Risk factors that increase the morbimortality in patients with upper digestive bleeding in the "Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza" (1980-2003)]

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a digestive disorder with both high morbidity and mortality, being the most important digestive emergency. The objective of study was to find risk factors than increase morbimortality and efficacy treatment of used.The design was is a retrospective case-control study, an aleatory unrestrictive sample was done, with 104 subjects each group, selected by the aleatory numbers table.Risk factors associated to mobility: major bleeding was male population (OR = 1.94, CL 1.08-3.50), previous alcohol consume (OR = 2.47, CL 1.32-4.66); previous peptic ulcer (OR = 2.83, CL 1.16-7.07);chronic liver disease (OR = 4.55, CL 1.36-16.77); haematemesis and melaena (OR = 2.85, CL 1.53-5.34); and only haematemesis (OR = 3.40, CL 1.62-7.23); injury assigned as risk factor were esophagogastric varices(OR = 4.64, CL 1.96-3.42). Combinated treatments medical-endoscopic and medical-surgical treatments were determinate as protectors factors with RR = 0.52 (CL 0.37-0.73) and RR = 0.09 (CL 0.01 - 0.61) respectively. Mortality: 0.40%.Risk factors associated to morbimortality were: chronic liver disease, esophago-gastric varices, haematemesis and melaena. Treatment medical-endoscopic and medical-surgery are protective factors. Mortality: 0.48% can be attributed to improvement of endoscopic treatments and convenient surgery treatment considered as protector factors with high efficacy.