Efficacy And Tolerability Of A Once Daily Treatment With Budesonide Capsules Versus Mesalamine Granules For The Treatment Of Active Ulcerative Colitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Multicenter Study

period 1991-2003 from North Jutland and Aarhus counties, Denmark and 26,648 unexposed controls from the same counties.Of these, 175 exposed patients with IBD before the infection, their 350 unexposed controls, and 80 unexposed individuals with IBD before the Salmonella/ Campylobacter infection were excluded.The final study cohort of 13,149 exposed and 26,218 unexposed individuals were followed for up to 15 years (mean 7.5 years).A firsttime diagnosis of IBD was reported in 107 exposed individuals (1.2%) and 74 unexposed individuals (0.5%) during follow-up.By Cox's proportional-hazards regression analysis the hazard rate ratio for IBD was 2.9 [95% CI 2.1-3.9] for the whole period and 1.9 [1.3-2.6] if the first year after Salmonella/Campylobacter infection was excluded.The increased risk in exposed subjects was observed throughout the observation period of 15 years.The increased risk was similar for Salmonella (n=6,464) and Campylobacter (n=6,685) and independent of age and gender of the patient.The increase in risk for a first-time diagnosis of Crohn's disease (n=47) and Ulcerative Colitis (n=134) was not significantly different.We conclude, that from a large, population-based cohort study with complete follow-up an increased risk of IBD was demonstrated in individuals notified in laboratory registries with an episode of Salmonella/Campylobacter gastroenteritis.This may have implications for the understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases, and it emphasizes the importance of food safety for disease prevention.