cell nucleic acid probes, which enable the in situ imaging and dynamic monitoring of nucleic acids, have become a rapidly developing field. This review focuses on living cell nucleic acid probes that can be used for the early diagnosis of tumors. We describe the fundamental design of the probe in terms of three units and focus on the roles of different nanomaterials in probe delivery.

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether no drainage has an advantage over routine drainage in patients with thyroid carcinoma after unilateral thyroid lobectomy and central neck dissection.MethodsA total of 104 patients with thyroid cancer who underwent unilateral thyroid lobectomy and central lymph node dissection were randomly assigned into no drainage tube (n=52) and routine drainage tube (n=52) placement groups. General information of each patient was recorded, including the postoperative drainage volume/residual cavity fluid volume, postoperative complications, incision area comfort, and other data, and the thyroid cancer-specific quality of life questionnaire (THYCA-QoL) and patient and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS) were evaluated after surgery. At the 3–6 month follow-up exam, the differences between the two groups were compared based on univariate analysis.ResultsSignificant differences were not observed in the general and pathological information (including sex, age, body weight, body mass index (BMI), incision length, specimen volume, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and number of lymph nodes dissected), operation time, and postoperative complications (postoperative bleeding, incision infection, lymphatic leakage, and temporary hypoparathyroidism) between the two groups. The patients in the non-drainage group had a shorter hospital stay (2.11 ± 0.33 d) than the patients in the drainage group (3.38 ± 0.90 d) (P<0.001). The amount of cervical effusion in patients in the non-drainage group (postoperative 24h: 2.20 ± 1.24 ml/48 h: 1.53 ± 1.07 ml) was significantly less than that in the drainage group (postoperative 24 hours: 22.58 ± 5.81 ml/48 h: 36.15 ± 7.61 ml) (all P<0.001). The proportion of incision exudation and incision numbness in the non-drainage group was lower than that in the drainage group (all P<0.05), and the pain score (VAS) and neck foreign body sensation score (FBST) decreased significantly (P<0.05). During the 3- and 6-month follow-up exams, significant differences were not observed between the THYCA-QoL and drainage groups and the non-drainage group, although the scarring and POSAS values were lower than those in the drainage group. In addition, the length of stay and cost of hospitalization in the non-drainage group were lower than those in the drainage group (P<0.05).ConclusionRoutine drainage tube insertion is not needed in patients with unilateral thyroid lobectomy and central neck dissection.

Papillary carcinomas account for the largest proportion of thyroid cancers, with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) being prone to early lymph node metastasis. Some studies have confirmed that LPAR5 can promote the progression of PTC, but immune-related analyses of LPAR5 and PTC have not been widely discussed. This study aimed to determine the role of LPAR5 in PTC prognosis and immunity. We will further explore the role of LPAR5 in 33 different tumor types. Regarding PTC, we analyzed the effect of LPAR5 expression on overall survival (OS). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. Immune-related analyses of immune checkpoints (ICPs) and immune cell infiltration were also performed. For pan-cancer, R packages were used to analyze prognosis, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and immune cell infiltration. Analysis of tumor microenvironment (TME) and ICPs was performed using Sangerbox ( http://vip.sangerbox.com/home.html ). The TISIDB database ( http://cis.hku.hk/TISIDB/index.php ) was used to identify immune and molecular subtypes. LPAR5 expression is associated with PTC prognosis and immunity as well as various human tumors. LPAR5 may be a potential biomarker for multiple malignancies and may provide a new target for cancer immunotherapy.

传统的外科学教学模式已无法满足当代医学生临床思维培养的要求,在"互联网+"时代与疫情背景下,线上教学模式被广泛关注.本文拟设计依托于网络平台的外科学课程的优质线上教学模式,以学生为中心,分三阶段进行进阶式教学.课堂外学生自主学习专业知识,课堂内着重培养学生知识应用能力,这不仅可以锻炼学生的自主学习能力,提高学生在课堂中的积极性与主动性,还可以培养其临床思维能力,促进知识内化,为临床实践和培养优质医生打下基础.

Long non-coding RNA AK001796 was initially identified altered in lung cancer. Recent research showed it could participate in the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the general biological role of AK001796 and its underlying mechanisms in HCC remain unclear. Here we demonstrated that the expression level of AK001796 in HCC tissues and cell lines was up-regulated. Silencing AK001796 suppressed the proliferation ability of HCC cells. Through dual luciferase reporter assays and loss/gain of functions studies, we identified that AK001796 could bind to miR-150, a star microRNA, promoting HCC proliferation. Furthermore, it was reported that growth factor receptor binding protein 2-associated binder 1 (GAB1) is a target gene of miR-150. Owing to AK001796 being a decoy for miR-150 and binding the same putative sites of miR-150 as GAB1, we presented that inhibition of miR-150 in AK001796 silencing cells reversed the reduction in GAB1. Subsequently, our findings demonstrated that silencing AK001796 can impair phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-AKT. In conclusion, our investigation revealed that AK001796 promoted proliferation by enhancing phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-AKT through AK001796/miR-150/GAB1 axis in HCC. These results provided further evidence for the critical roles of AK001796 accumulating HCC and suggested that AK001796 might act as an HCC biomarker in clinical treatment.

Background Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is a lethal malignancy with extremely poor prognosis. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of SNHG1 in HCC progression. Methods Combined with bioinformatics and experimental validation, we explored the clinical significance of SNHG1 in HCC. A Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, cell colony formation assay, and subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiments of nude mice were conducted to evaluate the pro-proliferative capacity of SNHG1. Glucose consumption and lactate production were measured to explore the regulatory role of SNHG1 in glycolysis. Nuclear-cytoplasmic separation, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were performed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of SNHG1 in HCC. Results SNHG1 expression was dramatically increased in HCC and positively correlated with poor prognosis. E2F1 bound to the SNHG1 promoter region to activate SNHG1 transcription. Furthermore, SNHG1 served as a molecular sponge for miR-326 to sequester the interaction of miR-326 and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), facilitating the expression of PKM2. Activating PKM2 expression was revealed to be one of mechanisms of SNHG1 with respect to promoting glycolysis and the proliferation of HCC cells. Conclusions E2F1-activated SNHG1 modulates the miR-326/PKM2 axis to facilitate glycolysis and the proliferation of HCC cells. Targeting SNHG1 could be a promising therapeutic option for HCC.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) and tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT) are common and complicated clinical endocrine diseases. The parathyroid glands maintain endocrine homeostasis by secreting parathyroid hormone to regulate blood calcium levels. However, structural alterations to multiple organs and systems occur throughout the body due to hyperactivity disorder in SHPT and THPT. This not only decreases the patients' quality of life, but also affects mortality. Since current treatments for these diseases remains unclear, we aimed to develop a comprehensive review of advances in the treatment of SHPT and THPT according to the latest relevant researches.

传统的外科实习体系并不能满足医学教育对学生临床思维培养的要求,创立新的外科实习体系势在必行.结合当今"互联网+"的发展形势,在原有外科实习体系的基础上,改革以病例为中心考核为基础,结合多学科诊疗模式的外科实习新体系进行教学和实习,并应用于外科实践考核中.老年人由于机体各器官功能衰退,容易合并各种基础疾病,故其病情具有复杂化、多样化的特点,诊疗过程更需要多学科的参与.此教学模式的建立,更有助于同学们针对日益增多的老年患者群体的外科实践,在传统医学以疾病为中心的教学方式基础上,加入对临床思维的培养和锻炼,不但可以调动学生学习的积极性,还可以客观地考评医学生基本临床技能,而且将更能行之有效地去考察医学生整体临床思维及分析解决实际临床问题的能力及素养.

医学微生物学是医学留学生的一门必修课,随着越来越多的留学生来华接受教育,现有的教学模式已经不能满足日益增长的教学需求,针对医学留学生的自身特殊性,结合多年医学微生物学全英文教学经验,归纳了一些教学心得、体会,探讨了优化该课程全英教学的方法,为留学生医学微生物学教学提供借鉴和参考.

习总书记在全国高校思想政治工作会议上提出了实现全员育人、全程育人、全方位育人的要求.教育部全面启动"三全育人"综合改革,高校紧密围绕立德树人根本任务,开始为本科生配备了班主任,但是如何发挥好这支队伍在育人方面的重要作用,这就迫切的需要加强理论创新和实践探索,构建具有可操作、可持续、示范性的本科生班主任工作体系,不断提升人才培养的针对性和实效性,切实肩负起"为党育才、为国育人"的初心和使命,培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人.