Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) influence dementia care significantly. BPSD can be affected by factors related to the patient’s illness and socio-cultural background. Aim: This study aimed to find a relationship between BPSD with patients’ socio-demographic and clinical profiles and their caregivers’ distress in a tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, the purposive sampling technique was used to select 100 dementia patients. A comprehensive record of socio-demographic and clinical details was made on a self-prepared semi-structured data sheet. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire was the principal tool to find the BPSD and related caregivers’ distress. Results: The sample comprised predominantly Hindu (91%) male patients (66%) with Alzheimer’s dementia (76%) coming from rural backgrounds (74%) and joint familial systems (96%), with a mean age of 71.77 ± 7.41 years. Patients’ main caregivers were their children/children-in-law (65%). The severity of an overall BPSD and its variable individual domains were directly related to the duration of dementia, patients’ age, their cognitive decline, and related decline in activities of living, as well as their caregivers’ distress. In comparison to Alzheimer’s disease patients, those with other dementia types had more impairment in cognitive functions and activities of daily living and they had a higher number and severity of BPSD. Conclusion: The advancing age, increased duration of dementia, and decline in cognition and related activities of daily living of the patients, as well as their caregivers’ distress, are important correlates of BPSD. The findings are essential for the better management of dementia patients.

Background: Having a child with a serious illness like cancer has a detrimental and negative impact on the parents’ health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Many factors have been identified as being associated with poorer HRQOL. Acquiring knowledge about these factors is essential to enhancing the quality of life (QOL) of children as well as their parents. Aim: This study aims to analyze HRQOL in parents of children with cancer and to explore relationships between parent and child variables and parental quality of life. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 parents of children with cancer were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. To evaluate the parental HRQOL, the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36) was used. Results: Child age and time since diagnosis showed a positive correlation with all domains of HRQOL on Spearman’s correlation. A statistically significant difference in SF-36 scores across four cancer groups was seen on the Kruskal–Wallis test. Mothers showed poorer quality of life in the physical role functioning domain as compared to fathers (U = 248, P < 0.01). Conclusion: The present study shows poor HRQOL for parents of children with cancer, despite learning to cope and adjust over time. Parents of children with retinoblastoma demonstrate a poorer QOL as compared to other cancer groups. The study suggests close monitoring of parents’ QOL and the provision of appropriate treatment and psychosocial support for parents along with the treatment of children.

Objective: The aim of study was to assess the comorbidity of psychiatric illnesses in the patients suffering from chronic skin Diseases.Material and Methods: One hundred consecutive patients attending OPD of Dept. of Dermatology, ANMCH, Gaya, Bihar were studied.Patients were examined through Psychiatric interview & screened through Hospital anxiety and depression scale after taking informed consent.Discussion & Results: Out of these 40 patients 70% (28/40) had anxiety disorder and 30% (12/40) had depressive disorder or dysthymia.Patients of anxiety disorders 35.7% (10/28) had mixed anxiety disorder, 25.7% had Generalized anxiety disorder, 21.4% (6/28) had panic disorder, 17.85(5/28) had somatization disorder.Patients of depressive disorders 66.66% had major depressive disorder and 33.33% had dysthymia. Conclusion:There is a high rate of psychiatric problems in patients with chronic Skin Diseases.

Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing world wide. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease which affect many organ system leading to reduced life expectancy. The association of diabetes mellitus and depression has been observed since long.Purpose: To find out prevalence of depression in diabetes mellitus.Method: Total 300 diabetic patients included in this study and they were screened for depression by patient health questionnaire-9.Results: the result from the study showed the prevalence rate of depression in diabetic is 43.33%. Among these depressed group 30.76% were mildly depressed, 40.76% were moderately depressed and 28.46% had severe depression.Conclusion: High prevalence of depression was found in diabetic patients. Hence psychiatrist assessment should be part of diabetic patients evaluation.

Giant Cell carcinoma is a variant of Sarcomatoid carcinoma which occurs at a younger age and predominantly in smoker males. Metastasis and wide spread extension is common by the time of diagnosis and is associated with a poor outcome. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has a great role in diagnosing Giant cell carcinoma which are not amenable for surgical excision and early diagnosis by FNAC will greatly influence of the survival rate as treatment can be started immediately. We report a case of Giant Cell Carcinoma diagnosed by FNAC in a 55 yrs. male who presented with lung mass in the periphery of right lower lobe associated with overlying rib destruction.

Background: The health care providers need to be aware of solving psychodermatological disorders by a multidisciplinary team approach. Objectives: This study was carried out to find the prevalence and correlates of unrecognised depression linked with common skin morbidities among attendees in a teaching hospital dermatology outpatients department. Methods: This was as institution based cross-sectional study conducted during October and November 2016 at Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India among 356 consecutive consenting adults with common skin diseases attending dermatology outpatient department fulfilling inclusion criteria using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results: Among 356 participants aged 18 years and above having one of six most commonly diagnosed disease depression was present among 204 (57.3%), mostly mild depression 84 (41.18%) followed by moderate (23.53%) moderately severe (21.57%) and severe (13.72%). Depression among various dermatological ailments was mostly noted with Tinea infection (66%) and least among Vitiligo and Acnae cases (20% each). In statistical analysis, probability of having significantly increased risk of depression was found among females, illiterates and less educated, perusing household works, from larger families, having lower personal income, suffering for more than 13 months and suffering from itching skin disease, receiving continuous treatment, and having co-morbidities. Conclusions: Magnitude of depression among patients suffering from dermatological conditions was alarmingly high and was influenced by the various risk factors.

The aim of current study was to observe, assess and screen the phenomenology of perimenstrual symptoms, & identify if any other form of psychiatric syndrome. Non experimental quantitative descriptive Research design was used to conduct the study. The study population consisted of 50 consecutive patients of Perimenstrual syndrome attending psychiatry OPD at PMCH, Patna during 2005–2008. Purposive sampling was used to collect the sample. International classification of diseases (ICD-10) and Diagnostic and Statistical manual of mental disorders-IV (DSM-IV), Structured Perimenstrual symptoms and syndrome check list diary, Perimenstrual symptoms severity rating scale & Temporal-Profile Performa of perimenstrual symptoms tools were used to collect the data. The findings analyzed by descriptive statistics. Data analysis showed that the mean age of patients was 30.7 years. The most distressing symptom was irritability (66%) in patients included in study followed by bloating in 18% and breast pain in 16% of cases. Most patients were symptomatic for 6–10 days in each menstrual cycle during premenstrual phase, and symptoms were relieved after beginning of menstrual flow.

Aim: The mediastinum harbors a mixed bag of tumors, which may create significant diagnostic dilemmas. These tumors have widely variable therapeutic and prognostic implications. Correct pre-operative cytological diagnosis and trucut biopsy if indicated, may obviate the need of surgical excision of many of these lesions. A stepwise algorithmic approach such as clinical history, radiological localization, salient cytomorphology and ancillary test helps in correct diagnosis of these tumors. This paper discusses the stepwise diagnostic algorithm for fine needle aspiration cytology diagnosis of mediastinal tumors. Materials and methods: Prospectively thirty-three patients were studied over a year (July 2015 to June 2016) for their age, sex, and topographic distribution, cytological diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis on tru cut biopsy specimen. Thereafterthe diagnosis on the basis of Cytology smears and histological sections were evaluated in all patients. Results: Among 33 patients, 27 were male and 6 were female. Most mediastinal neoplasm was identified in 3 rd to fifth decade of life. Lymphoma and Germ cell tumor are the most common Mediastinal neoplasm. Adequate tissue material was obtained in 32 of 33 cases by CNB. Of these 32 patients, 26(78.79%) cases were diagnosed correctly by FNAC, whereas 7(21.21%) cases were not diagnosed definitely by FNAC. The sensitivity of CNB for mediastinal neoplasm was 87.88%, significantly higher than FNAC (78.79 %) (P<0.05). Mediastinum is the common site and tissue diagnoses of mediastinal mass are very important for correct therapeutic decision.

Results: Among 356 participants aged 18 years and above having one of six most commonly diagnosed disease depression was present among 204 (57.3%), mostly mild depression 84 (41.18%) followed by moderate (23.53%) moderately severe (21.57%) and severe (13.72%). Depression among various dermatological ailments was mostly noted with Tinea infection (66%) and least among Vitiligo and Acnae cases (20% each). In statistical analysis, probability of having significantly increased risk of depression was found among females, illiterates and less educated, perusing household works, from larger families, having lower personal income, suffering for more than 13 months and suffering from itching skin disease, receiving continuous treatment, and having comorbidities.

Phobias occur in several forms. The two main types of phobias are social phobia and specific phobia. A marked specific fear of an object or situation is called a specific phobia. Ombrophobia or pluviophobia is a type of natural environmental subtype of specific phobia. We report a case of ombrophobia in a lady with an interesting psychopathology and treatment outcomes.