Folded conformation, cyclic pentamer, nanostructure, and PAD4 binding mode of YW3-56

The physical and chemical mechanisms of small molecules with pharmacological activity forming nanostructures are developing into a new field of nanomedicine. By using ROESY 2D NMR spectroscopy, tandem mass spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and computer assisted molecular modeling, this paper demonstrates the contribution of the folded conformation, the intra- and intermolecular pi-pi stacking, the intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, and the receptor binding free energy of 6-dimethylaminonaph-2-yl-{N-S-[1-benzylcarba-moyl-4-(2-chloroacetamidobutyl)]-carboxamide (YW3-56) to the rapid formation of nanorings and the slow formation of nanocapsules. Thus we have developed a strategy that makes it possible to elucidate the physical and chemical mechanisms of bioactive small molecules forming nanostructures.