The role of lymphadenectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma

Extended pelvic lymph node dissection has been shown to markedly improve oncologic outcomes in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, but the value of lymphadenectomy in the management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is less clear. In this Review, the authors discuss whether routine regional lymph node dissection can be recommended for UTUC on the basis of the available evidence.