Travel behavior, household in the same lifecycle stage, and built environment

The study focuses on the hypothesis that lifecycle effects are suppressed by the built environment, and this can be examined using the repeated cross-sectional data collected over the last three decades. The fraction of automobile trips for each lifecycle stage in the different residence area over time is first reviewed using descriptive statistical analysis. The effects of lifecycle, residence area and year and their interaction effects are examined by using three-way ANOVA analysis. The results show that even within each lifecycle stage, change in the fraction of auto trips over time is suppressed in commercial and mixed commercial/residential areas. However, the fraction of auto trips for autonomous areas, suburbs and unurbanized areas increased over time in the range of 2 to 7 times depending on the lifecycle stage. © 2011 ASCE.