Smart Grid software applications as an ultra-large-scale system: Challenges for evolution

Software applications play a major role to provide the "smartness" in Smart Grid. Such applications are in a never-ending state of flux due to rapidly changing expectations from the users and stakeholders. Hence, managing the evolution is important for development of Smart Grid software applications, and the challenging factors of software evolution in Smart Grid should be identified. This position paper presents a discussion on the Smart Grid software applications as an ultra-large-scale system, focusing on the possible challenges that need to be addressed for an effective and efficient evolution of the area.