Giriş: Hekimlerde toplumsal cinsiyet farkındalığı olmasının sağlıkta eşitliği sağlayacak önemli bir unsur olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hekim adaylarının toplumsal cinsiyet algısını ve cinsiyet rollerine karşı tutumlarını ortaya koyabilmekti. Metod: Bu kesitsel araştırmada veri toplamak için tıp fakültesi son sınıf öğrencilerine sosyodemografik bilgiler, Toplumsal Cinsiyet Algısı Ölçeği (TCAÖ) ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeği’nden (TCRTÖ) oluşan anket formu doldurtuldu. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 232 öğrencinin yaş ortalamaları 24,2±1,5 (22-34) yıl olup bu öğrencilerin %48,3'ü (n=87) erkek, %79,4'ü (n=143) bekar, %71,7'si (n=129) il merkezinde doğmuş ve %90,6'sı (n=163) çekirdek ailede yetişmişti. Tıp fakültesini seçme açısından ekonomik ve maddi nedenler erkek cinsiyette, duygusal ve çevresel nedenler kadın cinsiyette daha önemli bulundu (p=0,027). Tüm çalışma grubunun TCAÖ puanı 92,1±17,9; TCRTÖ puanı ise 107,3±10,1 puan olarak hesaplanmıştır. Annesi çalışmakta olan katılımcıların TCAÖ puanları, anneleri çalışmayanlardan anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p=0,005). Tıp fakültesini maddi nedenlerle seçenlerin TCRTÖ puanı (110,4±10,9) duygusal bir nedenle tercih yapmış olanların puanından (105,8±9,4) anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p=0,001). TCAÖ puanı ve TCRTÖ toplam ve alt grupları puanları arasında geleneksel cinsiyet rolü ile erkek cinsiyet rolü arasında pozitif yönde çok güçlü derecede bir korelasyon saptanırken (r=0,546, p<0,001), kadın cinsiyet rolü arasında pozitif yönde orta derecede bir korelasyon saptandı (r=0,259, p<0,001). Doğrusal regresyon analizi ile toplam TCAÖ’ deki yüksekliğin %68,9’u geleneksel cinsiyet rolüne atfedilmektedir (R2=0,689). TCRTÖ puanı ile geleneksel cinsiyet rolü puanı arasında pozitif yönde çok güçlü derecede bir korelasyon saptandı (r=0,848, p<0,001). Doğrusal regresyon analizi sonucu toplam TCRTÖ’deki yüksekliğin %72,0’ı geleneksel cinsiyet rolüne atfedilmektedir (R2=0,720) Sonuç: Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinin kültürün ve çevrenin etkilerini taşıması ve eğitimin etkisi ile değişebilme şanslarının olması bu çalışmayı önemli kılmaktadır.

Objectives This study aims to investigate the effect of smoking on the metabolism of kynurenine and thus contribute to the elucidation of the potential mechanism of cigarette smoking. Methods The study included 82 smokers and 63 nonsmokers who applied to the Family Medicine Polyclinic for routine check-ups. Sociodemographic data, routine laboratory results, Framingham risk scores (FRS), and Fagerstr & ouml;m Nicotine Dependence Test (FTND) were recorded. Serum tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, and quinolinic acid concentrations were measured with tandem mass spectrometry. Results Serum tryptophan levels (p=0.040) were statistically significantly lower in smokers, and the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio and serum kynurenine, kynurenic acid, quinolinic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid levels were higher (p<0.001). The correlation analysis in the smoker group showed a positive correlation between serum kynurenic acid levels and FTDN. The serum kynurenine levels were positively correlated with the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and FRS. There was a positive correlation between serum quinolinic acid levels and participants' systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Conclusions Our findings showed that tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway was induced in smokers.

Aim: Quitting smoking will prevent health problems that can be caused by smoking. This study aimed to evaluate the factors that influence the success of quitting smoking and the process of quitting smoking. Materials and Methods: In the presented study, 1812 patients applied to the smoking cessation outpatient clinic between January 2017 and December 2019. This study was completed with 957 patients. All participants were included in the motivational and pharmacological treatment program. Patient records were reviewed retrospectively. Between February 2020 and August 2020, patients' registered telephone numbers were called to ask about their current smoking status and the factors influencing it. Results: It was found that 26.4% (n=253) of the participants quit smoking, 18.6% (n=178) did not quit, and 55% (n=526) quit and started again. Those who had tried to quit once (p=0.032), those who were unemployed (p<0.001), those who received free treatment, (p=0.007) and those who adhered to the three-month treatment program (p<0.001) were significantly more successful. Those who reported that motivation was the factor that most facilitated the process were significantly more successful (p<0.001). Drinking water was found to be the most effective way to resist the urge to smoke (p<0.001). The most common compelling factor was the urge to smoke, and the most common cause of relapse was stress. Conclusion: Our study found that motivation, adherence to the three-month treatment program, and resisting the urge to smoke with drinking water were the factors that most increased quitting success.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between medical students’ predispositions toward ethical values and moral identity and the sociodemographic factors affecting these predispositions.Methods: The population of this descriptive study consisted of first-year medical faculty students. The participants were administered the sociodemographic information form prepared by the researchers, the Disposition to Ethical Values Scale (EVPS) and the Moral Identity Scale (MIS).Results: The mean age of the 151 medical students who participated in the study was 18.9±0.9 years. There was no statistically significant relationship between the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants and the mean scores of the internalization and symbolization subscales of the MIS (P > .05). The mean score of the justice-honesty subscale (21.4±3.2) of students whose income was less than their expenses was higher than that of those whose income was equal to their expenses (18.1±4.2) and greater than their expenses (20.0±3.6). The mean score of the cooperation subscale (10.9±2.5) of the students whose mother's education level was high school and below was higher than that of the students whose mother was a university graduate (10.1±2.4). A significant positive correlation between the MIS and EVPS was found (r=0.226, P = .005).Conclusions: The levels of ethical sensitivity and moral identity of the medical students in this study were above average. Ethical sensitivity and moral identity were not influenced by sociodemographic variables. Ones who have greater moral identity are also more sensitive to ethics.

Objective: One of the most important factors affecting cardiovascular health is obesity. Trace elements, which play a role in every stage of metabolism, are also related to our cardiovascular health. The aim of this study was to determine serum trace element levels in individuals and to examine the relationship between trace elements and cardiovascular risk. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with individuals who applied to the outpatient clinic between 01.03.2022-31.04.2022. Sociodemographic characteristics, BMI, and Framingham risk score values were recorded. Serum iron, zinc, copper and selenium levels were analyzed in the laboratory. Results: A total of 180 individuals were included in the study. Of the individuals, 33.3% were overweight and 32.8% were obese. The mean Framingham Risk Score (FRS) was 9.31±7.99 (1-37). FRS values of normal weight individuals (7.84±3.05) were lower than the mean FRS values of overweight (8.80±3.39) and obese (13.39 ± 6.24) groups (p

ObjectiveSmoking is a major mental health concern due to its addictive nature and its status as the leading preventable cause of premature death worldwide. This study aimed to examine the levels of alexithymia, anger, anxiety, and depression in smokers compared to nonsmokers.Materials and MethodsThis case-control study involved 176 smokers from a Smoking Cessation Clinic and 175 age- and gender-matched nonsmokers. Participants completed assessments using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Nicotine dependence in smokers was measured using the Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependency Test. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0.FindingsSignificant differences were observed between smokers and nonsmokers in TAS, TAS-1, TAS-2, HADS-A, and HADS-D scores. Smokers exhibited higher levels of alexithymia, anger expression, and anxiety, while nonsmokers demonstrated better anger control. Additionally, addiction levels in smokers were associated with variations in TAS, TAS-1, TAS-2, TAS-3, STAXI scores (SA, AC, AI, AO), and HADS-A, highlighting a complex interplay between addiction, psychological factors, and smoking habits.ResultThis study establishes a link between smoking status, addiction levels, and elevated alexithymia, anger, anxiety, and depression. The findings underscore the psychological impact of smoking, contributing valuable insights for mental health interventions in individuals with smoking habits.

Acupuncture applications and diet are frequently used in obesity treatment. We aimed to investigate the changes in serum leptin and nesfatin-1 levels measured before and after acupuncture and diet in overweight/obese individuals in the presented study. This interventional study was carried out on 90 overweight/obese patients. Participants were divided into three groups: Group 1 (Acupuncture), Group 2 (Diet), and Group 3 (Those who did not take any attempts to lose weight- control group). Serum leptin and nesfatin-1 levels were measured before and after the intervention. The 30th days leptin values were significantly decreased in the acupuncture group (p=0.040) while they were significantly increased in the control group (p=0.039). It was detected that the nesfatin-1 values were significantly increased in both acupuncture (p=0.032) and diet groups (p=0.017). Also, body weights significantly decreased both in acupuncture (p=0.032) and diet groups (p<0.001). Our results support the effects of acupuncture treatment on appetite hormones. Further research on the mechanisms of endogenous and exogenous actions of the recently discovered hormones, leptin and nesfatin-1, are needed.

Aims To examine the differences in the levels of microRNA, ischemic modified albumin (IMA), total oxidant capacity (TOC), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of persons with and without psoriasis and, in the case group, the relationship between these parameters and psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). Methods Blood samples were collected from patients and healthy participants to examine levels of these parameters. Results The mean serum TOC level was higher in the case group. The mean serum TAC and IMA levels were significantly lower in the case group (P <0.001). It was observed that the mean serum miR-203 and miR-146a levels were increased in psoriasis patients. It was determined that there was only a significant positive weak correlation between miR-203 and PASI (r = 0.232, P = 0.027). Limitations The small sample size, not controlling serum albumin and not evaluating the effects of the treatment agents used by the patients on oxidative and inflammatory processes. Conclusion In the case group changes in the mean serum TOC and TAC levels provide evidence that oxidative stress may play a critical role in disease pathogenesis. The increase in the mean serum miR-203 and miR-146a levels suggest the possibility of therapies targeting these microRNAs as a new option.

Background and aims: Smoking causes many diseases such as cardiovascular, lung dis-eases, stroke and premature aging. However, the role of smoking in the pathogenesis of these diseases is unclear. Increasing evidence suggests that methylarginine pathway metabolites and a-klotho may be strong markers for pathologies such as premature aging, endothelial dysfunc-tion, and oxidant damage. Therefore, the study aimed to measure the serum levels of arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), N-monomethyl-L- arginine (L-NMMA), and a-klotho levels in smokers. Methods and results: This case-control analytical study included 65 smokers and 71 non-smokers. Sociodemographic characteristics, routine biochemistry parameters, Framingham risk scores and Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Test (FTND) were recorded. Serum methylarginine and a-klotho levels were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Serum ADMA (p < 0.001), L-NMMA (p Z 0.024), SDMA (p < 0.001) levels of smokers were higher than non-smokers, and serum a-klotho (p < 0.001) and arginine levels (p < 0.001) were lower. There was a positive correlation between serum ADMA levels with FNDT, age and pack/year in smokers, while there was a negative correlation between klotho levels and age. A positive correlation was found between serum ADMA levels, Framingham risk score and age in non-smokers. Conclusion: Smoking is related to premature aging and is a strong risk factor for various diseases such as cardiovascular, inflammatory, and renal diseases. Elevated serum methylarginine and decreased serum klotho levels were found in smokers. Therefore, our findings suggest that smok-ing may be involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases by affecting a-klotho and methylarginine-related pathways. (c) 2023 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Ital-ian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Purpose: Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) remains a worldwide public health problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parents' smoking habits at home and children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke by measuring urinary cotinine levels and urine cotinine/creatinine ratios in children. Materials and Methods: This case-control typed analytical study was conducted with 357 children in the 0-18 age group. The case group consisted of 180 children exposed to environmental cigarette smoke. As the control group, it consisted of 177 healthy children and non-smoking in their family. The levels of cotinine and creatinine in spot urinary were analyzed in both groups. Results: The urinary cotinine level of the children was found to be statistically higher in those whose parents were smokers, female gender, fathers with a low educational level, and those with 3 or fewer rooms in the house. The urinary cotinine/creatinine ratio of the children was found to be statistically higher in those whose parents were smokers (15.91 pg/mg (1.54-147.54) vs 7.90 pg/mg (1.29-68.52)), female gender (13.19 pg/mg (1.79-115.07) vs 10.45 pg/mg (1.29-147.54)). Urinary cotinine levels in the ETS exposed group were affected 1042 times more than in the ETS unexposed group [OR:1042,462, 95% CI (139.821.839-7772.246)]. Conclusion: In the present study, urinary cotinine levels were found to be higher in children exposed to tobacco smoke than in children not exposed to tobacco smoke. In the light of these results, urinary cotinine can be used as a biomarker to evaluate exposure to ETS in children. Educating parents is essential to raising their awareness of exposure to ETS and teaching the right behaviors to protect children's health, especially in the home environment.

Aim: Migraine has a great detrimental effect on the daily life of the patient by making negative effects on socioeconomic functioning and quality of life.In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the symptoms of anxiety, depression and quality of life in patients with and without migraine and to determine the factors affecting them.Material and Methods: This analytical typed case-control study was conducted on 402 people over the age of 18. 201 of whom had migraine and 201 did not have migraine.Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF TR) were used to collect data about patients.Results: In the present study, 90.5% (n=182) of patients with migraine were female, 80.1% were married, 58.2% had secondary school education, 21.9% were smokers.Among the factors that triggered the migraine attack, noise ranked first with a frequency of 78.1% (n=157).Anxiety and depression scores were significantly higher in those with migraine than in those without migraine (p<0.001).Quality of life parameters such as physical health, psychological health, social relations and environmental area scores were significantly higher in those without migraine than in those with migraine (p<0.001).General health and life satisfaction of the individuals without migraine were significantly higher (p<0.001).Discussion: Migraine must be taken seriously since it has a negative impact on patients' lives.Besides medical treatment, patients should be evaluated carefully for their quality of life and psychiatric conditions.As family physicians, we must approach our patients holistically.

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate marital adjustment and quality of life in infertile couples and to determine on which issues they need support. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 222 individuals receiving or planning to receive infertility treatment. Quality of life (QoL) was evaluated with the " Fertility Quality of Life questionnaire (FertiQol)" and marital adjustment was evaluated with the "Marital Adjustment Scale". Results: It was determined that 21.6% (n=48) of the participants were incompatible in marriage, and 78.4% (n=174) were compatible in marriage. Marital adjustment was statistically better in those who were younger (p=0.017), those with a short time of marriage (p=0.004), and those with a short treatment period (p=0.003). A moderately positive and statistically significant correlation was found between the marital adjustment score and the total FertiQol score (r=0.456) (p<0.001). Discussion: It was observed that marital adjustment and quality of life decreased as the years of marriage increased and the duration of treatment extended. QoL was found to be significantly higher in couples with good marital adjustment. Psychological counseling and support should be given to infertile couples receiving treatment, especially women, and the importance of couples' support to each other should be emphasized.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the parental practices towards fever management and rational drug use in mothers with children under the age of five. Materials and Method: This research was planned as a cross-sectional analytical study. The study was conducted on 342 mothers with children under five years of age who applied to family health centers (FHCs). The Parental Fever Management Scale (PFMS-TR) and Rational Drug Use Scale (RDUS) were applied to the participants. Results: The average age of the mothers was 30.8±5.7 years, and 50.6% (n=173) had high school education or above. Of the participants, 89.5% (n=306) stated that they had a thermometer at home and 49.7% (n=170) first sensed that their children had a fever by touching them, while 38% (n=130) understood by their appearance, and 38.3% (n=126) applied to FHCs first for treatment. There was a significant correlation between the mothers' PFMS scores and age, married, planned pregnancy, educational status and place of residence (p<0.05). There was a significant relationship between the RDUS scores age at marriage, age at first birth, employment status, kinship status with spouse, presence of caregivers, educational status, place of residence, family type, and economic situation (p<0.05). Conclusion: Although almost all of the mothers had a thermometer at home, it was noteworthy that only one-tenth detected the fever using a thermometer. It was observed that mothers who have a high school education or above, are employees, marry at an advanced age, and give birth after the age of 22, use the drugs more rationally. As a family physician is mostly the first person to whom parents apply, informing the parents of a febrile child about how they should approach the situation will both relax the family and reduce unnecessary applications to health institutions.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Meram Tıp Fakültesi Aile Hekimliği Polikliniğine başvuran bireylerde sağlık algısı ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu analitik çalışma, polikliniğimize herhangi bir nedenle başvuran 480 katılımcıda yapılmıştır. Veriler sosyodemografik bilgiler, Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği (SAÖ) ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği-II (SYBDÖ-II) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 35,1±10,7 yıl, %53,7’ si kadın, %65,2’si evli, %55,6’sı üniversite mezunu idi. SAÖ toplam puanı evli olmayan katılımcılarda anlamlı olarak daha yüksek idi (p<0,038). Öz farkındalık ve sağlığın önemi alt boyutlarından aldıkları puanlar erkeklerde kadınlara göre daha yüksekti (p=0,006, p=0,037). Kontrol merkezi, kesinlik ve toplam puan ortalama değerleri üniversite eğitimli olan grupta daha yüksekti (p<0.001). Yaş gruplarına göre SYBDÖ-II beslenme alt boyut puan ortalaması 34 yaş ve üzerinde olan katılımcılarda anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0,011). SYBDÖ- II kendini gerçekleştirme alt boyut puan ortalaması erkeklerde anlamlı olarak daha yüksek idi (p=0,027). SYBDÖ-II ortalamalarının 125,6±20,3 puan olduğu ve en yüksek alt boyut puanının kendini gerçekleştirme, en düşük alt boyut puanının ise fiziksel aktivite alanında olduğu saptandı. SAÖ ortalamaları 48,2±6,3 puan olarak bulunmuş, alt boyutlarından ise en düşük puan öz farkındalık, en yüksek puan ise kontrol merkezi alt boyutundan alınmıştır. SYBD puanları kronik hastalığı olan, sürekli ilaç kullanan ve kanser taraması yaptıran grupta anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Kronik hastalık olmaması, sağlık algısını olumlu yönde etkilerken, kronik hastalığı olanlarda SYBD puanları daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Toplumu bu konuda yönlendirecek olan aile hekimlerinin hastalarına SYBD'ları hakkında farkındalığı artırıcı eğitim ve danışmanlık hizmeti vermesi önemlidir.

Amaç: Diş Hekimliği fakültesi öğrencilerinde, klinik çalışmaları sırasında kesici-delici alet kullanımına bağlı yaralanmalara sık rastlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğrencilerde oluşan kesici-delici alet yaralanmalarının prevalansını ve güvenli kesici-delici alet kullanımına ilişkin bilgi düzeylerini ve tutumlarını belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu analitik araştırmaya Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesinde 5 farklı sınıf düzeyinde öğrenim gören 296 öğrenci dahil edildi. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilere sosyodemografik bilgi formu ve Sağlık Çalışanlarının Kesici-Delici Tıbbi Aletleri Güvenli Kullanımına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği uygulandı. Elde edilen veriler değerlendirilirken tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve kategorik yapıdaki veriler ile ölçek puanı ilişkisi için Mann Whitney U ve Kruskall wallis testi uygulandı. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalamaları 20,44±1,46 yıl olup, %68,2’si (n=202) kadın cinsiyette ve %50,7’si (n=150) İç Anadolu bölgesinden gelmekteydi. Katılımcıların %35,1’i (n=105) kesici-delici aletlerle yaralanmıştı. Yaralanan öğrencilerin %59,6’sı (n=57) 21 yaş ve üstünde ve yaralanmaların %78,9’u (n=76) üçüncü sınıfta meydana gelmişti. Öğrencilerin %23,2’si (n=68) daha önce güvenli kesici-delici alet kullanımına yönelik eğitim aldıklarını belirttiler. Güvenli Kesici-Delici Alet Kullanım Ölçeği (GKDAKÖ) puanı ortalaması 105,22±13,89 puan olarak bulundu. Kadın cinsiyetteki öğrencilerin ölçek toplam puan ortalamaları diğerlerine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksekti (p

OBJECTIVE: Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory disease that appears with variable trigger factors. We know that obesity and other metabolic syndrome criteria are high in psoriasis patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between visceral fat markers, risk of cardiometabolic disease, and psoriasis area severity index (PASI) in individuals with and without psoriasis. METHODS: A total of 203 subjects, 102 psoriasis patients and 101 healthy individuals, were included in the study. Lipid accumulation product (LAP) index, visceral adiposity index (VAI), plasma atherogenicity index (PAI), body mass index (BMI), PASI, triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) values were measured. RESULTS: LAP index, VAI, PAI, BMI, and TG levels were significantly high (p<0.001) and HDL-c levels were significantly low (p=0.009) in patients with psoriasis compared to healthy individuals. CONCLUSION: LAP index, VAI, and PAI calculations can be recommended as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of cardiometabolic diseases common in patients with psoriasis.

Various reasons leading to a child's being less active, decreased sports events and increased immobile activities can lead to a positive energy balance in children with similar nutrition.Activities with less physical demand such as watching TV, playing video games, and using the computer are closely Aims: Childhood obesity has been defined as a very serious public health issue.It was aimed to investigate the relationship between computer game addiction and obesity in 3 rd and 4 th grade elementary school students. Methods:In this cross-sectional study, two separate questionnaires including demographic characteristics, physical activity, nutrition and computer game habits were applied to students and their parents.The students were also asked to fill the Computer Game Addiction Scale.Results: This study included 491 children and parents.Above the half (51.5%) were female and 69% were at normal weight.The body mass index (BMI) percentile values of children in the 8-9-year-old group were higher than those in the 10-11-year-old group (t=3.044;p=0.002).When children's computer game addiction was evaluated, it was found that while 86.9% of them were at low level of addiction, 12.7% were at moderate level of addiction.Having an overweight brother/sister, high paternal BMI, increase in time spent on screen, and low maternal education status increased BMI percentile values in children (p<0.05).As long as the time of playing computer game increased, it was observed that BMI percentile values also increased significantly (p=0.033). Conclusions:This study shows that the level of computer game addiction and the time spent on screen are factors that increase obesity.In addition, the high level of frequency of snack in children is supportive of this result.If the ways to fight obesity are to promote physical activity and to move away from sedentary life style in children, it is clear that measures should be taken regarding the time that they spend in front of the screen.

Aim: Since traditional anthropometric measurements such as waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) can not adequately demonstrate muscle, fat mass, and body fat distribution, new indices have been developed taking into account the shape of the body. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether new anthropometric indices such as Rohrer Index (RI), Body Shape Index (BSI), and Body Roundness Index (BRI) can be used as markers for the presence of metabolic syndrome or not. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 1059 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), BMI, BRI, BSI, RI were calculated using the appropriate anthropometric measurements taken from the files of the participants. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 39.9% (n=423). There was a statistically significant relationship between BMI, WHtR, RI, BSI, BRI and gender, age, and metabolic syndrome (p<0.001). While there was a weak positive correlation between BSI and metabolic syndrome (r=0.182, p<0.001), there was a strong positive correlation between BRI and metabolic syndrome (r=0.610, p<0.001). The optimum cutting values for BMI, WHtR, and BRI were determined as 30.19 kg/m2, 0.59 cm and 5.24, respectively. Discussion: BRI and WHtR were found to have a higher capacity to predict metabolic syndrome than other indices (BSI, RI, BMI), however, it was seen that it was not superior to BMI. Other anthropometric indices can be used as well as BMI and waist circumference for the prevention, early diagnosis, and detection of the metabolic syndrome risks in the primary health care centers.

Background: Obesity, which is defined as excessive fat accumulation in the body, is an important public health problem. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare measured body fat and the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) index used to predict cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors. Methods: This study was performed retrospectively by scanning the files of 817 participants who had bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) results and routine blood tests. The VAI and the LAP index were calculated using the appropriate formulas. Results: Of the 817 participants included in the study, 67.9% (n = 555) were female, 32.1% (n = 262) were male, and the mean age was 36.14 +/- 11.4 (18-65) years. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 29.90 +/- 6.6 kg/m(2) and 24.2% (n = 198) of the participants were of normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m(2)), while 75.8% (n = 619) were overweight or obese (BMI >= 25 kg/m(2)). Body fat quantity was higher in females than in males. As BMI increased, the body fat quantity measured by BIA also increased (P < 0.001). The mean LAP index of men was higher than the mean LAP index of women in both the normal-weight group and the obese group (P = 0.025 and P = 0.033, respectively). One unit increase in visceral fat percentage resulted in a 77.9% increase in CMR. Conclusions: It may not be sufficient to use only BMI to predict obesity and related cardiometabolic diseases. According to the study findings, it was determined that the increase in visceral fat percentage significantly increases the CMR.

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı psikososyal ve bedensel etkileriyle özel bir süreç olan ergenlik dönemindeki iyilik hali, mutlu olma, kendini ifade etme ile sosyal medya bağımlılığının ilişkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve yöntem: Tanımlayıcı, kesitsel araştırmada, kartopu tekniğiyle ulaşılan 11-18 yaş arası 384 ergen, gönüllülük temelinde demografik bilgi formu, Engagement, Perseverance, Optimism, Connectedness, Happiness (EPOCH) Ölçeği, Duyguları İfade Etme Ölçeği (DİEÖ), Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği-Kısa Formu (OMÖ-KF) ve Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği-Kısa Formunu (SMBÖ-KF) yanıtlamıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların ortalama yaşları 14,6±2,2 yıl, %47,9’u erkek (n=184) ve %61,5’i (n=236) özel okul öğrencisiydi. EPOCH, DİEÖ, OMÖ-KF, SMBÖ-KF ölçeklerinin Cronbach alfa değerleri sırasıyla 0,818, 0,648, 0,770 ve 0,810 bulundu. Kendisini başarısız görenlerin (%24,7; n=95) EPOCH, OMÖ-KF, DİEÖ puanları (76,2±16,9; 21,7±5,9; 67,7±12,9) başarılı görenlerden (87,9±14,2; 25,5±5,2; 71,1±11,2) düşüktü (p=0,001; p=0,001; p=0,008). DİEÖ puanı kızlarda (72,1±11,2) erkeklerden (68,2±11,9) yüksek (p=0,002), özel okulda okuyanların OMÖ-KF puanı (25,5±5,4) devlet okulunda okuyanlardan (22,9±5,6) farklıydı (p=0,001). SMBÖ-KF puanı devlet okulunda okuyanlarda (3,2±2,9) özel okulda okuyanlardan (2,5±2,3) (p=0,033), kendini başarısız görenlerde (3,8±2,8) başarılı görenlerden (2,4±2,5) (p=0,001) ve spor yapmayanlarda (3,0±2,7) spor yapanlardan (2,4±2,5) fazlaydı (p=0,035). EPOCH puanı spor yapanlarda (87,2±15,8) spor yapmayanlardan (83,9±15,6) yüksekti (p=0,038). Katılımcıların EPOCH ile SMBÖ-KF puanı arasında negatif yönde zayıf (r=-0,199, p=0,001), OMÖ ile SMBÖ-KF puanı arasında ise negatif yönde orta düzeyde korelasyon saptandı (r=-0,260, p=0,001). Sonuç: Özel okulda okuyan ergenlerin devlet okulunda okuyanlara göre daha mutlu ve daha az sosyal medya bağımlısı olması, kendini başarılı görenlerin kendini daha iyi ifade etmesi, daha mutlu olması, kendini başarısız görenlerde, devlet okullarında okuyanlarda ve spor yapmayanlarda sosyal medya bağımlılığının daha yüksek olması dikkat çekicidir.