目的 系统评价中国青少年心理亚健康状态的检出率及分布特征,为了解我国青少年心理亚健康状态情况提供参考.方法 通过计算机检索中英文数据库,筛选2008年1月-2020年3月关于我国青少年心理亚健康状态检出率的文献,采用随机效应模型合并青少年心理亚健康状态的检出率,并对性别、年级、地区及时间分组指标进行亚组分析.结果 有17篇文献被纳入本研究,合计样本量为63060人,青少年心理亚健康状态检出率为15.50％ (95％CI:13.04％～18.31％).亚组分析显示,我国青少年心理亚健康状态,高中生的检出率最高(18.99％),大学生检出率最低(9.52％),初中生居中(14.03％).2016-2020年检出率最高(16.75％),2011-2015年检出率居中(16.38％),2008-2010年检出率最少(11.46％).结论 我国青少年心理亚健康状态检出率较高,且在年级及时间分布上存在差异,应引起重视.

目的:了解高中生家庭亲密度、适应性与心理亚健康的关系,为促进青少年心理健康提供依据.方法:抽取山东省某市1286名高中生,利用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷、家庭亲密度和适应性量表中文版进行问卷调查.结果:女生在家庭亲密度上显著高于男生(t=-2.38,P＜0.05),重点学校、城市学生及独生子女在家庭亲密度和适应性上均高于普通学校、农村学生及非独生子女(t = 3.76,3.22,2.75,2.68,2.21,2.39;P＜0.05);极端型家庭学生心理亚健康症状数最多,中间型家庭学生心理亚健康症状数次之,而平衡型家庭心理亚健康症状数最少;心理亚健康症状数与家庭亲密度和适应性得分呈显著负相关(r =-0.370,-0.349;P＜0.05).结论:心理亚健康状态与家庭亲密度和适应性存在关联.

Objective:To explore the teaching efficacy of case-based learning method in psychological health education.Methods:From March 2015 to June 2018, a total of 413 students, from 17 specialities of Shandong University, were randomly divided into study group with case-based learning method and control group without case-based learning method for psychological health education. They were assessed by a self-designed questionnaire for teaching efficacy.Results:There were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in the necessity of courses 55.3% (115/208) vs 39.5% (81/205), the understanding of mental health 60.1% (125/208) vs 38.5% (79/205), and the degree of application of knowledge 56.7% (118/208) vs 40% (82/205) (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The case-based learning improves students' understanding and acceptance of mental health knowledge, and improves students' enthusiasm for learning mental health knowledge.

目的 探讨CYP2D6基因多态性与利培酮治疗精神分裂症的相关性.方法 共计收集296例精神分裂症患者,并进行CYP2D6基因多态性检测.根据检测结果,将98例检测结果08CYP2D6基因检测为TT、10CYP2D6基因检测为GG、06CYP2D6基因检测为CC,基因型分析结果为*10/*10,代谢型为IM的患者视为研究组,将198例其他基因型的患者视为对照组,均应用利培酮系统治疗,共6周.在基线和治疗后第2、4、6周末使用阳性和阴性综合征量表(PANSS)、临床总体印象量表-病情严重程度(CGI-SI)、治疗中需处理的不良反应症状量表(TESS)评定疗效和安全性.结果 在治疗后第6周末,研究组的利培酮用量低于对照组(P<0.05).治疗后第4、6周末,两组CGI评分、PANSS总分及各因子分均较各自基线时降低(P<0.05).在治疗后第2、4、6周末,研究组的TESS评分及不良反应例次数均低于对照组(P<0.05).在治疗后第6周末,研究组的总不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 CYP2D6基因多态性检测结果:08CYP2D6基因检测为TT、10CYP2D6基因检测为GG、06CYP2D6基因检测为CC、基因型分析结果为*10/*10,代谢型为IM的精神分裂症患者选用利培酮系统治疗,可取得较好的临床疗效,更低的药物治疗剂量,更高的治疗安全性.

Objective To explore the relationship among aggressive behavior and family environment,self-esteem in adolescents. Methods A total of 1 047 adolescents were selected and assessed with Buss-Warren Aggression Questionnaire Revised in China(AQ) ,Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version(FES-CV) and Self-esteem Scale(SES) . According to the results of AQ,all subjects were divided into study group for adolescents with aggressive behavior and control group for adolescents without aggressive behavior. Results It was 10. 70％ for the relevance ratio of aggressive behavior in all subjects and the relevance ratio of aggressive behavior in boys was significantly higher than that in girls(P < 0. 05) . The factor scores of conflict, control of FES-CV in study group were all significantly higher than those in control group(P < 0. 05) ,and the factor scores of cohesion,expressiveness of FES-CV in study group were all significantly lower than those in control group(P < 0. 05) . The total score of SES in study group was significantly lower than that in control group(P < 0. 05) . In study group,all factor scores of AQ were positively correlated with the factor scores of conflict,control of FES-CV(P < 0. 05) and negatively correlated with the factor scores of cohesion,expressiveness of FES-CV(P < 0. 05) . In study group,all factor scores of AQ were negatively correlated with the total score of SES(P < 0. 05) . Conclusion It's serious for the aggressive behavior in adolescents,which is related to their family environment and self-esteem.

Objective To investigate the state of subjective life quality and self-consciousness of left-behind children in the rural area of Zaozhuang City,in order to provide theoretical foundation for the improvement of left-behind children's life quality and mental health.Methods Inventory of Subjective Life Quality (ISLQ) and Piers-Harris Children's Self-consciousness Scale (PHCSS) were adopted to investigate left-behind children (n =429,the left-behind group)and non-left-behind children (n =510,non-left-behind group) from three rural primary schools in Zaozhuang.Results The total score and scores of some factors of ISLQ,and the total score of PHCSS of the left-behind group were significantly lower than those of the non-left-behind group (P ＜ 0.05).The total score of ISLQ and its factors were positively correlated with the total score of PHCSS and its factors (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Compared with non-left-behind children,the left-behind children have poorer subjective life quality and lower level of self-consciousness,and the subjective life quality is closely correlated with self-consciousness.

Objective To explore the differences of clinical medications between children and adults with schizophrenia.Methods A total of 165 children and adolescents with schizophrenia and 165 adults with schizophrenia were selected and analyzed with medications and efficacv.Results There were risperidone,olanzapine,amisulpride,quetiapine and aripiprazole for the top 5 kinds of antipsychotic drugs as the single antipsychotics of medications in two groups.The dose of olanzapine in children and adolescents was significantly higher than that in adults (P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of combination of antipsychotics in children and adolescents was significantly higher than that in adults (P ＜ 0.05).The equivalent dose of risperidone combined with olanzapine in children and adolescents was significantly higher than that in adults (P ＜ 0.05).There was no difference for the outcomes of efficacy between two groups(P ＞ 0.05);and there was no difference for the outcomes of efficacy among different medication regimens between two groups(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion It's similar for the status of antipsychotics between children and adults with schizophrenia and it is common for the combination of antipsychotics in the children.

目的 了解枣庄市亚健康状态高中生的学校适应能力和人格特征,为高中生心理行为干预研究提供依据.方法 采用方便抽样的方法抽取山东省枣庄市1 288名高中生,利用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷、高中生学校适应量表、大五人格问卷对调查对象进行问卷调查.结果 高中生亚健康状态检出率为27.8％,其中躯体、心理和身心亚健康状态的检出率分别为7.7％,10.2％和9.9％.亚健康者的学校适应能力明显低于健康者,且人格特征与健康者差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).多元线性回归分析结果显示,影响躯体亚健康的主要因素为学习适应、学校态度、集体适应、同伴关系和神经质,影响心理亚健康的主要因素为学习适应、师生亲密、同伴关系、神经质和宜人性,影响身心亚健康的主要因素为学习适应、情绪适应、同伴关系、神经质和开放性(P值均＜0.05).结论 高中生亚健康状态检出率较高,亚健康状态与学校适应及人格特征有一定的关系.

目的 探讨分离性障碍患者在静息状态下的大脑功能网络特征.方法 6例分离性障碍患者(研究组)及6例健康对照(对照组)进行静息态功能磁共振扫描,采用基于体素的全脑功能连接网络分析方法对患者及对照组的大脑功能网络连接数据进行比较.结果 研究组后扣带回(PCC)感兴趣区前额叶的激活低于对照组,右侧顶下小叶、右侧额叶、右侧小脑后叶、左侧小脑后叶以及小脑扁桃体与脑干部位存在脑功能连接强度的减低.结论 分离性障碍患者脑内某些脑区存在静息态功能连接异常,静息功能MRI可望为分离性障碍的诊断及发病机制研究提供支持.

Objective To explore the relationship between self-esteem,personality,life events and school adjustment in senior high school students.Methods A total of 1 229 senior high school students were investigated with Scale of School Adjustment for High School Students (SSAHSS),Scale of Self-esteem for High School Students (SSHSS),Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five-factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and Multidimensional Life Events Rating Questionnaire for Middle School Students (MLERQ).Results According to the scores of SSAHSS,the senior high school students were selected into two groups with the critical ratio,high school adjustment group and low school adjustment group.The academic self-esteem,interpersonal self-esteem and social self-esteem dimension scores of SSHSS in high school adjustment group were all significantly higher than those in low school adjustment group (P ＜ 0.05).The extroversion,openness and caution dimension scores of NEO-FFI in high school adjustment group were all significantly higher than those in low school adjustment group (P ＜ 0.05),and the neuroticism dimension score of NEO-FFI in high school adjustment group was significantly lower than that in low school adjustment group (P ＜ 0.05).The peer relationship,school life dimension scores and total score of MLERQ in high school adjustment group were all significantly lower than those in low school adjustment group (P ＜ 0.05).The total score of SSAHSS in all subjects were positively correlated to the academic self-esteem and social self-esteem dimension scores of SSHSS,as to the extroversion,caution and openness dimension scores of NEO-FFI(P ＜ 0.05),but negatively correlated to neuroticism dimension score of NEO-FFI,and all dimension scores and total score of MLERQ (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion School maladjustment may be correlated to low self-esteem,high neuroticism personality and negative life events in the senior high school students.

Objective: To explore the association between male adult alcohol dependence and their adverse childhood experiences as well as ecological executive function.Methods: The questionnaires of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A) were adopted for the assessments of 102 alcohol dependent patients who were diagnosed according to the criteria defined by the International Classification of diseases and related health problems (ICD-10) and 106 healthy volunteers, and the differences between patients and healthy volunteers were analyzed.Results: The percentage of adverse childhood experiences in alcohol dependent patients was significantly higher than that in healthy volunteers (chi(2) = 17.28, P < 0.01); and the incidences of emotional abuse, physical neglect, violence witness, and substance abuse were significantly higher in alcohol dependent patients than those in healthy volunteers (chi(2) = 4.59, 4.46, 10.51, and 44.09 respectively; P < 0.05). The ecological executive function analysis showed that the BRIEF total score and scores for each item were all significantly higher in alcohol dependent patients than those of healthy volunteers (P < 0.01).Conclusions: The adult alcohol dependence was associated with their adverse childhood experiences and ecological executive function. Then physical neglect and substance abuse of parents in childhood, and emotional control defect in the ecological executive function showed strong association with adult alcohol dependence. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Objective To explore the correlation between the personality traits and social behavior mode of schizophrenic patients in remission stage.Methods 111 patients with schizophrenia in remission stage (study group)and 125 healthy subjects (control group)were assessed with NEO Personality Inventory-Revised edition (NEO-PI-R),Interpersonal Trust Scale (ITS)and Security Questionnaire (SQ).The correlation of big five personality traits with interpersonal trust and sense of security were analyzed between the two groups.Results Score of C dimension of NEO-PI-R in study group was significantly lower than that in control group (P <0.05).In study group,score of N dimension of NEO-PI-R was significantly positively correlated with factor score of special trust of ITS (P =0.031),while score of A dimension was significantly negatively correlated with factor score of special trust (P =0.001 ).Scores of O dimension and A dimension of NEO-PI-R in study group were significantly positively correlated with factor score of universal trust of ITS (P <0.05 ).Factor score of interpersonal safety of SQ was significantly negatively correlated with N dimension (P =0.000)and was significantly positively correlated with A and C dimensions (P <0.05 )of NEO-PI-R in study group.Factor score of determine control of SQ was significantly negatively correlated with N dimension (P =0.000)and was significantly positively correlated with O,A,C dimensions of NEO-PI-R (P <0.05).Conclusion The personality characteristics of schizophrenic patients in remission stage is related to their social behavior mode.

Objective To explore the correlation between psychological health status and perception of social supports in work-injured patients undergoing rehabilitation.Methods 57 work-injured patients undergoing rehabilitation were assessed with Symptom Checklist-90 items (SCL-90)and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS).Results The incidence of psychological problem was 71.9%.Total score and all factor scores of SCL-90 were significantly negatively correlated with all factor scores of PSSS (P <0.05),but no significant correlation was found between supports outside family and interpersonal sensitivity (P >0.05).Conclusion The psychological health status is poor in work-injured patients undergoing rehabilitation,which is correlated with their social supports.

Objective To explore the relationship of depressive symptoms and personality,social support in patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomi(LC).Methods A total of 316 patients after LC were involved in this study.The patients were divided into two groups according to Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD),102 patients with depressive symptoms in study group and 214 patients without depressive symptoms in control group.They were all assessed with HAMD,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ)and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS)for relationship between depressive symptoms and personality, social support.Results It’s 32.28% for the detection rates of depressive symptoms in patients after LC.On EPQ,the scores of E dimension in study group were significantly lower and the scores of N dimension significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.05).On SSRS,the scores of objective support,subjective support and availability in study group were all significantly lower than those in control group(P <0.05).Conclusion It’s high for the rates of depressive symptoms in the patients after LC and the depressive symptoms of the patients are related to their personality and social support.

目的 探讨低频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)改善老年期慢性酒精中毒患者认知功能的效果.方法 将120例老年期慢性酒精中毒患者随机分为研究组和对照组,研究组接受系统的rTMS治疗,对照组不接受,共4w.在基线及治疗后应用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评定患者的认知状况.结果 治疗后,研究组MoCA各因子评分及总分均显著高于基线评分和对照组(均P＜0.05).治疗前后,对照组MoCA各因子评分及总分无显著性差异(P＞0.05).治疗后,研究组未见明显不良反应.结论 rTMS可改善老年期慢性酒精中毒患者的认知功能,安全性高.

Objective: To explore the present status of subjective well-being and its relationships with social support and self-esteem in rural junior high students. Methods: A total of 688 junior high school students from Jinan countryside were assessed with Subjective Well-being Scale for Adolescent, Social Support Scale and Self-esteem Scale. Results:The life satisfaction and positive emotion of the rural students were above the middle level, and the score rate were 72.4%and 61.6% respectively. Self-esteem and social support were both positively correlated with life satisfaction and positive emotion(r=0.104-0.392, P<0.01), but negatively correlated with negative emotion(r=-0.108-0.294, P<0.01). Self-esteem played a partial mediating effect between social support and life satisfaction, positive emotion and negative emotion. Conclusion: The subjective well-being of rural junior high school students is above the middle level, and correlated with social supportandself-esteem.Self-esteem also plays a roleasamediator between social support and subjective well-being.

Objective To explore the personal risk factors on suicidal ideation and their affective path in junior high students.Methods After intervention of 1815 junior high students,a total of 330 students with suicidal ideation were screened out.In order to find the effects of the personal risk factors,a path analysis was administered on them.Results The personal risk factors of suicidal ideation in junior high students included depression,anxiety,neuroticism,psychoticism,introversion,attitude towards suicide,attitude towards victim of suicide and their relatives,emotional and social loneliness,difficulty to fall sleep,lack of energy during daytime,etc..The influences of these risk factors on suicidal ideation might be direct or indirect.Conclusion The personal risk factors may influence suicidal ideation not only directly,but also indirectly by other mediators.

Objective To explore the relationship between suicide ideation and personality traits in Junior high students.Methods A total of 1815 junior high students were selected by convenience group sampling and investigated by Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation-Chinese Version and Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire-Child/Adolescent Version.Results The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 18.18% in the subjects.The score of neuroticism,psychoticism or lie was significantly higher in students with suicidal ideation than that in students without suicidal ideation(P0.01),and the score of extraversion was significantly lower in students with suicidal ideation than that in students without suicidal ideation.The score of suicidal ideation was positively correlated with the score of neuroticism,psychoticism and lie,and negatively correlated with the score of extraversion.Conclusion The suicidal ideation in junior high students is related with the traits of their personality.Unhealthy personality traits may play an important role in the emerging of suicidal ideation.

目的 探讨精神科住院患者猝死的相关因素.方法 抽取1981年12月～2011年12月在烟台市心理康复医院住院精神病猝死者病历资料进行回顾性分析.结果 30年间猝死患者29例,猝死率为0.65％,新入院者、病程5年以上、住院1个月内且治疗无效的猝死较多,62.1％伴有躯体疾病,药物使用频度前4位为:氟哌啶醇注射液、氯氮平片、氯丙嗪片、舒必利注射液,合并用药18例(62.1％),猝死日小剂量用药者19例(65.52％).结论 住院精神患者猝死与精神药物、合并躯体疾病、精神疾病本身有关.

目的探讨癫痫发作患者的抑郁症状与人格、社会支持的关系。方法选择455例癫痫发作患者,伴有抑郁症状的162例患者为研究组,而无抑郁症状的293例患者为对照组,采用抑郁自评量表、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)及社会支持评定量表(SSRS)进行问卷调查。结果癫痫发作患者抑郁症状的检出率为35.60%。研究组EPQ的E维度、L维度因子评分显著低于对照组(t分别为-4.62、3.56,P均<0.05),而研究组的N维度因子评分显著高于对照组(t=5.02,P<0.05)。研究组SSRS的客观支持、主观支持、利用度因子评分均显著低于对照组(t分别为6.91、4.96、10.15,P均<0.05)。结论癫痫发作患者的抑郁症状与其人格特征及社会支持等因素有关。