West Nile Virus Encephalitis in a Kidney Transplant Recipient

We describe a case of West Nile virus encephalitis in a 54-year-old kidney transplant recipient. The clinical course was rapid and fatal. Serial CSF samples showed an evolving mononuclear pleiocytosis and serial MRIs showed increasing signs of cytotoxic edema in her basal ganglia. Seroepidemiological testing indicated that the infection was most likely acquired from transfusion of fresh frozen plasma at the time of transplantation.