Anti-allergic activity of an ethanol extract from Salviae miltiorrhiza

As part of an ongoing investigation aimed at the discovery of novel bioactive medicinal herbs with anti-inflammatory properties, the effects of an ethanolic extract from the parts of Salviae miltiorrhiza Bunge (ESM) were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo animal model analysis. ESM inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and COX-1-dependent phases of prostaglandin D 2 (PGD 2 ) generation in bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) in a concentration-dependent manner with IC 50 values of 3.96 μg/mL and 21.54 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, ESM inhibited leukotriene C 4 (LTC 4 ) production with an IC 50 value of 2.6 μg/mL. These results clearly demonstrated the dual COX-2 selective/5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity that ESM possessed. ESM strongly inhibited a degranulation reaction in a dose dependent manner within a BMMC system, with an IC 50 value of 22.4 μg/mL. Additionally, ESM was tested in a rat passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction assay by oral administration (25 to 100 mg/kg). ESM dose-dependently inhibited the PCA reaction, which was activated by anti-dinirophenyl (DNP) IgE. These results suggested that ESM might be beneficial in regulating various allergic reactions.