Synthesis, Conformation and Biological Activity of Linear and Cyclic Thr6‐bradykinin Analogues Containing N‐benzylglycine in Place of Phenylalanine

Three linear Thr6-bradykinin analogues in which either one or both the two phenylalanine residues in the peptide sequence have been substituted by N-benzylglycine (BzlGly) and their head-to-tail cyclic analogues were synthesized and tested on an isolated rat duodenum preparation. The linear (BzlGly5,Thr6-BK, BzlGly8,Thr6-BK and BzlGly(5,8),Thr6-BK) and the cyclic (cyclo BzlGly5,Thr6-BK, cyclo BzlGly8,Thr6-BK and cyclo BzlGly(5,8),Thr6-BK) peptoid-like analogues were characterized by amino acid analysis, optical rotation, analytical HPLC and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. The conformational features of both the linear and cyclic derivatives were investigated by FT-IR and CD measurements. Preliminary molecular mechanics calculations were also performed on some synthetic peptides. Pharmacological screening using the relaxation of the isolated rat duodenum preparation showed that incorporation of N-benzylglycine at positions 5 and/or 8 in the linear Thr6-BK causes a substantial decrease in potency. Comparable incorporation in cyclo Thr6-BK, at position 8, or 5 and 8, resulted in nearly inactive analogues. However, cyclo BzlGly5,Thr6-BK showed a potency which is of the same order of magnitude as for cyclo-BK and cyclo Thr6-BK.