The in-situ stress near the shallow faults is an important factor affecting underground chamber engineering and or oil exploration and development.Due to the tectonic movements,the shallow fault rocks are in weak cemented state.The conventional methods for measuring in-situ stress exist the deficiencies such as larger error,higher cost,longer cycle and so on.Based on the Mohr-Coulomb strength theory,this paper systematically analyzes the relationship of the in-situ stress near faults,the fault friction coefficient calculation and fault frictional strength.Finally,the in-situ stress model is applied to calculate the stress of Chengzhuang region.The results coincide with the measured results.The results have important implications for stress calculation,and efficient product of oil and gas.

Frictional strength of fault plane is the basis for estimating fault slip risk induced bystress disturbance during coal mining.Based on Chengzhuang coal mine field in Jincheng,constraint mechanism of frictional strength of fault plane to in-situ stress is analyzed, in addition, the effect law of F13 fault and its frictional strength on seam roof stability,lead abutment pressure and fault slip risk are also studied through both theoretical analysis and nu-merical simulation calculation. The results show that ratio of maximum to minimum principal stress in deep crust is constrained by frictional strength of fault plane, fault will slip when the ratio reaches the frictional strength extre-mum of fault plane located in critical direction. Fault fracture zone results in disturbance in initial stress field, forming low stress zone and high stress concentration zone around fault, which will have a immediate impact on movement, deformation and abutment pressure distribution of seam roof. Seam roof subsidence and alternate dis-placement of two fault walls are larger when frictional strength is smaller,it is obviously that lead abutment pres-sure decreases when working face advances near the fault. Ratio of the tangential stress to normal stress easily reaches frictional coefficient of fault plane, which will lead to higher fault slip risk.

煤矿采空区岩体渗透性是煤矿采空区煤层气抽采设计的基本参数.从煤矿采空区岩体变形-破坏特征分析入手,通过理论分析研究了岩体渗透性与应力之间的耦合关系和模型,揭示了采空区岩体应力-应变和渗透性分布规律.研究结果表明:不同岩性岩石的渗透性在全应力-应变过程中为应变的函数,采空区岩体渗透性决定于岩体破坏程度和断裂的张开度,基于采空区岩体应力-应变导致断裂开度变化,推导了采空区岩体渗透系数与应力之间的三维关系与模型;应用FLAC3D计算软件,对采空区岩体应力-应变-渗透性进行了数值模拟计算,分析了采空区岩体的变形破坏的分区分带特征,在纵向上自上而下形成弯曲下沉带、断裂带和垮落带;在横向上划分为原岩应力区、超前压力压缩区、卸载应力区和岩体应力恢复区;揭示了采空区岩体渗透性分布与采空区岩体应力-应变和破坏规律相一致的特征.无论是垂直渗透系数比(Kz/Kz0),还是水平渗透系数比(Ky／Ky0),均随着距开采煤层垂直距离的增大,采空区岩体渗透性逐渐减小,且采空区边缘的渗透系数较大,采空区两侧煤柱区岩体渗透性显著降低.

根据水力压裂法对新集矿区山西组的S5、S9测孔的原地应力进行测试,研究煤储层的地应力分布规律,建立煤储层地应力与煤层埋藏深度的关系模型;通过对煤岩体内裂隙随正应力的变形研究,建立三维渗透率-地应力关系模型.为煤层气勘探与开发提供理论指导.

In order to effectively evaluate and predict the stability of landslide,a new method of dividing the state of landslide stability based on unload-load response ratio is put forward.On the basis of elaborating connotation of unload-load response ratio theory,the interrelation of the unload-load response ratio and damage variable is discussed and established from the angle of damage mechanics.And then,through the analysis of the relationship between landslide stability safety factor and damage variable,the quantitative relationship of unload-load response ratio and stability safety factor of landslide stability is established.With reference to the relevant norms and standards,intervals of landslide stability state are divided according to the value of Unload-load response ratio.Xintan landslide is taken as an example,and the calculation results are showed.Landslide stability state,that unload-load response ratio calculated is corresponding to,coincided with the actual situation.The results show that unload-load response ratio parameters can be used to evaluate the state of landslide stability,the unload-load response ratio parameters have theoretical and practical value as same as safety factors.

A panchromatic solar spectral absorption is able to be obtained by co-sensitizing,which can substantially enhanced photocurrent densities and light-to-electrical energy conversion efficiencies.Various co-sensitization approaches of obtaining apanchromatic solar spectral were introduced,such as DSSCs co-sensitization,relay dyes,quantum dot solar cells(QDSCs)and parallel tandem DSSCs.In addition,the influencing factors,preparation process,a strategy to enhance light-to-electrical conversion e?ciencies and new trend were introduced.

Increasing the mixing degree of reagent and coal slurry is the basis of improving the effect of coal slurry flocculating-sedimentation,and installing baffles in the pipeline can promote the mixing degree.Through the orthogonal experiment on three influential factors of baffle shape,baffle number and baffle spacing,the paper has obtained the optimal condition for coal slurry flocculating-sedimentation.

The safety egress time of the occupants in the underground commercial building was studied by theoretical calculation and software simulation,and the two methods were compared.The results showed: the egress time was mainly affected by the width of the exit in the underground commercial building for a large number of persons;calculating error of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation was only 8.5 s,the evacuation time of the underground commercial building could be predicted by each method,but numerical simulations could intuitive response personnel evacuation process,export and evacuation routes,congestion and bottlenecks,but also for aspects of underground commercial building fire evacuation optimization.

Evacuation experimental measurement and theoretical calculation was used to determine the conversion coefficient and investigate the occupant amount and variety law of crowd density of weekdays and weekends in large supermarkets in Xuzhou.The results showed that,Staff retention of supermarket on Friday didn't like Tuesday and Thursday that had a significant period of growth,stability and fall of,but a gradually increasing trend,while the weekend showed an apparent normal distribution.Maximum of occupant density of weekdays and weekends in large supermarkets were 0.199 person/m2 and 0.328 person/m2.The conversion coefficient of the supermarket was 0.284~0.46 person/m2.

In order to study evacuation behavior of gymnasium building,this paper adopts methods of evacuation experimental observation and computer software simulation,to respectively research persons behavior in normal conditions.The research result shows that under normal condition of experimental evacuation,the need time is 182s,and emergency evacuation of simulation need time is 147s.The comparison between the evacuation experimental observation and computer software simulation shows as follows: in normal conditions,the flow coefficient is nearly constant during the whole evacuation time and the flow coefficient of evacuation experimental is less than that in software simulation;evacuation time needed in emergency situation is less than that in evacuation experimental.

In order to study problem on the effect of natural smoke exhaust,6 fire scenarios according the features of theater lounge.Theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methods were applied to study the influence on thermal flow field and smoke propagation by the different location,area of windows and the environmental wind spead.Results were as follows: the time when reaching a critical valve of different position windowsshowed Ttop Teast,west Tnorth.With external winds,the natural smoke exhaust effect of 3.5% window open area was equal to 6.0% window area without wind.Considering the environmental winds,5% top window and 3.5% east-west window mode was selected to enhance the effect of natural smoke in theater lounge.

The idea of performance-based fire-protection design has been used and combined with project example to study highway tunnel fire with model experiment and numerical simulation.Experimental results confirms the smoke counter-current phenomenon in the tunnel;Critical wind speeds for different fire power are given: when fire power are 5 MW,20 MW,100 MW,the critical wind speeds are 4.0～4.5 m/s,6.0～6.5 m/s,10.0～10.5 m/s.It is found through the study that the critical wind speed inside the tunnel is concerned with combustion intensity;the phenomenon does not occur upstream,when the vertical air velocity is equal to the critical wind speed,which is conducive to escape for the upwind areas and carry out the fire rescue.

For the quantitative evaluation of a commercial pedestrian street fireproofing design whether satisfy the requirements of evacuate safely, analysis the influence factors from fire detection, response and action three stages. Setting the most unfavorable fire scene, and application FDS and evacuation software simulation, and obtain the TASET and TRSET. The result is TRSET<TASET, so fire prevention design of commercial pedestrian street meets the requirements of evacuate safely. Using the method of numerical simulation to evaluate fire-protection design, which can provide reliable data for the quantitative evaluation.

Promoting the dispersion of coal slurry flocculation agents is the basis of improving the sedimenta-tion efficiency of coal slurry,and using the turbulence in pipelines to disperse agents can reduce energy con-sumption.In the paper,experiments on agent dispersion with three kinds of designed pipes are conducted and studied.Results show that baffling mixer and turbulence plate mixer disperse agents in short pipes,but consid-ering their structural adaptability,the latter is the better.

本文分析了北方某地区农村消防工作中存在的主要问题:基层政府对农村消防工作重要性的认识不足;村民消防知识匮乏,消防意识淡薄,自我保护能力差;农村建筑物耐火等级低、布局混乱,消防基础设施相对薄弱;电气线路和家用电器隐患大;季节性火灾隐患突出。针对上述问题提出了相应的对策。

Taking diatomite as main materials, appending ultra-f ine tourmaline in moderation and binding agent in modicum, using solid-phase sintering method, a new type environmental material was obtained —— diatomite based porous ceramic. The structure and performance of the material were characterized by scanning electron microscope, mercury injection intrusion porosimetry, and the decolorizing effect and mechanism for diatomite based porous ceramic on malachite-green by Fourier transform infrared spectrum and ultraviolet-visible spectrometry was analyzed. The results indicated that narrow pore-size distribution was 200nm, and the material had excellent adsorption. The adding ultra-fi ne tourmaline made the material assume degradation. The decoloration and degradation conversion for malachite-green aqueous could reach 90.8% and 36% in 6h respectively.

With the calcination purification,the adsorption performance of acid leaching residue of asbestos tailing to Zn2+ in wastewater was efficient.To some extent,the removal effect on Zn2+ is improved with increase in quantity of adsorbent,time of adsorption,adsorption temperature and pH value,but the pH value is the main factor.The isothermal adsorption of it to Zn2+ in wastewater fits the Langmuir model accurately,and the adsorption characteristics was chemisorption.