Intravascular ultrasound results from the NEVO ResElution-I trial: a randomized, blinded comparison of sirolimus-eluting NEVO stents with paclitaxel-eluting TAXUS Liberté stents in de novo native coronary artery lesions.

Background-The NEVO sirolimus-eluting stent (NEVO SES) is a novel cobalt-chromium stent combining sirolimus release from reservoirs with bioabsorbable polymer to reduce spatial and temporal polymer exposure. The aim of this study was to assess the arterial response to the NEVO SES in a randomized, blinded comparison versus the surface-coated TAXUS Liberte paclitaxel-eluting stent (TAXUS Liberte PES) in human native coronary lesions using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Methods and Results-The NEVO ResElution-I IVUS substudy enrolled 100 patients (1:1 randomization). In addition to standard IVUS variables, uniformity of neointimal distribution within stents was evaluated in 3 dimensions by computing mean neointimal thickness within 12 equally spaced radial sectors on every 1-mm cross section along the stented segment. The NEVO SES showed significantly less neointimal proliferation (neointimal obstruction: 5.5 +/- 11.0% versus 11.5 +/- 9.7%, P=0.02), resulting in less late lumen area loss and smaller maximum cross-sectional narrowing at 6 months. The absolute variability of neointima distribution, assessed by the standard deviation of neointimal thickness within each stent, was significantly reduced with the NEVO SES compared with the TAXUS Liberte PES(0.04 +/- 0.04 mm versus 0.10 +/- 0.07 mm, P < 0.0001). TAXUS Liberte PES showed significantly greater positive vessel remodeling than the NEVO SES (Delta vessel volume index: 1.30 +/- 1.36 mm(3)/mm versus 0.36 +/- 0.63 mm(3)/mm, respectively, P=0.003). Conclusions-The NEVO SES with focal release of sirolimus from reservoirs achieved significantly greater and more consistent suppression of neointimal hyperplasia than the surface-coated TAXUS Liberte PES. This was associated with less positive remodeling and no increased morphological or morphometric abnormalities surrounding the stent or at the stent margins.