In order to study the vertical combustion characteristicsof thin cotton with two faces exposed to air, experiments with the cotton that the length and width are 1.3 m and 1.8 m respectively were carried out on our own experimental platform. The simple model of the vertical combustion of thin cotton was established. The change of mass loss rate with time was divided into 4 stages, and the fitting formula of first three stages was proposed. The ver-tical spread of fire was divided into 4 regions of burn out region, burning region, flame heating region and upper flame heating re-gion. The change of height of burn mark with time in burn out re-gion and burning region was proposed by fitting formula. The re-sults showed that the vertical combustion of thin cotton was accel-eratedat first and deceleratedlater. The initial burn marks is re-verse"V"shape, and then developed into a"U"shape, and gradual-ly become the "V" shape. The quality changes can be divided into three stages. The three stages of mass loss follow the law of accel-eration firstly and deceleration then. The maximum surface temper-ature of vertical combustion process was 618℃. Burn marks spread can be divided into two areas that is correspond to the first two re-gions of the material quality change, and the upward burning rate of the material is directly related to the temperature.

To study transverse temperature distribution of fire zone in subway fire, an entity tunnel model is established by fire dynamics simulation software FDS to simulate transverse temperature distribution away from fire source 0 m, 0.5 m in different fire powers. The results showed that: fire power is closely related to the temperature of the surface of the lining, the greater the power, lining temperature higher at the same location. At the same time the highest temperature of lining in the fire zone is in the top, followed by bottom, the lowest central. So we should thicken the thickness of the protective layer of reinforced in the top during tunnel construction and anti-fire design, at the same time, cabling should be possible to set up in the central to prevent heat damage. A fitting formula determining the transverse temperature distribution of radiation zone and convection zone was developed by the dimensionless temperature treatment. It has high accuracy and mostly within 10% error, can be well applied into engineering.

搭建实验平台,研究EPS保温板的竖向燃烧特性.结果表明:点火开始后,EPS保温板被点燃前会出现倒V形融痕,并伴随有少量烟气和烧焦味的气体;点燃后,火焰在竖向快速蔓延,并伴随大量浓烟、刺激性气体和大量融滴.通过对EPS保温板点燃后的热释放速率研究得到:其点燃后的燃烧可分为发展燃烧阶段和竖向全面燃烧阶段,通过拟合曲线分析和计算,得到发展燃烧阶段的热释放速率与时间成正比关系,处于热释放速率增长阶段;竖向全面燃烧阶段的热释放速率为170.354 kW,热释放速率趋于稳定.

通过对储煤场煤堆火灾危险性进行分析,并结合大涡场模拟软件FDS对不同防火间距的储煤场煤堆火灾数值模拟.通过研究发现,封闭式储煤场内煤堆发生火灾时,着火建筑内不同高度处的热辐射通量由低至高逐渐增强,且符合指数函数关系,并推断出火场内热辐射主要来自着火煤堆和火灾产生的高温烟气.提出此类建筑内煤堆在分堆堆放的同时还应控制煤堆高度以保证火灾时安全的建议.

火灾热释放速率是消防设计领域和规范制定的重要影响因素.为了研究通风因子对火灾热释放速率的影响,采用FDS 5计算机场模拟软件进行数值模拟.模拟所设房间尺寸为5.0 m×4.0m×3.0m,使用的可燃物为聚氨酯泡沫材料,分12种工况进行模拟.得出在通风因子较小的情况下,火灾热释放速率随着通风因子的增大而增大,但随着通风因子的增加影响逐渐减小.根据氧耗原理得到用通风因子计算最大热释放速率的公式,根据模拟结果对公式进行优化.

以某万达综合体建筑为例,分析其防火设计难点,针对难点提出防火分区划分和安全疏散策略,并采用性能化防火设计的方法验证其可行性.借助FDS和Building-Exodus软件模拟的方法验证在首层设计避难走道是可行的,且避难走道的最佳加压送风速率为1.2 m/s,最适宽度为楼梯宽度的70％左右,并针对潜在的危险提出了增设档烟垂壁、地面蓄光疏散指示标志及采用内凹式门等解决策略.