Genetic variation of rye chromosome 1R in wheat background

By using cytogenetic methods, the chromosome constitution of both pollen-derived plants and F2 plants, which were from the same cross CSxM27(a 1R/1D substitution line), were characterized. It was found that 7 pollen-derived plants produced 7 types of variation in chromosome constitution and each of the plants was classified as one type. In 27 F2 plants, however; only 11 types of variation in chromosome constitution were produced and the frequency of variation was 37.0%, lower than that of pollen-derived plants. A wheat /1R small segment chromosome translocation, which was transmitted into offspring stably, existed in the pollen-derived plant population, whereas no wheat /rye chromosome translocation was detected in the F2 population, indicating that anther culture, when combined with conventional chromosome engineering, is a convenient, effective and expeditious way for the introgression of alien useful genes into wheat purposefully.