Dynamic Ca(2+) signal modalities in the vascular endothelium.

Please cite this paper as: Taylor MS, Francis M, Qian X, Solodushko V. Dynamic Ca2+ signal modalities in the vascular endothelium. Microcirculation similar to 19: 423429, 2012. Abstract The endothelium is vital to normal vasoregulation. Although acute vasodilation associated with broad endothelial Ca2+ elevation is well known, the control and targeting of Ca2+-dependent signals in the endothelium are poorly understood. Recent studies have revealed localized IP3-motivated Ca2+ events occurring basally along the intima that may provide the fundamental basis for various endothelial influences. Here, we provide an overview of dynamic endothelial Ca2+ signals and discuss the potential role of these signals in constant endothelial control of arterial tone and the titration of functional responses in vivo. In particular, we focus on the functional architecture contributing to the properties and ultimate impact of these signals, and explore new avenues in evaluating their prevalence and specific modalities in intact tissue. Finally, we discuss spatial and temporal effector recruitment through modification of these inherent signals. It is suggested that endothelial Ca2+ signaling is a continuum in which the specific framework of store-release components and cellular targets along the endothelium allows for differential modes of Ca2+ signal expansion and distinctive profiles of effector recruitment. The precise composition and distribution of these inherent components may underlie dynamic endothelial control and specialized functions of different vascular beds.