Fruit rust is a common physiological disease of fruit trees and one of the important factors affecting the appearance and quality of apple. The organic water-soluble fertilizer Xiulijing produced by Yantai Goodly Biology Co., Ltd. has good control effect on apple rust. In this study, the young fruit of ’Venus Gold’ apple was treated with different concentrations of Xiulijing solution, and the rust rate,rust index and control effect were investigated at maturity. The results showed that the fruit rust rate and fruit rust index of Xiulijing diluted 1 000 and 500 times were the lowest and lower, and the control effects were 76.8% and 82.5%, respectively. It is suggested to popularize the application in production.

采用酸性溶剂浸提法提取紫薯中花青素,用正交试验优化提取条件,运用pH示差法测定其中花青素含量,并研究花青素的抗氧化能力.结果表明,紫薯中花青素最佳提取工艺为乙醇浓度45％,溶剂pH 2.5,料液比1 ∶15(g/mL),提取温度60℃,提取时间2 h.测得紫薯中花青素含量为61.35 mg/100 g.保鲜试验表明,不同处理对柑橘均具有一定的保鲜效果,保鲜能力依次为花青素+苯甲酸钠＞苯甲酸钠＞花青素＞对照.紫薯花青素具有一定的抑菌和保鲜效果,但保鲜能力弱于苯甲酸钠,两者结合的防腐保鲜效果更好.

为探究有机水溶肥"十三全"对苹果生长的影响,以'维纳斯黄金'苹果植株为试验对象,以苹果树春梢长度、茎粗和果实直径为指标,以不同浓度有机水溶肥"十三全"为试剂进行试验.结果显示,'维纳斯黄金'苹果冲施稀释2 000倍的"十三全"有机水溶肥后,苹果树春梢长度、茎粗和果实直径均有显著增加.

钙对作物生长发育及内外品质都有重要影响,缺钙容易导致多种生理病害造成农业损失.本文通过分析作物补钙调钙的必要性,探究了补钙调钙提高作物品质的有效途径,力求为农业生产提供有益借鉴.

以提高种子发芽率为目的,探究生物刺激剂复酶糖苷的最佳施用浓度.通过设置不同复酶糖苷浓度梯度,对小麦、玉米、花生、黄瓜4种作物种子进行浸种后测定发芽率.结果表明,在1～20mg/L浓度范围内,随着浓度的升高,复酶糖苷对4种作物种子发芽率的提升作用逐渐增强,其中10mg/L复酶糖苷对种子发芽率具有显著促进作用,可在农业生产中应用.

钙作为果树生长发育所必需的中量元素,其需求量仅次于氮元素和钾元素.果实中钙元素的存在,对于提高果实硬度、延缓果实软化、促进果实发育、减少早期落果、促进果实着色等外观和内在品质都具有重要作用.一旦果实中的钙元素缺乏,将会导致苦痘病、痘斑病、水心病、果皮开裂等一系列果实生理性病害的发生,严重影响果实的外观及内在品质,大大降低果实的商品价值.因此,探索对果树的钙元素进行有效补充的方法,对于提高果实品质、增强果实市场竞争力、增加果农的收入具有重要意义.