Seawater flotation is increasingly adopted to reduce freshwater demand; however, its complex ionic environment often deteriorates sulfide mineral floatability and necessitates effective regulation strategies. In this work, seawater magnetization and collector magnetization were evaluated as two independent treatment routes affecting chalcopyrite flotation, and their impacts on flotation performance and interfacial properties were quantified. Pure-mineral flotation tests were conducted at pH 8 using butyl xanthate as the collector and pine oil as the frother, with magnetic field strength and magnetization duration varied in a controlled manner. Both flotation recovery and interfacial responses exhibited a distinct parameter-window behavior, rather than a monotonic enhancement. Under magnetized seawater conditions, chalcopyrite recovery increased from 80.45% to 92.7% at 200 mT and 8 min, while magnetized collector treatment under identical conditions produced a stronger enhancement, yielding a maximum recovery of 96.5%. Contact-angle measurements demonstrated an increase in chalcopyrite surface hydrophobicity within the effective magnetization range, whereas zeta-potential measurements revealed a positive shift toward less negative values, indicating weakened electrostatic repulsion in the seawater system. The consistent trends among flotation recovery, surface wettability, and surface electrical properties suggest that magnetization influences chalcopyrite floatability by modifying the balance between hydrophobic surface stabilization and electrostatic interactions, thereby highlighting an effective operating window for seawater flotation systems.

To address the limited information available on bubble shapes and motion trajectories in flotation systems, this work investigates the three-dimensional motion and morphology of bubbles using high-speed imaging and a virtual binocular stereoscopic vision system based on dual-view imaging principles. First, the relationship between bubble shape and dimensionless numbers was established using experimental data and compared with other experimental records. The results show that the predicted correlation between the Weber number and Morton number in this study aligns more closely with experimental values. In the bubble motion experiments, two types of three-dimensional trajectories were observed: "linear" and "spiral." The amplitude of the horizontal oscillation of the bubbles was found to be negatively correlated with reagent concentration and positively correlated with the orifice size of the bubble generator. For dual-bubble motion, three interaction patterns were identified: no interaction, approach-separation-reapproach, and intersecting ascent.

相比于传统浮选机,浮选柱具有结构简单、易于调控、浮选效率高等优势,更适于处理品位低、嵌布粒度细、矿物组成复杂的矿石资源,其研究和应用逐渐成为矿物加工领域关注的焦点.介绍了浮选柱的发展历程和分类,重点阐述了各种新型浮选柱CPT浮选柱、Jameson浮选柱、充填型浮选柱、旋流-静态微泡浮选柱、CCF浮选柱、KYZ浮选柱、CFC浮选柱在矿物浮选中的应用现状,通过与浮选机的浮选指标对比,在处理微细粒难选矿物时,浮选柱具有常规浮选机所不可比拟的分选效果;同时归纳了电解浮选技术、磁浮选技术、流态化浮选技术与柱浮选技术结合的代表性浮选设备—磁浮选柱、电解浮选柱、流态化浮选柱等的应用进展;最后,指出了浮选柱的未来研发方向应侧重于自动控制系统的完善、流体动力学数值模拟的研究以及与综合力场的结合等方面.

In the self-designed flotation column simulation system, the foaming characteristics of the micro-bubble countercurrent contact flotation column used in the hematite cation column flotation process are systematically studied. The objective of this study is to investigate the bubble generation by a bubble generator in the flotation column. The bubble image was obtained by the high-speed camera recorder, and the bubble diameter was calculated and analyzed by image processing software. The distribution characteristics of the bubble size under different aeration conditions and with different reagent concentrations were investigated. The results show that as the aeration increases, the average diameter bubbles increases, the bubble size distribution changes from narrow to wide, and the number of small bubbles decreases. The cationic collector GE-609 can change the bubble shape. As the concentration increases, the bubble shape gradually changes from an irregular shape to a standard spherical shape. When the concentration of GE-609 exceeds 2.5 mg/dm(3), the average circularity C of the bubbles in the bubble group stabilizes at 1, and the increase in concentration no longer changes the bubble shape. GE-609 also has an efficient foaming effect, as the concentration increases, the bubble diameter distribution changes significantly, the proportion of small bubbles increases, and the proportion of large bubbles decreases significantly. When the critical concentration is exceeded, the bubble diameter distribution probability density peak width no longer changes significantly. Compared with the two types of alcohol foaming agents, GE-609 produces a bubble Sauter diameter close to that of 2-octanol and slightly lower than terpineol.

In order to explore the gas holdup distribution of the microbubble countercurrent contact flotation column in the hematite column cationic reverse flotation process, respectively using conductance method and pressure drop method for air and water as experimental medium characteristics research of flotation column, the research group carries on the gas holdup, examines the aeration quantity, the fill medium and cation collector alkyl polyamine ether (An amine collector-GE609 which consists of four elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen)within the column on the influence of the axial and radial gas holdup. The results show that the axial gas holdup from the bottom of the column to the top of the column increases with the increase of height in the range of 0.05-0.07dm(3)/s. The radial distribution of gas holdup generally shows the distribution law of "intermediate high, low on both sides". After the filling medium is added into the column, the radial gas holdup is evenly distributed compared with the empty column, and the gas holdup is increased. Due to the high foaming performance of GE-609, the gas holdup in the column can be increased by changing the amount of aeration and the concentration of the reagent, which can exceed 60% at the maximum. Like other alcohol foaming agents, as time passes, the effect of GE-609 weakens and the gas holdup in the column gradually decreases. The addition of quantitative HCl can improve the foaming performance of GE-609, and the gas holdup in the column is significantly improved and the stability is enhanced.

在自行设计的浮选柱模拟系统中,对一种新型浮选柱微泡-逆流接触式浮选柱气泡发生器的发泡特性进行系统研究;以发泡器产生的气泡为研究对象,通过高速摄像记录仪获取气泡图像,采用图像处理软件对气泡直径及速度进行提取、统计,考察气泡发生器在不同充气条件下气泡密度及气泡尺寸分布特征,探索生成气泡的尺寸和速度之间的对应关系.研究结果表明,随充气量增大,气泡平均直径增大,气泡尺寸分布由变宽,微气泡数量减少;在充气量Q=4 L/min时,气泡尺寸分布比较均匀且产生充足的微气泡;气泡上升速度主要取决于充气量和气泡尺寸,通过试验数据分析,提出了该浮选柱气泡发生器生成气泡上升速度与尺寸之间的指数关系式.

为了探究新型阳离子捕收剂GE-609的起泡特性,在自行设计的浮选柱模拟系统中,以柱中气泡发生器产生的气泡为研究对象,通过高速摄像记录仪获取气泡群图像,将图像进行预处理后转化为二值图像,通过设定圆形度范围将其分为单气泡、黏连气泡,最后通过分割黏连气泡后,得到气泡群中气泡形状和直径.数据分析发现,阳离子捕收剂GE-609可改变气泡形状,随着药剂浓度的增加,气泡形状逐渐由不规则型变为标准的球形,当GE-609浓度超过2.56 mg/L时,气泡群中的气泡平均圆形度C稳定在1,浓度的增加不再改变气泡形状.在抑制气泡直径方面,GE-609具有高效的起泡性能,与醇类起泡剂松油醇相比较,GE-609产生气泡Sauter直径为0.5 mm,低于松油醇.

浮选设备是矿物加工工程领域一种重要的气液反应装置,主要包括浮选机和浮选柱.浮选设备应用已有百年历史,随着选矿技术水平的提高,浮选设备逐渐向自动化、大型化的方向发展.近年来对浮选设备内流体力学特征参数的研究解析越来越多,进一步促进了设备的合理放大和优化.本工作在简要介绍目前浮选设备的发展和应用现状后,总结了国内外学者对浮选设备内气泡尺寸、气含率和气泡速度3个重要流体力学特征参数的检测方法和研究现状,提出了在今后研究中,开发以机器视觉为核心的检测技术和强化侵入式检测装置的适用性是流体力学特征参数检测手段的发展方向之一.

为了提高分选指标,将充填型微泡逆流接触式浮选柱用于钛的浮选工艺中,提出钛的柱机联合全浮选工艺.针对黑山铁矿钒钛磁铁矿的选铁尾矿进行了钛的柱机联合全浮选工艺试验研究,通过条件试验及流程试验,确定了柱机联合全浮选工艺的流程结构及分选指标.试验结果表明,选铁尾矿脱硫后经浮选柱一次粗选浮选机五次精选后可获得TiO2品位42.05％、回收率66.62％的钛精矿,实现了钒钛磁铁矿中钛的综合回收.

早期的地质勘查发现,河钢集团矿业公司沙河中关铁矿矿石中主要工业铁矿物为磁铁矿,同时还含有钴、硫等有价值元素.选取具有代表性的矿样进行了化学物理性质、铁物相和硫物相以及工艺矿物学研究;分析了矿物含量、结构构造、矿物工艺粒度分布特征等,提出了采用原矿预选抛尾-磨矿-弱磁选-浮钴硫流程进行选矿工艺研究,为选厂建设提供了依据.

随着矿产资源的大量开采,品位低、嵌布粒度细、矿物组成复杂的难选矿石资源日益增多,一种结构简单、高效节能的分选设备——浮选柱逐渐受到了选矿界的广泛重视,其开发和应用成为近年来矿业领域研究和关注的焦点.在对浮选柱发展历程及优势进行分析的基础上,总结了国内浮选柱在赤铁矿、铜矿、钨矿、金矿、银矿、铅锌矿、煤矿、磷矿、硫及石墨等主要金属、非金属矿选矿中的应用现状,通过与浮选机浮选指标对比得出,在处理微细粒难选矿物方面,浮选柱具有常规浮选机不可比拟的优势;在今后研究中,浮选柱气泡发生器的优化、控制系统的完善、柱内流体力学理论的深化及加速新兴领域的工业化进程将是浮选柱的发展方向.

河北某矽卡岩型铅锌矿石锌品位为2.81%、铅品位为0.58%,银品位为27.50 g/t,铅、锌主要以硫化物的形式存在,硫化铅占总铅的72.42%,硫化锌占总锌的92.53%.为高效开发利用该矿石资源,采用优先选铅再选锌的原则流程进行了该矿石的选矿试验研究.结果表明,在矿石磨矿细度为-74μm占72%、铅精选1精矿再磨细度为-45μm占80%的情况下,经1粗3精3扫流程选铅、1粗3精3扫流程选锌,获得了铅品位为46.17%、含银2158.00 g/t、铅回收率为82.54%、银回收率为75.62%的铅精矿,锌品位为54.68%、含银45.07 g/t、锌回收率为81.15%、银回收率为6.85%的锌精矿.

In order to simplify process and reduce beneficiation cost,the cationic reverse flotation tests using the flotation column to the magnetic concentrate from a magnetite and hematite mixed iron ore processing plant were carried out.The conditions and process tests of the column cationic reverse flotation were done.The results showed that a final iron concentrate with TFe grade of 66.07％ and iron recovery of 69.82％ was obtained according to the flowsheet of two roughings,one cleaning and one scavengings using GE4509 and the packed micro-bubble countercurrent contacting flotation column from the mixed magnetic concentrate feeding with iron grade of 39.89％,which realized the target of simplifying flotation reagent system and reducing flotation cost.

The iron ore from Mongolia has a sulfur content of 3.93 ％.So a mineral processing test was conducted for reducing the sulfur content in the iron concentrate.It adopted a flowsheet of low-intensity magnetic separation-floatation.The results showed that an iron concentrate with a TFe grade of 66.52％,sulfur content of 3.44％ was achieved with the grinding size being-0.074mm 55％.In the desulfurization tests,the iron concentrate is regrounded with the grinding size being-0.074mm 65％.Using sulfuric acid and copper sulfate as regulators and butyl xanthate as collector,and using a reverse flotation flowsheet of one roughing and four cleanings,an iron concentrate of sulfur content at 0.35％ was could obtained.

为了简化流程,降低成本,以淀粉为抑制剂,GE-609为捕收剂,对司家营铁矿选矿厂的混磁精矿进行了阳离子反浮选降硅试验研究.试验中采用二因素二水平的正交试验考查了抑制剂及捕收剂用量对反浮选效果的影响,最后确定的药剂制度为粗选淀粉用量1500g/t,GE-609用量300 g/t.闭路流程试验结果表明,采用一次粗选、一次精选、两次扫选的浮选流程,可获得品位65.10％、回收率85.39％的铁精矿,尾矿品位降至11.91％,实现了低成本条件下的资源高效回收.

Beneficiation process indexes of Yanshan iron ore are briefly introduced and main reasons for flotation cost remaining at high level are analyzed.Corresponding measures are put forward,which is referential to optimization of oxidized ore flotation process.

随着人们生活质量的不断提高，人们对于教育行业的关注程度越来越高，特别是技术性相对比较强的专业。在中国快速发展的基础上，对于技术型人才的需求量越来越大，选矿测试技术是矿物加工专业看重的专业课程。煤炭，铁、铜等矿物是现在国家比较需要的资源，所以也就需要很多矿业相关的专业化人才，只有在技术上专业化，才能有更高的收益。文章主要阐述了选矿测试教学的现状，分析了选矿测试教学中存在的问题，并且具体的探究了选矿测试教学的改革措施。

There are disadvantages of complex reagent system,and the pulp need to be warmed in Iron Plant of Sijiaying, Hebei Iron Steel Group Mining Co. ,Ltd. ,for using NaOH,starch,lime,GK-68 as pH regulator,depressor,activator,collector respectively in anionic reverse flotation technology to deal with the mixed concentrate of both low and high intensity magnetic separation. Therefore,GE-609,a cationic collector,developed by Wuhan University of Technology is chosen from HYS-2,anoth-er cationic collector,developed by Central South University,for cationic reverse flotation test on mixed magnetic concentrate from Sijiaying Iron Plant. The comparison test on the cationic reverse flotation was carried out by simulating the on-site process and reagent system. The results show that iron concentrate with iron grade of 65. 37% and recovery of 84. 10% was obtained by using GE-609 and only one reagent-starch with the original process at room temperature,while iron concentrate with iron grade of 65. 55% and recovery of 79. 44% was received by simulating anionic reverse flotation at 40 ℃. Obviously,the cationic re-verse flotation with GE-609 can achieve the goal of flotation in room temperature and simplifying the reagent system,and greatly improve the iron recovery.

采用阶段磨矿-弱磁获精-强磁抛尾-反浮选流程对某低品位微细粒嵌布赤铁矿进行了选矿工艺试验研究.结果表明:在入选原矿品位TFe 24.07％、第一段磨矿细度-0.074 mm占50％、第二段磨矿细度-0.074 mm占95％的条件下,可获得产率21.96％、品位65.90％、回收率60.04％的最终综合精矿.

According to the advantages of the packed flotation column, the packed micro-bubble countercurrent contacting flotation column was applied to the reverse flotation experiments of a hematite. Based on the conditional experiments for operation parameters and reagent system, the flotation process of one roughing, one cleaning and one scavenging was determined. The separation indexes with iron concentrate grade of 67.05% and tailings grade of 11.25% were achieved from the mixed magnetic concentrate feeding with iron grade of 42.15%, which offered references for application of the packed flotation column to flotation of hematite.