International Journal of Clinical PracticeVolume 39, Issue 1 p. 25-28 Clinical Study Controlled Comparison of *Clinitar Shampoo and Selsun Shampoo in the Treatment of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis of the Scalp Torsten Fredriksson MD, Torsten Fredriksson MD Head of Department of Dermatology Central Hospital, Västerås, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author Torsten Fredriksson MD, Torsten Fredriksson MD Head of Department of Dermatology Central Hospital, Västerås, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 January 1985 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-1241.1985.tb07765.x * Smith & Nephew Pharmaceuticals Ltd Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Volume39, Issue1January 1985Pages 25-28 RelatedInformation

The advantages and disadvantages of oral treatment of dermatomycosis is discussed, particularly with regard to griseofulvin and ketoconazole as examples. The advantages versus topical treatment are better efficacy, better compliance, and oral treatment is possibly more economical. Disadvantages are toxicity, development of resistant strains, interaction with other drugs and time- and cost consuming regular supervision of the patients.

International Journal of DermatologyVolume 23, Issue 2 p. 110-111 Semantics—Tinea Versus Pityriasis Versicolor and Pityrosporum Orbiculare Versus Malassezia Furfur: Which is Proper? Torsten Fredriksson M.D., Corresponding Author Torsten Fredriksson M.D. Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital, Vasteras, SwedenAddress for reprints: Torsten Fredriksson, M.D., Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital, S-721 89 Vasteras, Sweden.Search for more papers by this authorJan Faergemann M.D., Jan Faergemann M.D. Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital, Vasteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author Torsten Fredriksson M.D., Corresponding Author Torsten Fredriksson M.D. Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital, Vasteras, SwedenAddress for reprints: Torsten Fredriksson, M.D., Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital, S-721 89 Vasteras, Sweden.Search for more papers by this authorJan Faergemann M.D., Jan Faergemann M.D. Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital, Vasteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author First published: March 1984 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1984.tb05682.xCitations: 6AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume23, Issue2March 1984Pages 110-111 RelatedInformation

A zinc pyrithione shampoo was compared with its shampoo base in the treatment of tinea versicolor. Forty patients with tinea versicolor were included in the study. The condition in twenty patients treated with the zinc pyrithione shampoo cleared; the condition in the remaining twenty patients treated with the shampoo base did not. No side effects were noted in any of the patients.

International Journal of DermatologyVolume 22, Issue 1 p. 39-40 Tinea Incognito as a Source of an "Epidemic" of Trichophyton violaceum Infections in a Dermatologic Ward Jan Faergemann M.D., Corresponding Author Jan Faergemann M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Valteras, SwedenAddress for reprints: Jan Faergemann, M.D., Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Vasteras, S-721 89 Vasteras, Sweden.Search for more papers by this authorTorsten Fredriksson M.D., Torsten Fredriksson M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Valteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this authorOlga Herczka M.D., Olga Herczka M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Valteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this authorPavel Krupicka M.D., Pavel Krupicka M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Valteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this authorKarin Nordin Björklund M.D., Karin Nordin Björklund M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Valteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this authorMats Sjökvist M.D., Mats Sjökvist M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Valteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author Jan Faergemann M.D., Corresponding Author Jan Faergemann M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Valteras, SwedenAddress for reprints: Jan Faergemann, M.D., Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Vasteras, S-721 89 Vasteras, Sweden.Search for more papers by this authorTorsten Fredriksson M.D., Torsten Fredriksson M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Valteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this authorOlga Herczka M.D., Olga Herczka M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Valteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this authorPavel Krupicka M.D., Pavel Krupicka M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Valteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this authorKarin Nordin Björklund M.D., Karin Nordin Björklund M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Valteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this authorMats Sjökvist M.D., Mats Sjökvist M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Valteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author First published: January 1983 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1983.tb02112.xCitations: 8AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume22, Issue1January 1983Pages 39-40 RelatedInformation

A trial was carried out in 60 patients with relatively stable psoriasis to compare the effectiveness, tolerance and cosmetic properties of dithranol in a cream base (0.1% and 0.25%) or in the form of a soft paraffin ointment (0.25%). Patients were assigned at random to receive treatment with one or other of the three formulations, applied once daily, over a period of 4 weeks. Assessments were made initially and after 2 and 4 weeks of induration, redness, scaling and pruritus and during the trial of staining of clothes and linen, skin discolouration and burning. There was no significant difference in effect between dithranol cream 0.25% and dithranol ointment 0.25%, while both showed a better effect than dithranol cream 0.1% (p less than 0.05). The dithranol cream preparations were significantly better (p less than 0.05) than dithranol ointment 0.25% regarding all the cosmetic variables after 2 as well as after 4-weeks' treatment. The same applied to the patients' overall evaluation of the cosmetic acceptability. Three patients in the dithranol ointment group were considered as treatment failures. One of them refused to continue with the treatment due to burning and another due to burning and staining.

A total of 60 patients with proven fungal infection of the skin took part in a single-blind comparative study of the efficacy, toleration and safety of tioconazole base 1% w/w and miconazole nitrate 2% creams applied twice daily for 14 days to patients with pityriasis versicolor and for 28 days to patients with dermatophyte and yeast infections. Overall assessment of the patients reviewed at the end of treatment showed that 23 of 30 patients (77%) treated with tioconazole and 19 of 30 patients (63%) treated with miconazole were clinically and mycologically cured. Tioconazole cured 80% (8 of 10) and miconazole cured 38% (5 of 13) of the infections with Trichophyton rubrum, which are the most frequent ones. At long-term follow-up, approximately 6 weeks later, results in both treatment groups were comparable. 20 of the 23 patients (87%) cured by tioconazole and 18 of the 19 patients (95%) cured by miconazole remained free from infection. Both creams were easy to apply and there were no reports of staining. No side effects were recorded during the study.

International Journal of DermatologyVolume 21, Issue 1 p. 8-12 Tinea Versicolor: Some New Aspects on Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Jan Faergemann M.D., Corresponding Author Jan Faergemann M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Uppsala and Central Hospital Vasteras, SwedenAddress for reprints: Jan Faergemann, M.D., Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital S-721 89 Vasteras, Sweden.Search for more papers by this authorTorsten Fredriksson M.D., Torsten Fredriksson M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Uppsala and Central Hospital Vasteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author Jan Faergemann M.D., Corresponding Author Jan Faergemann M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Uppsala and Central Hospital Vasteras, SwedenAddress for reprints: Jan Faergemann, M.D., Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital S-721 89 Vasteras, Sweden.Search for more papers by this authorTorsten Fredriksson M.D., Torsten Fredriksson M.D. From the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Uppsala and Central Hospital Vasteras, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author First published: January 1982 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1982.tb00476.xCitations: 60AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1 Faergemann J: Tinea versicolor and Pityrosporum orbiculare: Mycological investigations, experimental infections and epidemiological surveys. Acta Derm Venereol (suppl): 86, 1979. 2 Moore M: Cultivation of Malassezia furfur, etiological agent of tinea versicolor. Mycopathol 1: 53, 1938. 3 Moore M: Malassezia furfur, the cause of tinea versicolor. Arch Dermatol Syphilol 41: 253, 1941. 4 Gordon MA: Lipophilic yeastlike organisms associated with tinea versicolor. J Invest Dermatol 17: 267, 1951. 5 Sloof WC: Genus Pityrosporum. In: The Yeasts, 2nd ed. Edited by J. Lodder Amsterdam , North-Holland Pub Co, 1971. p 1167. 6 Gordon MA: The lipophilic mycoflora of the skin. Mycologica 43: 524, 1951. 7 Faergemann J, Bernandér S: Tinea versicolor and Pityrosporum orbiculare: A mycological investigation. Sabouraudia 17: 171, 1979. 8 Faergemann J, Fredriksson T: Experimental infections in rabbits and humans with Pityrosporum orbiculare and P. ovale. J Invest Dermatol 77: 314, 1981. 9 Faergemann J, Bernander S: Microaerophilic and anaerobic growth of Pityrosporum species. Sabouraudia 19: 117, 1981. 10 Burke RC: Tinea versicolor: Susceptibility factors and experimental infections in human beings. J Invest Dermatol 36: 389, 1961. 11 Roberts SOB: Pityriasis versicolor: A clinical and mycological investigation. Br J Dermatol 81: 315, 1969. 12 Dorn M, Roehnert K: Dimorphism of Pityrosporum orbiculare in a defined culture medium. J Invest Dermatol 69: 244, 1977. 13 Porro MN, Passi S, Caprilli F, et al: Induction of hyphae in cultures of Pityrosporum by cholesterol and cholesterol esters. J Invest Dermatol 69: 531, 1977. 14 Roberts SOB: Pityrosporum orbiculare: Incidence and distribution on clinically normal skin. Br J Dermatol 81: 264, 1969. 15 Faergemann J, Fredriksson T: Age incidence of Pityrosporum orbiculare on human skin. Acta Derm Venereol 60: 531, 1980. 16 Faergemann J: Experimental tinea versicolor in rabbits and humans with Pityrosporum orbiculare. J Invest Dermatol 72: 326, 1979. No. 1. 17 Keddie FM: Tinea versicolor: The electronmicroscopic morphology of the genera Malassezia and Pityrosporum. XIII Congressus Internationalis Dermatolodiae, vol 2. Edited by W Jadassohn, CC Shirren. Berlin , Heidelberg , New York , Springer Verlag, 1968. 18 Piérard J, Dockx P: A propos du parasite du pityriasis versicolor. Archiv Beig Dermatol Syphilol 24: 399, 1968. 19 Sternberg TH, Keddie FM: Immunofluorescence studies in tinea versicolor. Arch Dermatol 84: 999, 1961. 20 Keddie FM, Shadomy S: Etiological significance of Pityrosporum orbiculare in tinea versicolor. Sabouraudia 3: 21, 1963. 21 Tanaka M, Imamura S: Immunological studies of Pityrosporum genus and Malassezia furfur. J Invest Dermatol 73: 321, 1979. 22 Castellani A, Chalmers AJ: Manual of Tropical Medicine, 2nd ed. London , Ballieré et Cox, 1913. 23 Noble WC, Sommerville DA: The fungal flora. In: Microbiology of Human Skin, vol 2. Edited by WC Noble, DA Sommerville. Philadelphia , WB Saunders, 1974. p 206. 24 Ackerman AB, Kligman AM: Some observations on dandruff. J Soc Cosmet Chem 20: 81, 1967. 25 Drouhet E, Dompmartin D, Papachristou-oraiti A: Obtention chez le cobaye d'une dermatiteàPityrosporum ovale et (ou) P. Orbicuiare. Bui Soc Franc Myc Med 2: 167, 1977. 26 Rocha CL, Silva C, Lima AO, et al: Experimental studies on Pityrosporum ovale: Its pathogenicity and antigenic capacity. Invest Dermatol 19: 289, 1952. 27 Weary PE: Pityrosporum ovale: Observation on some aspects of host-parasite interrelationship. Arch Dermatol 98: 408, 1968. 28 Keddie FM, Barajas L: Quantitative ultrastructural variations betwee Pityrosporum ovale and P. orbiculare based on semi-section electron microscopy. Int J Dermatol 11: 40, 1972. 29 Salkin IF, Cordon MA: Polymorphism of Malassezia furfur. Can J Microbiol 23: 471, 1977. 30 Randjandiche M: Polymorphisme de Pityrosporum ovale (Bizzozzero) Castellani & Castellani & Chalmers in vitro et in vivo. Bull Soc Med 5: 79, 1976. 31 Vanbreuseghem R, De Tiége R: Contribution á I'etude Pityriasis versicolor et de Pityrosporum ovale. Ann Soc Bel Med Trop 35: 521, 1952. 32 Alexander S: Loss of hair and dandruff. Br J Dermatol 79: 549, 1967. 33 Nazzaro Porro M, Passi S: Identification of tyrosinase inhibitors in cultures of Pityrosporum. J Invest Dermatol 71: 205 1978. 34 Breathnach AS, Nazzaro Porro M, Martin B: Ultrastructure of skin in pityriasis versicolor. C Ital Dermatol 110: 457, 1975. 35 Montes LF: Systemic abnormalities and intreacellular site of infectiona of the stratum comeum. JAMA 213: 1469, 1970. 36 Tosti A, Villardita S, Fazzini ML: The parasitic colonization of the horny layer in tinea versicolor. J Invest Dermatol 59: 233, 1972. 37 Marples MJ: The incidence of certain skin diseases in Western Samoa: A preliminary survey. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 44: 319, 1950. 38 Brinkman A: Zum Vorrkommen von Dermatomykosen in Liberia. Tropenmed Parasitol 25: 350, 1974. 39 Caprilli F, Mercantini R, Nazzaro Porro M, et al: Contributo allo studio del genere Pityrosporum. Bull Inst Dermatol S Gallicano 7: 91, 1971. 40 Faergemann J, Fredriksson T: Tinea versicolor with regard to seborrheic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 115: 966, 1979. 41 King RD, Cunico RL, Maibach HI, et al: The effect of occlusion on carbon dioxide emission from human skin. Acta Derm Venereol 58: 135, 1978. 42 Sohnle PC, Collins-Lech C: Cell-mediated immunity to Pityrosporum orbiculare in tinea versicolor. J Clin Invest 62: 45, 1978. 43 Albright SD, Hitch JM: Rapid treatment of tinea versicolor with selenium sulfide. Arch Dermatol 93: 460, 1966. 44 Gip L: The topical therapy of pityriasis versicolor with clotrimazole. Postgrad Med I 50: 59, 1974. 45 Fredriksson T: Treatment of dermatomycosis with topical miconazole (Daktar). Opuscula Medica 21: 80, 1977. 46 Faergemann T, Fredriksson T: An open trial of the effect of a zinc pyrithione shampoo in tinea versicolor. Cutis 25: 667, 1980. 47 Faergemann J, Fredriksson T: Propylene glycol in the treatment of tinea versicolor. Acta Derm Venereol 60: 92, 1980. 48 Faergemann J, Fredriksson T: Antimycotic activity of propane-l, 2-diol (propylene glycol). Sabouraudia 18: 163, 1980. 49 First international symposium of Ketoconazole. Rev Infect Dis 2: 519, 1980. Citing Literature Volume21, Issue1January 1982Pages 8-12 ReferencesRelatedInformation

In a retrospective survey of 1112 patients with atopic dermatitis we found that the age of onset of lesions localized to the lower gluteal and posterior femoral regions reached its peak at the age of 7 to 8 years. We speculated that this is due to sweat retention caused by prolonged sitting when these predisposed individuals start school.

An investigation of how miconazole nitrate dissolved in dimethylformamide in initial concentrations of 1,000, 500, and 100 microgram/ml may alter its concentration with storage time, is presented. The determination of miconazole nitrate was performed with high pressure liquid chromatography. After 8 hours the 1,000 microgram/ml solution was milky and the concentration of miconazole had fallen significantly. It was concluded that test agar plates or agar tubes must be made with freshly prepared and clear stock solutions, otherwise false MIC's may be obtained.

Propane-1,2-diol in concentrations of 30-90 g/l was found to inhibit in vitro the growth of Pityrosporum orbiculare, Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale, and Epidermophyton floccosum. These results are discussed in relation to the management of fungal skin diseases.

The antimycotic activity of ethane-1,2-diol, propane-1,2-diol, butane-1,3-diol, pentane-1,5-diol, and hexane-2,5-diol in vitro against Pityrosporum orbiculare, Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale and Epidermophyton floccosum was studied. Ethane-1,2-diol had the lowest activity (MIC of 40-100 g 1(-1)), and hexane-2,5-diol the highest activity (MIC of 10-40 g 1(-1)). Among, the higher diols there can be both effective antifungal agents and substances with a lower risk of allergic and irritative skin reactions than propane-1,2-diol.

Twenty patients with tinea versicolor were treated with propylene glycol 50% in water twice daily for 2 weeks. All of these were cured when seen 2 weeks after the last day of treatment. The patients found the treatment cosmetically attractive and only 2 patients complained of a slight burning sensation in the skin after application of the solution.

A 16-year-old girl with dark-brown coalescing papules symmetrically localized to the cheeks, is reported. The diagnosis may be consistent with the criteria for confluent and reticulate papillomatosis (Gougerot-Carteaud). The association between this disease and Pityrosporum orbiculare is discussed.

We have investigated the incidence of the lipophilic fungi Pityrosporum orbiculare and P. ovale on clinically normal skin in newborn children and in children at the age of 6 months, 1 year, 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years. P. orbiculare was absent in children of less than 5 years of age. It was present in the highest incidence (93%) in the 15-year-old children, about the same frequency as in adults. The colonization starts during the period when the sebaceous glands become active. P. ovale could not be cultured and this may depend on geographical variations in the distribution of these yeasts.

The effect of zinc pyrithione 1 percent, incorporated in a shampoo, has been tested in an open trial of twenty patients with tinea versicolor. The period of treatment was two weeks, and eighteen patients returned for follow-up visits two weeks after the last day of treatment. All of these patients were cured of tinea versicolor clinically, under Wood's light, and microscopically. No side effects were noticed in any of the patients and the patients found the shampoo cosmetically acceptable.

This is a retrospective study of 232 patients, and a prospective survey of 48 patients, regarding susceptibility factors in tinea versicolor, particularly in association with seborrheic dermatitis. In both surveys, a higher (10.4%) than expected (3.8%) percentage of association with seborrheic dermatitis was found.