The competency of specialist nurse clinical educators is crucial for the effectiveness of specialist nurse training programmes. However, variability in teaching competency and training needs among educators remains insufficiently studied, especially in the context of rapidly evolving healthcare education in China. This study aimed to identify distinct core competency profiles among clinical educators for specialist nurses, examine associated socio-demographic factors, and explore differences in training needs across profiles. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 3,945 specialist nurse clinical educators from 30 Chinese regions. The Chinese version of the Nurse Educator Core Competency Scale (NECCS) and a self-developed training needs questionnaire were used. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) identified competency subgroups, while multinomial logistic regression and Kruskal–Wallis tests examined associated variables and training needs. Latent Profile Analysis identified three competency profiles: foundational (8.6

Good foot care knowledge and behaviour are very important to prevent the occurrence of diabetic foot, but there are few reports on the foot care knowledge and behaviour of older people with diabetes in the community. The purpose of this study was to understand the foot care knowledge and behaviour of older people with type 2 diabetes in Beijing community, and analyse its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for further intervention. We investigated 254 older people with type 2 diabetes in Xinjiekou community, Beijing, including their general information, chronic complications, foot care knowledge and behaviour. The results showed that the average scores of foot care knowledge and behaviour were 73.38 ± 12.25 and 49.70 ± 8.70, respectively. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the factors affecting the total score of foot nursing knowledge of older people with diabetes in community were gender, duration of diabetes and whether they had received foot nursing education (p < 0.05). The factors influencing the total score of foot nursing behaviour were gender, duration of disease, whether they had received foot nursing education and peripheral vascular disease (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the knowledge of foot care of older people with diabetes in community is in the middle level, and the foot care behaviour is not optimistic. Community healthcare workers can improve patients' knowledge of foot care and improve their compliance with foot care behaviour through foot care health education. At the same time, we should pay more attention to men, those with a shorter duration of diabetes and diabetic patients with peripheral vascular disease to reduce the occurrence of diabetic foot.

BACKGROUND:Diabetic foot is one of the important causes of disability and death in diabetic patients, and effective measures can reduce or prevent the occurrence of diabetic foot, among which, the screening of diabetic high-risk foot helps to identify the risk groups that may progress to diabetic foot, and targeted intervention for this group of people can effectively reduce the prevalence of diabetic foot and the incidence of adverse consequences. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the occurrence of high-risk foot with type 2 diabetes in elderly people in a community in Beijing and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for preventing the occurrence of diabetic foot. METHODS:269 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in Xinjiekou community of Beijing were selected for foot examination by convenient sampling, and the high-risk foot was classified according to the international Diabetic Foot Working Group grading system. RESULTS:The detection rate of high risk foot of type 2 diabetes was 51.7%. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age, glycosylated hemoglobin, hyperlipidemia, insulin therapy, and diabetic retinopathy were independent influencing factors for the occurrence of diabetic High-risk foot. CONCLUSION:The incidence of high-risk foot in elderly type 2 diabetes patients is high in this community. Community health care workers should pay attention to elderly diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia, insulin therapy, high glycated hemoglobin, and diabetic retinopathy to reduce the occurrence of foot ulcers.

Objective To compare the reliability and validity of the Short Form-36 Health Survey（SF-36） and Euro Quality of Life Five-Dimensional Questionnaire（EQ-5D） in assessing the quality of life of patients with chronic wounds and the similarities and differences of their assessment on different dimensions. Methods Using convenience sampling,chronic wound patients treated in the wound center of a tertiary A hospital in Beijing from July 2019 to February 2022 were selected. The demographic data and disease related data were collected by a self-designed questionnaire. The patients’ quality of life was investigated by SF-36 and EQ-5D. Current situation of chronic wound patients’ quality of life were explored. By comparison of the 2 questionnaires,internal consistency,score correlation and score differences of patients grouped by the wound characteristics were compared and analyzed. Results A total of 144 patients were included in this study. The Physical Component Summary of SF-36was 224.52±94.36,and the Mental Component Summary was 282.88±90.77. EQ-5D utility score was 0.73±0.23,and the score of EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale was 72.90 ±20.60. The Cronbach’s α of SF-36 subscales and EQ-5D were 0.694 ～0.957 and 0.757,respectively,and the scores were significantly correlated（P ＜0.001）. Significant differences in SF-36 and EQ-5D scores were found among patients with different self-reporting wound changes（P＜0.05）. There were also statistically significant differences in EQ-5D scores among patients with different wound types,wound exudation volume and pain grades（P＜0.05）. Conclusion The quality of life in patients with chronic wounds is low,and the physical health is more significantly impaired. Both SF-36 and EQ-5D have good reliability and validity in assessing the quality of life of patients with chronic wounds. SF-36 is more comprehensive in assessing both physical and mental dimensions,and EQ-5D focuses mainly on physical dimension. Besides,EQ-5D is shorter and thus time-saving,and could better reflect different wound characteristics. Researchers are recommended to make the selection according to their research purposes and specific needs.

With the development of medical technology, the survival rate of cancer patients continues to improve, and the number of stoma patients is increasing day by day. Self-management refers to patients monitoring and managing their own diseases to maintain and improve physical health. Good self-management ability can enhance patient treatment compliance, reduce the incidence of stoma and surrounding complications, improve health outcomes, and raise patient quality of life. This article reviews the research progress on self-management of stoma patients, with the aim of providing reference for research on self-management of stoma patients.

Objective:To explore the current status and influencing factors of self-care ability in patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 160 patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit who visited the Urostomy Clinic of Peking University First Hospital from October 2021 to March 2022 were selected as the research objects. Patients were surveyed using a general information survey questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and Urostomy Education Scale. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between social support and self-care in patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of self-care ability in patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit. A total of 160 questionnaires were sent out, and 157 were effectively collected, with an effective recovery rate of 98.13% (157/160) .Results:The total score of Urostomy Education Scale of 157 patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit was [20.00 (4.00, 21.00) ]. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status, comorbidities, stoma and peristomal complications, frequency of follow up in urostomy clinic and objective support were the influenting factors for self-care of patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Self-care of patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit is related to many factors. Medical staff should strengthen the intervention and management of patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit from multiple aspects such as individual and social function, so as to improve their self-care ability.

医护人员为患者安全发声是临床工作的重要组成部分,也是实现患者安全的重要保证.文章从为患者安全发声的定义及作用、影响因素、促进策略等方面综述相关研究进展,以期为国内为患者安全发声的现况调查及实践提供依据,为构建患者安全文化,完善患者安全管理制度,保证患者安全提供参考.

We aimed to translate the 17-item questionnaire to measure the quality of life of patients with chronic wounds (Wound-QoL-17) and verify its reliability and validity in the Chinese population. The standard Chinese version of the Wound-QoL-17 was determined through translation, back translation, and cultural adaptation. A total of 121 patients with chronic wounds from the wound center of a tertiary hospital in Beijing were recruited. Through a questionnaire and physical examination, we tested the criterion-related validity, known group validity, structural validity, internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach's alpha), and test-retest correlation. A new structure of four factors was extracted by exploratory factor analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate was 72.23%. The total score and that of the four factors, which were significantly correlated with the EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D) and the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) (P < 0.05), also showed statistically significant differences between patients with different pain grades, with or without wound odour, and between different groups of patients reporting wound changes in the past 2 weeks. Cronbach's alpha was between 0.779 and 0.906, while the test-retest reliability was between 0.532 and 0.802. We concluded that the Chinese Wound-QoL-17 has good reliability and validity and is suitable for evaluating the quality of life of patients with chronic wounds.

目的 构建国内专科护士同质化培训管理方案,探讨应用效果,以提升专科护士的培训质量.方法 2020年1月—2021年12月,采用方便抽样法,选取中华护理学会2021年专科护士培训班学员作为试验组,2020年专科护士培训班学员作为对照组,两组学员涉及全国31个省(区、市)的3300所医院.试验组采取同质化培训管理方案,对照组采取常规培训管理方案,比较两组的培训效果及学员满意度.结果 试验组培训人数为6012名,对照组为4619名.试验组理论考核成绩为(84.14±5.12)分,对照组为(79.66±8.36)分,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(t=-32.133,P<0.001);试验组操作考核成绩为(94.24±3.58)分,对照组为(90.70±5.21)分,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(t=-39.637,P<0.001).试验组理论培训满意度调查问卷和临床实践满意度调查问卷总分为(75.00±1.38)和(72.53±0.92)分,均高于对照组(P<0.001).结论 实施同质化管理能够有效提高专科护士培训质量,提升学员满意度.严格落实同质化管理策略,对推动全国专科护士培训高质量发展具有重要作用.

Background: Patients transferred from the respiratory intensive care unit (ICU) can experience post eintensive care syndrome (PICS), which comprises cognitive, psychological, and physical disorders that seriously affect the quality of life. Therefore, it was necessary to explore the incidence of and the risk factors for PICS among respiratory ICU patients. Objectives: This study evaluated PICS among respiratory ICU patients and explored the risk factors for PICS. Methods: This cross-sectional, prospective study was performed at one hospital in China. Using convenience sampling, 125 respiratory ICU patients from August 2018 to June 2019 were recruited for the study. The Mini-Mental State Examination, Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Medical Research Council Scale, activities of daily living scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the 14-item fatigue scale were used to comprehensively assess the patients' cognitive status, psychological status, and physiological status when entering the ICU and 2 weeks after leaving the ICU. Factors affecting PICS were measured using researcher-created questionnaires of patients' general information and disease-related information. Results: Fifteen patients were lost to follow-up. Fifty-nine patients had PICS (incidence rate, 53.6%). Logistic regression showed that risk factors for PICS were age, invasive mechanical ventilation, noninvasive ventilator-assisted ventilation, and coronary heart disease (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The PICS incidence was high. Older age, longer invasive mechanical ventilation times, longer noninvasive ventilator times, and coronary heart disease were risk factors for PICS. ICU medical workers in China should pay more attention on PICS, know the risk factors, and implement preventive measures. (c) 2022 Australian College of Critical Care Nurses Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

目的 通过问卷调查的方法,分析全国 16 个省市 102 所医院患者参与患者安全实践及管理的现状和存在问题,为护理管理者制定管理举措提供决策依据.方法 选取全国 16 个省和直辖市的 102 所医院,在回顾大量国内外相关文献的基础上自制问卷进行网络调查.调查内容包含医疗机构的一般情况、患者参与患者安全的管理现状及护理实践情况.结果 我国各地区、各级各类医院在促进患者参与患者安全实施方面核心管理举措存在差异,西部地区在制度建设及教育培训方面与其他地区存在显著差异(P＜0.01);在组织体系、制度建设、教育培训 3 个方面呈现的趋势为三级医院优于二级及以下医院,综合医院优于专科医院(P＜0.05).患者参与患者安全的护理实践主要集中在参与安全核查、手术安全、药物使用、安全事件预防及改进、照护决策及沟通等重点护理环节.结论 我国患者参与患者安全的相关工作虽然已广泛开展,各医院患者的参与程度不同,目前尚未形成相关的工作规范及标准化管理策略,需进行深入的研究及探索.

Objective:To investigate the training willingness of nursing management qualification certification of hospital nursing managers, so as to provide reference for relevant departments and personnel.Methods:The convenient sampling was used to conduct a self-designed questionnaire survey on nursing managers and training intentions of nursing management qualification certification in secondary and above hospitals in Beijing from March 2019 to January 2020, and its influencing factors were analyzed. In this study, 100 questionnaires were distributed in the pre-experiment, and 98 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 98.0%. During the formal study, 930 questionnaires were distributed and 920 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 98.9%.Results:A total of 920 nurse managers were investigated. Only 212 (23.0%) managers mastered or were proficient in nursing management, and most of them were greater than or equal to 35 years old (χ 2=12.326, P<0.01) , worked for more than 20 years (χ 2=22.376, P<0.01) , and chief head nurse or above position levels (χ 2=7.079, P=0.008) . 722 (78.5%) managers were in great demands of nursing management knowledge, especially those under the age of 35 (χ 2=4.064, P=0.044) , with bachelor 's degree or above levels (χ 2=4.520, P=0.033) , working within 20 years (χ 2=9.332, P=0.002) , and chief head nurse or above position levels (χ 2=5.499, P=0.019) . 879 (95.5%) managers were willing to participate in nursing management qualification certification training, especially those with a bachelor 's degree or above levels (χ 2=6.372, P=0.012) and worked within 20 years (χ 2=18.174, P<0.001) . Conclusions:Hospital nursing managers, especially those with low seniority, have high demand for nursing management knowledge and desire for qualification certification training. Nursing management qualification certification training courses should be set up scientifically, ensure quality and authority and be appropriately adjusted according to the training objects.

目的 探讨安宁疗护专科护士培训课程线上教学的方法与效果.方法 以安宁疗护专科护士需求为导向,应用理论分析、文献研究和专家小组会议等方法设计安宁疗护专科护士培训课程线上教学内容,并对线上教学效果进行调查分析.结果 2020年—2021年,共有615名学员接受线上教学.604名学员参加考核,603名学员考核合格;线上教学满意度(满分85分)评分为82.0(73.0,85.0)分.结论 安宁疗护专科护士培训课程线上教学取得了较好的教学效果,可作为常规教学的重要补充手段.

Objective:To retrieve, evaluate and summarize the evidence of prevention of venous thromboembolism in gynecological cancer patients during perioperative period, so as to provide scientific basis for clinical practice.Methods:We systematically searched the Chinese and English databases, the guide website, and the professional association website for evidence on the prevention of venous thromboembolism in gynecological cancer patients during perioperative period, including the guideline, evidence summary, recommended practice, systematic review, and expert consensus. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to February 19, 2022. Two evidence-based trained researchers selected corresponding evaluation tools according to different types of articles to evaluate the quality of the articles, including the extraction, translation and integration of recommendations.Results:A total of 18 articles were included, including 9 guidelines, 1 evidence summary, 2 recommended practices, 5 systematic reviews, and 1 expert consensus. Finally, 20 pieces of evidence were formed from 6 aspects: risk factors, admission assessment, deep venous thrombosis screening, prevention of venous thromboembolism, duration and health education.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence for prevention of venous thromboembolism in gynecological cancer patients during perioperative period, in order to reduce the incidence of venous thromboembolism in patients through early prevention, screening and identification, and provide evidence-based basis for clinical nurses.

目的 对国内44所三级医院医疗护理员的使用与管理现状进行调查,为规范护理员行业管理、深化优质护理服务提供指导.方法 2021年4月—8月,采用便利抽样法,使用自行设计的医院医疗护理员管理现状调查表,对10个省、自治区、直辖市44所三级医院或对应的第三方服务机构医疗护理员管理部门负责人进行调查.结果 共调查24所三级甲等医院、20所三级乙等医院.当前医疗护理员管理机构主要为第三方服务机构(三级甲等为54.2％、三级乙等为60.0％);培训分为岗前和岗中2个阶段,"互联网+"的培训方式并未被大多数三级医院采纳;接受岗中培训、考核的频率较低;医疗护理员在三级医院的评价方式主要由第三方管理机构进行;工作模式选择上,三级医院普通病区和ICU都倾向于1对1模式.结论 当前国内三级医院医疗护理员聘用和管理模式多样、资格认证待规范,培训、考核机制落实不到位,工作模式管理、评价体系有待进一步规范.因此,有必要加强医疗护理员聘用和管理,制订专业化的培训方案,建立清晰可及的工作制度和评价体系,深化优质护理服务,提高护理质量.

目的:探讨护士执业资格考试成绩与护士第一年执业能力的相关性.方法:采用整群抽样法选取2017年—2019年入职某三级甲等综合医院的267名护士为研究对象.依据新入职护士培训大纲开展新入职护士岗前培训和第一年轮转培训,培训结束后进行考核,分析护士执业资格考试成绩与护士第一年执业能力的相关性.结果:护士执业资格考试总分为(174.85±5.98)分(每科成绩转换为百分制后),岗前培训考核总分为(173.60±11.94)分,转正考核总分为(171.70±9.85)分.护士执业资格考试总分与转正考核总分呈正相关(r=0.415,P<0.01),护士执业资格考试专业实务得分与转正理论考核得分呈正相关(r=0.049,P<0.01),护士执业资格考试实践能力得分与岗前培训操作考核得分(r=0.121,P<0.05)及转正操作考核得分(r=0.140,P<0.01)呈正相关.结论:护士执业资格考试成绩与护士第一年执业能力具有相关性,建议管理者注重新入职护士自主学习能力和动作迁移能力的培养,促进不同基础的新入职护士快速提升执业能力.

Objective:To investigate the construction of ostomy nurse-led clinics in tertiary hospitals in China.Methods:Using the convenient method, managers of ostomy nurse-led clinics in tertiary hospitals in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China in August 2020 were selected as the survey objects. Questionnaire for Survey on Status Quo of Ostomy nurse-led clinics in ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in China was used to investigate. A total of 367 questionnaires were recovered in this survey, 313 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the effective recovery rate was 85.29%.Results:A total of 313 tertiary hospitals have set up ostomy nurse-led clinics. Among the ostomy nurse-led clinics, 86.58% (271/313) of the ostomy specialist nursing outpatient visits were independent visits by nurses. The opening period of stoma clinic was (6.27±4.08) years and the weekly opening time was (5.30±3.93) half-days. The average monthly outpatient number was 100, with a minimum of 4 and a maximum of 3 000. In terms of job management, 50.48% (158/313) of the stoma specialist nursing outpatient jobs were part-time, managers were mostly undergraduates (74.44%, 233/313) , the professional title of managers was mostly nurse in charge (48.24%, 151/313) , 38.98% (122/313) of hospitals had promotion system and 36.74% (115/313) of hospitals had performance management system. There were large differences in environmental layout, facilities and equipment, goods management and specialist management and there was no unified standard.Conclusions:There are great differences in the construction of ostomy nurse-led clinics in tertiary hospitals in China, which need to be further standardized and unified. It is suggested that relevant departments should introduce relevant policies to encourage the establishment of full-time nurse posts in ostomy nurse-led clinics, guarantee the training, promotion and performance reward of visiting nurses and fully encourage the subjective initiative of ostomy specialist nurses to promote their career development.

Abstract Aim This study aimed to examine the relationship between social support and quality of life in urostomy patients and identify the mediating role of resilience in that relationship. Design A cross‐sectional design. Methods Participants included 232 patients who were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Beijing during March 2020 and August 2020. They completed questionnaires about perceived social support, resilience and ostomy‐related quality of life. Structural equation modelling was performed to analyse the data. Results The mean age of patients was 65.79 (SD = 8.67) years, and the mean length of time after surgery was 42.14 (SD = 15.76) months. Urostomy patients' quality of life, social support and resilience were all above moderate. Social support had a positive direct effect on the quality of life and a positive indirect effect on the quality of life through the mediating role of resilience.

循证护理是护理学科发展的必然趋势.采用知识-应用循环圈模型指导循证护理临床实践,依托循证转化组构建循证护理组织架构,创新运行模式和培训模式,达成证据总结和证据应用双重目标,推进了循证护理临床应用,改善了患者结局指标,创造了良好经济效益和社会效益.

目的 制订以冠心病二级预防为主的心血管专科护理培训方案,并评价其应用效果.方法 基于跨理论模型和动机性访谈制订培训方案,选取15所三级甲等医院的30名护士开展培训,培训合格后进行临床实践,通过理论、知识及临床实践结果对方案进行全面评价.结果 经过系统培训,30名护士冠心病二级预防测试问卷得分由(62.24±15.67)分提高至(78.99±9.50)分,差异有统计学意义(t=7.840,P<0.001).护士在临床实践阶段对培训方案的执行情况较好;患者血压、血脂的达标率显著提高,二级预防药物的服药依从性达到86％以上,生活质量和心理健康均有明显改善(P<0.001).结论 以冠心病二级预防为主的心血管专科护理培训方案可显著提升护士的理论、知识和技能水平,促进二级预防在临床的有效开展,使冠心病患者获益.