Dynamical Shell Effect in the Fusion Reactions

Dynamical nuclear shell effect is introduced to the improved quantum molecular dynamics model in interaction potential energy in the process of fusion reactions. The dynamical shell correction energy of the system is calculated and applied to dynamical process of fusion reactions with a switch function employed to connect the shell correction energy of the projectile and target with that of the compound nucleus. It is found that the shell effect enhances the fusion barrier and the calculated fusion (capture) cross-sections decrease for subbarrier fusion reactions which both projectile and target are doubly magic nuclei. The experimental data of the fusion cross-sections for four systems 40 Ca + 48 Ca , 48 Ca + 48 Ca , 16 O + 208 Pb and 48 Ca + 208 Pb can be reproduced better with the shell effect being considered by using the ImQMD model.